Concrete Strength and Properties Analysis

The assignment investigates the mechanical properties of concrete by examining test results related to its slump, compressive strength, bulk density, voids ratio, and angularity. The analysis focuses on determining if the aggregates meet standard requirements for construction and how factors like water content and compaction influence concrete quality. It also highlights the significance of accurate testing methods.

Running Head: CONCRETE DESIGN
CONCRETE DESIGN
Name of the Student
Name of the University

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Table of Contents
Abstract......................................................................................................................................2
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Discussion..................................................................................................................................5
1.1. Suggestions.....................................................................................................................5
1.2. Fineness Modulus and Grading Curve............................................................................5
1.3. Experiment......................................................................................................................6
1.4. Calculation......................................................................................................................6
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................7
References..................................................................................................................................7

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Abstract
To compare the voids ratio, bulk density and angularity numbers the Aggregate properties has
to be conducted by experimenting nominal single sized aggregate while subjecting to various
levels of compaction. There are two kinds of aggregates that are used in as experiment
samples: 20mm single sized and 20mm all in. And there are three main methods of
compaction used for determining the properties of aggregate rod compaction, machine
compaction and hand filling. While using machines it has been expected to achieve lesser
voids ratio and higher bulk density.
To collect more information about the aggregates Grading curve from sieve analysis can be
utilized. The retained material over each sieve after shaking represents that the fraction of
aggregated coarser than the sieve in question but finer than the sieve above. Excessive or
deficiency of any one particle size does not affect the general procedure mixtures having
lesser voids between the particles, but Aggregated does have smoother grading curves which
may help. The sieve on which the material is retained the fineness modulus has been
weighted on average size. The fineness modulus is the weighted normal size of a strainer on
which the material is held. Fineness Modulus is characterized as a record to the molecule
estimate not to the degree. Fineness Modulus is ascertained from the strainer investigation. It
is characterized scientifically as the entirety of the total rates held on the standard strainers
separated by 100.
The hardened concrete properties tests are led to decide the compressive and elasticity of
cement at 28 days. The compressive quality test measures the concrete's capacity to oppose
stacks before coming up short. The quality of cement is specifically related on the
workability and consistency of the blend before it is cured and hardens.

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Introduction
Aggregate testing and concrete plays a vital role in the construction of any project by
just providing the designers, owners and contractors that are valuable and has more
information throughout the progress of a project work. The aggregate particles are embedded
comes in the paste of mixture of cement concrete and water. Aggregate is a kind of granule
material which usually contains volume of concrete at an average of 60% - 75%. Thus,
decreasing volume changes because of drying shrinkage of the cement-water paste; total is
cheap filler that lessens the cost of the concrete. Total properties essentially influence the
workability of plastic cement and the concreteness, quality, warm properties and thickness of
concreteified cement. The properties of aggregate significantly affects ability of the plastic
concrete to work and along within its durability, thermal properties, strength and density of
hardened concrete.
In aggregates the density of the bulk depends on the minerals of soil in a greater way
and thus the degree of compaction becomes another reason. Bulk density is the ratio of mass
of the material in container to the volume of container. The construction gets better with the
greater value of the density of the bulk.
 Void Ratio = Volume of Voids : Volume of Concretes
 In civil engineering projects it is likely to have lesser void ratio.
 Angularity number is defined as the amount by which the percentage of voids exceeds
33.
Bulk density, voids ratio and angularity number has to be defined for aggregates before using
for constructions. As we have discussed earlier there are three main properties that are used
for defining the properties of aggregate, where Aggregate influences Dimensional Stability,

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Elastic Modulus, Durability, Workability and Cost of Concrete. This is an effective and vital
method in engineering world.
For engineering construction Sieve analysis is an important task that is needed to be done. It
is simple and here grading curves gives much better information of aggregate. The material
held on each strainer in the wake of shaking speaks to the part of total coarser than the sifter
being referred to yet better than the strainer above.
Legitimate blending of concrete blend is vital to accomplish the coveted workability and
quality of cement. Water content decides the workability of cement. A less workable clump
would deliver higher quality cement. The concrete slump test is intended to quantify the
workability of newly influenced cement to blend. It quantifies the consistency of the concrete
group. Distinctive cement clusters were made in the test and looked at as they had different
blend amounts. This empowers to investigate how consistency and workability influences the
conduct of cement. A relocation was measured in the slump test from the highest point of the
slump test to the highest point of the slumping cement speaks to the slump of the concrete
blend.
The compressive quality is the, is the total strength of cement/concrete at 28 days. It is the
measure of the solid's capacity to oppose dead or dynamic loads previously coming up short.
The quality of cement is straightforwardly related on the workability and consistency of the
blend before it is cured and solidifies. Assurance of the compressive and elasticity is, by a
wide margin, the most imperative research center errand for structural designers.

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Discussion
1.1. Suggestions
1. To obtain the highest amount of density it is required to use method 3 if there is
similar volume of cylinders. This can likewise be demonstrated by the way that lesser
measure of void proportion is acquired while compacting utilizing the machine.
2. It could be observed the different values of different methods with the reference to the
angularity number. There must be a path followed to obtain the angularity number for
aggregates.
3. It has been concluded from the experiment that aggregates could contain much more
materials of similar volume. Thus, as compared to single size aggregate, lesser values
of void ratio is obtained. And this is why aggregate is preferred in construction.
1.2. Fineness Modulus and Grading Curve
1. Fineness Modulus: The result suggests that the fine sand has lower fineness modulus
(F.M.=2.54), while coarse aggregate (F.M.=6.34) will have higher fineness modulus.
The mixtures thus have more proportion of coarse aggregate will need more water to
make the mix workable in order the amount of water can be reduced in the case of
finer particles.
2. Grading Curve: It can be watched that the % going of single estimated 20mm total
complies with the AS2758.1. Comparative affirmation is additionally for in with no
reservations total and uncrushed sand. While the reviewing bends have been plotted, it
is worth to check it as per AS2758.1 to check the permitted resilience for each
evaluating prerequisite. This demonstrates the examination has done accurately and
that the total is appropriate to development.

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1.3. Experiment
While tapping as an afterthought, the Slump died down more distant a bit which
showed that the blend was proportional, Slump recorded was a regular one.
1. Group A: This group recorded the lowest slump of 4 mm. This was mainly due to
lesser water content.
2. Group B: This group recorded higher slump (15 mm) than Group A, but lesser than
Group C. This occurred because water content and higher proportion of fine aggregate
compared to Group C.
Measure of water introduced in the specimen is a vital key to its quality. On the off
chance that water is too low, the materials won't blend legitimately. On the off chance
that the water is too high, the last item will be "delicate" and the quality will be low. The
trial comes about because of the above show that the blend amount incredibly influences
the solid properties. Result from Slump test demonstrates that Batch A is the steadiest and
having the least Slump.
The measure of bond is additionally exceptionally pivotal, as it decide how "sticky"
the solid will be. Different materials, for example, fine total and coarse total will likewise
influence the solidness of the item.
1.4. Calculation
Concrete is a blend of concrete, total, water and admixtures, if essential. It is a
heterogeneous material and consequently the properties of various purpose of the materials
are unique. This is the reason a similar group of chamber may deliver distinctive compressive
quality of 25.53MPa and 20.93MPa. The variety could have likewise occurred from shifting
curing conditions due to the vibration of the cylinders.

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Theoretical Splitting Strength: The theoretical cylinder splitting strength can be calculated
with the data from compressive strength.
f’sp= 0.4x√(f'c) MPa
Contrasted with our trial esteem, the normal part quality as computed from
compressive quality is essentially lower (29%). This shows either our examples in
compressive test broke before achieving its quality or the specimen utilized as a part of part
test is more grounded than normal.
Conclusion
Strainer investigation comes about sign that the reviewing bends or constrains fit in
with AS2578.1. Bulk density, voids ratio and angularity number of the totals were resolved
when subjected to various level of compaction were measured, figured and analyzed. Along
these lines, the totals utilized as a part of the examination were appropriate for building
development. The solid slump test presumed that higher water content in the blend builds
workability. The slump test additionally gives satisfactory accuracy when contrasted with
other solid tests. The outcomes unmistakably show a substantially higher quality in bunches
with a lower water content slump.

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References
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