Tourism Management and Sustainable Development

The report discusses the advantages and disadvantages of public-private organizations' tourism partnership, referencing various books and journals. It provides a detailed analysis of case studies on sustainable tourism development, including a dark sky reserve implementation in Alqueva and tourism development in least-developed countries. The report also explores the role of stakeholders in sustainable tourism development and the impact of corporate social responsibility on national competitiveness.

Sustainable Tourism
Development

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Stakeholder benefits from tourism development planning...............................................1
1.2 Advantages and disadvantages of public/private sector tourism planning partnerships. .2
2.1 Evaluate the features of tourism development planning at different levels ....................3
2.2Evaluate the significance of interactive planning systems and processes in tourism
development ..........................................................................................................................4
2.3 Evaluate different methods available to measure tourist impact with reference to Qatar:5
Task 3 : The need for planning for sustainable tourism...................................................................6
Converted in PPT...................................................................................................................6
4.1 Evaluate methods of resolving a conflict of interests :.....................................................7
4.2 Implications of sustainable tourism development for adjusting demand and supply......7
4.3 Ethical and Moral issues of developing and promoting enclave tourism.........................8
TASK 5 ...........................................................................................................................................9
5.1 Comparing issues related to tourism development ..........................................................9
5.2 Suggesting the proposals for future improvement of tourism .......................................11
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Tourism industry has a direct and indirect impact on the economic conditions of the
nation. In the year 2017, tourism industry has contributed 106 billion to the economy and has
created 2.6 million job opportunities for the population (Page, 2014). In the year 2016, overseas
visitors have spent approx 19.7 billion in the England. It is the fastest growing sector which
continuously works for sustainable development of the nation. Present study is based on Qatar,
which is a famous destination for its rich culture and sport events. It also discusses stakeholder
benefit from planning of tourism development. It explains all the advantages and disadvantages
of public private sector partnership. Furthermore, studies also include features of tourism
development planning at different levels along with significance of interactive planning system
and process.
TASK 1
1.1 Stakeholder benefits from tourism development planning
Stakeholders are the group of people who are directly or indirectly associated with the
industry and get affected by its activities (Stanford and Guiver, 2015). Stakeholders of tourism
industry of Qatar are as following:
 Government of Qatar
 Local population
 Tourists
 Tour operators
All these stakeholders are partners in the tourism industry and can influence operations of
the industry to a great extent.
Government of Qatar
It is considered as the most essential stakeholder of the tourism industry. Government
influences decision of the sector and get affected by its activities as well. Government of the
nation always tries to raise its economic position (Stylidis and Terzidou, 2014). With the
increasing tourism activities, overall revenues of the nation can be enhanced. This supports the
authorities in gaining attention of the mass audience and generating employment opportunities
for the people. Government of the country makes effective laws so that consumers can visit
easily and can enjoy their journey. This helps them in increasing foreign reserves and making the
economic position of Qatar strong (Page, 2014).
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Local population
It is another stakeholder of the tourism industry, development in this sector is beneficial
for local community because they can get more employment opportunities. This can generate
income sources for these people and they can live a standard life. Tourism industry helps in
generating more revenues' and this money is utilized for developing infrastructure and
transportation activities in the nation.
Tourists
They are another stakeholder of this industry. This assists travelers in getting more
information about the regional culture and its values. This enhances their knowledge which helps
them in conducting any research on the destination and its beauty (Stylidis and Terzidou, 2014).
Tour operators
They are the major stakeholders which gets benefit from the tourism development.
Increasing number of visitors helps them in generating more revenues in their business and offers
high quality services to the visitors (Stanford and Guiver, 2015).
1.2 Advantages and disadvantages of public/private sector tourism planning partnerships
Public and private organization can help in achieving development in tourism. Although
partnership among private and public organizations has many advantages but these partnerships
also develop certain disadvantages within tourism planning in Qatar.
Advantage of public and private tourism partnership
1. Public and private partnership helps in providing new technologies and best possible
infrastructure within the tourism sector. It supports the development of tourism planning
and industry.
2. The partnership among public and private sector tourism planning also helps in reducing
cost of various services. They provide a helping hand to each other in different tourism
practices and activities.
3. This tourism planning also help in developing new tourist attraction in order to attract
more and more tourists.
4. It helps in ensuring the important investment in public sector and effective public
resource management.
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5. It ensures timely provision and high quality provision of public services(Mowforth and
et.al, 2015).
Disadvantages of private and public partnership
1. Private organizations faces a lot of issues due to various government policies and laws
but public organizations are owned by government itself. Therefore, it creates various
confusions n tourism planning.
2. The profit earned by partnership in tourism planning also affects revenue generation and
profitability.
3. The services delivered and infrastructure may be more expensive in Public and private
partnership.
4. The public and private partnership project is complicated, long-term and very inflexible
due to impossibility to evaluate and envisage each and every event that may affect the
future activities in the tourism sector.
5. If the expertise within the partnership lies largely on the private side, the government has
a big disadvantage. Such as it may be not possible to assess the proposed cost accurately.
2.1 Evaluate the features of tourism development planning at different levels
Tourism industry is very important in a country for its development , this industry
play an important role in economic, social and environmental opportunity of the country. The
many organisation like public and private they incorporate together for developed the tourism in
the country. And to maintain and protect the natural resources of the company and their main
aim is to provide better and meaningful visitor experience in tourist destination. In tourist
industry proper development planning is very necessary because many development planning
failed the organisation doesn't consider the long term development plan. And this gives the
negative impact on tourism industry. Planning is a vision and to set the objectives which is
achieve in near future. The planning objectives depends on national, regional , social,
environmental and economic values of the country. Tourism planning development includes
different levels of international, national, and regional.
Tourism development planning helps to achieve a long term development of Qatar
tourism. Qatar received on an average 6% growth rate in tourist arrivals in past. Some
organisation conduct World tourism day in Qatar. So Qatar is focusing on sustainable tourisms
and the tool for tourism development.
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National tourism planning at national level of the country which helps the national
tourism policy which is responsible into action at nationally. The government of Qatar focuses
on tourist marketing strategies and tourist destination. In this tourism planning mainly focus on
maximize the economic, social and environmental benefits. The government also set up the law
and regulations for travel and tourism industry. Conservation of heritage sites and buildings.
Qatar government also planned to improving infrastructures of roads, development planning
control, and airport and there services.
Regional tourism planning is deals with sub national area, where the local government
help to planning and development in tourism industry. Local government also supply fund for
tourism industry. They help in basic services like water and electricity, maintaining of public
infrastructure, promotion of the attractive area.
International level tourism planning in this organisation such as WTO, UNSECO etc.
provide guidelines for the promotion and accessible tourism development. In Qatar tourism
UNWTO organised the world tourism day for celebrating Qatar sustainability in tourism.
2.2Evaluate the significance of interactive planning systems and processes in tourism
development
Many of the country has been prepared tourism development planning but they
have failed because of not to implement the plan correctly, or some time funding and unrelated
data is used in the planning so the planning should be failed. Better decision could have been
implemented correctly it is result is also good. If the local community come to know the benefit
of tourism industry widely and to participate in planning. For achieving the objectives in tourism
development planning it focuses on interactive planning. The main characteristics of interactive
planning are: Organisation has to work in present for future betterment, local community should
be participate in planning development programme of tourism, and the last is to encourage the
the stakeholders to involved in the plans.
In Qatar tourism interactive planning is play an important role , in this its main aim is to
represent its popular destination at international level which attracts the number of international
visitors in future. For developing tourism industry successful implementation play an important
role. Their are some objectives which are to be achieved by the development of tourism.
Objectives of tourism planning these are:
 To develop a tourism sector at all levels
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 To encourage local community
 To help in the development of market which is fulfil the need of a tourist.
 To save cultural and natural resources which is a part of tourism
 To increase the employment opportunities.
It should help in manufacturing and developing the goods and services for the specific market .
After set the objectives of tourism development program, it should be implemented. The
information which is related to objective should be filled by under training data collection and
then it should be formulated,and then objective evaluated.
2.3 Evaluate different methods available to measure tourist impact with reference to Qatar:
The development of tourism industry have impact on various activities which is
managed by the industry. In a conventional planning the issue related with designing and
implementing the plan. It should be stated that interactive planning is better than conventional
planning because it is not always easy that participation of local community in decision making
process. Tourism have a positive impact on social, economic and environmental factors. There
are three methods to measure the tourist impact : Economic measure: The development of tourism planning is related with economic
wellness. The tourist economic potential should understood as the income of local people,
which is measured in monetary terms. Qatar tourists destination economic impacts can
be measured with number of visitor, and their income and visitor expenditure levels . In
Qatar tourism industry increased there tourism by 6%. Environmental measures: The environment impacts related with tourism development
planning it should be negative or positive impact . It is possible that with a correct
planning and monitoring assessment minimize the negative impacts. Environment
evaluating systems, limitation for natural assets, environmental issues that influence the
project. At the early stage of tourism development it is easy to avoid environmental
damage. There are many methods that will be used for EIA, it include checklist and
number system .
 Social measures: Social impacts of tourism are difficult to measure because they are
highly qualitative in nature. The social impacts should be measure in outbreak of
particular types of disease, tourists safety levels or local community, crime rates and
number of infrastructure.
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Task 3 : The need for planning for sustainable tourism
Converted in PPT
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4.1 Evaluate methods of resolving a conflict of interests :
Current issue which is related to tourism development planning are tension between the
planner, tour operator , tourist , government, developer, local community guest host
relationships. The conflicts will arise when there are different stakeholders and their different
objectives. The government promote tourism development need to resolve the conflict. In Qatar
to achieve sustainable tourism developments objectives, governments and its partners in the
public and private sector organised a training events for their stakeholders which is involved in
travel and tourism for creating awareness, impacts of the tourism and need for sustainability.
There are different methods which is used in to resolve the conflict of interest: Negotiation: This is the very easy and basic method for resolving the concept . In this
clear communication and interaction between the parties who is involved in this. Both
parties deal in negotiation process where they need to come on a fair results and it will
create a win win situation for both. Their is also a situation where both the parties not
come on the same point or not to sacrifice their interest so this method is difficult to
apply.
 Mediation: In this method both the parties mutually accept the agreement. In this method
both the parties participate in processing and find a solution for resolving the conflict
between them. This method limitation is to ensure certain things are impossible for the
mediator because of adverse situation. In Qatar both of the method will be used in for
resolving a conflict between the parties who is involving in the tourism development
program. Qatar now time a tourist destination, it increase the tourist by tourism
development planning.
4.2 Implications of sustainable tourism development for adjusting demand and supply
Keeping in mind the end goal to keep up the accomplishment of the tourism division,
nation need to viably investigate the request and supply of the visitor. As per the examination it
has been established that Qatar is the creating nation and there are not all around oversaw
common and physical assets. Keeping in mind the end goal to keep up the achievement of this
nation, it needs to examine the request and supply of the visitor. In this way, it should figure the
traveler whose will visit in the nation. Besides, government ought to investigate the few courses
of action which help with building up the nation. Then again nearby individuals can likewise
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make advancement in the inn. With a specific end goal to make the powerful achievement,
nearby individuals need to put their capital in the foundation(Nunkoo and et.al, 2015).
By influencing appropriate speculation nation to can keep up its prosperity and
maintainability. What's more, with help of legitimate harmony among request and supply, nation
can decrease the questionable hazard. As indicated by the examination it has been established
that Qatar is going to launch different shows which will pull in the visitor. Keeping in mind the
end goal to influence legitimate to adjust, back is the significant concern in light of the fact that
without sufficient fund, nation can not survive and develop. So it is critical to make appropriate
adjust of back. Qatar, nation have not adequate assets so it requires to successfully conjecture the
traveler which will visit the place. By influencing the best possible arranging and anticipating
government to can give legitimate enhancements which can help in taking care of the demand of
the traveler. With help of the best possible harmony between the request and supply, the
neighborhood individuals make advancements in the hotels. With the normal requests, the nearby
individuals rearrange interest in the framework, in the event that it isn't as indicated by the
request, at that point the wage won't deliver solidly which will bring about tremendous
misfortune to them.
According to the dialog one might say that legitimate harmony between the request and
supply help to the nation in assessing the future speculation and number of travelers. On account
of Philippines, it needs to dispatch the show which produce the income. So for this situation
legitimate forecasting help with decreasing the wastage.
4.3 Ethical and Moral issues of developing and promoting enclave tourism
Enclave tourism alludes to the destination which perform its exercises in a little
geological zone. The real issue of tourism in such territories is the less connection between their
neighborhood groups and the explorers. Another issue is the less installment of sightseers for the
administrations to the resort. In the event of the Qatar they are concentrating on the enclave
tourism as yet creating one district they can draw in vast number of the tourists in the nation. The
ethical and moral issues means that the legislature should render the straight information about
the goal as this will help the visitors to inspect the goal. It is significant obligation of them to
render the precise data to the tourists or visitor about their convenience and inn. As observed that
there are different cases in which the inn proprietor said that they are not obligated for well-being
and security about the visitors or tourists(Ghosh and et.al, 2017).So administration of the Qatar
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ought to build up an appropriate approaches and enactment with a specific end goal to be careful
the soundness of tourists. Notwithstanding this in the seaside area, government ought to create
standards and control so as questionable mischances and peril can overcome from the nation. So
in the event that if the enclave tourism, the administration fundamentally convey the rule of the
nation. Other than this, in the event of the enclave tourism, the visitors ought to have right
learning of the chronicled data as the tourists ought not be aware with this.
TASK 5
5.1 Comparing issues related to tourism development
The present issues which are connected with the tourism advancement is examined. In
such manner, two distinct goals are chosen wherein one is developing and other one is
effectively set up. Here, London is already a developed nation and Qatar is still a developing
country. Both chose destinations proceed with various number of issues. For instance, effect the
common habitat of the nation is being viewed as the significant issue(Ellis and et.al, 2014). It is a
direct result of its fame which draws in vast number of visitor inside city. In any case, in contrast
with this Qatar does not confront the particular issue because of absence of notoriety of separate
goal. Yet, this does not imply that Qatar does not have any sort of issue. The real issue which
separate goal faces is connected with absence of infrastructural office with a plan to help the
movement and tourism exercises of the nation. Here, by making a move regarding the above
given issues critical development can be measure by the legislature of the two goals. This is
additionally to delineate some other imperative contemplation of evolving sociology-cultural
components into both the countries that can without much of a stretch get influenced by the
intercession of visitors drawing nearer from different countries(Woo and et.al, 2015). Ecological
effect is yet another main consideration where securing the encompassing through some viable
practices of drainage, water system, and so on, are some other related variables. Some raised
chances of work into the country is yet another viable result of reasonable tourism with an agreed
effect upon the monetary stipulation of nations and its inhabitants
Factors Qatar London, UK
Financial Factors In this nation, the financial
condition isn't great in light of
the fact that there is a high
Because of the low financial
advancement it has seen that
there are different issue among
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populace yet absence of
legitimate speculation by the
legislature keeping in mind the
end goal to enhance training
and business. Adjacent to
these, individuals of the nation
does not have successful
culture and they are unskilled.
This is the real reason for the
tourism
improvement(Rodrigues and
et.al, 2015).
the nation improvement, for
example, training, work and so
forth.
Natural Factors The populace is expanded
because of the high
development rate. By this
water asset and land has
moved toward becoming alarm
for the living of the general
population. By this the normal
assets are diminished from the
country.
With the quick change and the
expansion in the traveler
movement, deforestation is
occurring. This is restriction
the magnificence of the nation
which is affecting the tourism
part
Social and cultural factors Social and social condition of
the nation is altogether
different as it is otherwise
called the Arabic region. As it
takes after the blend of the
way of life so due to these
contentions between the rich
and the poor are seen.
As it is the creating nations,
the general population are less
taught and even due to this
they don't communicate in
other language other than
English which turns into the
hindrance for the voyagers.
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5.2 Suggesting the proposals for future improvement of tourism
Here, based on evaluated issues it is proposed to the legislature of London that it should
make a move for settling the issue of air contamination inside nation. In such manner,
government ought to plan strict strategy with respect to the given issue. Furthermore, it is
recommended to the Qatar government that it ought to enhance its transportation and
convenience offices This will help in pulling in the expansive number of visitor towards the goal
effectively. Because of the decreasing regular assets in both the goals, the administration is
required to make strict strategy for reestablishing it. Notwithstanding this legislature of these
countries ought to build up a viable strategies and set of accepted rules through which they can
give the well-being and security to the traveler(Bunakov and et.al, 2015). Moreover, government
ought to grow new thought and methodologies so training level of the nation can progress. Other
than this, through instruction, they will have the capacity to learn things and make the visitor
agreeable. Notwithstanding this building up extra business openings will help in improving
development and request inside the business along these lines building up a huge advancement
affect. Referred to country requires to bring the different sorts of imaginative and innovative
methodologies so as it can get the new advancement the tourism industry.
Conclusion
The above report concluded that tourism is an industry which is growing day by day,
therefore it is very essential to ensure the development of the same. The report identified various
factors that influence tourism planning in Qatar for example ineffective planning, ignorance of
tourism. Furthermore, the assessment also concluded that to create sustainable and successful
tourism, government need to balance economical, environmental and sociology-cultural
elements. Advantages and disadvantages of public/private organizations' tourism partnership are
also described in the present report.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Page, S. J., 2014. Tourism management. Routledge.
Stanford, D. and Guiver, J. W., 2015. Process and partnership: factors of success for sustainable
visitor transport projects in protected areas. Journal of Sustainable tourism.
Stylidis, D. and Terzidou, M., 2014. Tourism and the economic crisis in Kavala, Greece. Annals
of Tourism Research. 44. pp.210-226.
Bunakov, O.A., Zaitseva, N.A., Larionova, A.A., Chudnovskiy, A.D., Zhukova, M.A. and Zhukov, V.A.,
2015. Research on the evolution of management concepts of sustainable tourism and hospitality
development in the regions. Journal of Sustainable Development, 8(6), p.39.
Rodrigues, A.L., Rodrigues, A. and Peroff, D.M., 2015. The sky and sustainable tourism development: A
case study of a dark sky reserve implementation in Alqueva. International Journal of Tourism
Research, 17(3), pp.292-302.
Ellis, S. and Sheridan, L., 2014. A critical reflection on the role of stakeholders in sustainable tourism
development in least-developed countries. Tourism Planning & Development, 11(4), pp.467-471.
Mowforth, M. and Munt, I., 2015. Tourism and sustainability: Development, globalisation and new tourism
in the third world. Routledge.
Zaman, K., Shahbaz, M., Loganathan, N. and Raza, S.A., 2016. Tourism development, energy
consumption and Environmental Kuznets Curve: Trivariate analysis in the panel of developed and
developing countries. Tourism Management,54, pp.275-283.
Nunkoo, R., 2015. Tourism development and trust in local government. Tourism Management, 46,
pp.623-634.
Ghosh, R.N. and Siddique, M.A.B. eds., 2017. Tourism and economic development: case studies from
the Indian Ocean region. Routledge.
Woo, E., Kim, H. and Uysal, M., 2015. Life satisfaction and support for tourism development. Annals of
Tourism Research, 50, pp.84-97.
Boulouta, I. and Pitelis, C. N., 2014. Who needs CSR? The impact of corporate social
responsibility on national competitiveness. Journal of Business Ethics. 119(3). pp.349-364.
de Bakker, F., 2016. Managing corporate social responsibility in action: talking, doing and
measuring. CRC Press.
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Erhemjamts, O., Li, Q. and Venkateswaran, A., 2013. Corporate social responsibility and its
impact on firms’ investment policy, organizational structure, and performance. Journal of
Business Ethics. 118(2). pp.395-412.
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