logo

Assignment on Teratogen Affects on Behavior

   

Added on  2020-04-15

11 Pages2510 Words56 Views
Running head: ARTICLE SUMMARYArticle SummaryName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor Note

1 ARTICLE SUMMARYTable of ContentsIntroduction................................................................................................................................2Methodology..............................................................................................................................3Results........................................................................................................................................5Conclusion..................................................................................................................................5References..................................................................................................................................8

2 ARTICLE SUMMARYIntroductionThe teratogen affects behavior problems among the offspring (Loomans et al., 2012).Prenatal and parental exposure of alcohol is found to generate Attention Deficit HyperactivityDisorder (ADHD) in children (Ware et al., 2012). ADHD causes over activity, impulsivityand are unable to sustain attention under the stereotypic school settings (Getahun et al.,2013). It also causes poor self-esteemed, mood swings, dysthymia and anxiety that tamper theacademic performance of the students. However, exposure of alcohol is not the only reasonbehind the occurrence of ADHD among the children; there are also evidences of neurologicetiology (Frodl & Skokauskas, 2012). At the time of the discovery of the disease, ADHD wascategorized as mild brain dysfunction (MBD) (Rubia et al., 2014). This is because, as thememory related problems are linked with neurological dysfunction and the reported cases ofADHD was mostly associated with the infants who are at the high-risk of pre and perinatalproblems or with mother of high-risk pregnancies (Cussen et al., 2012). However, recentliterature has reported the occurrence of ADHA among the children with no significantdiscernible brain dysfunction thus overruling the neurological basis of the disease (Cubillo etal., 2012). Therefore, the root cause of ADHD is confusing and varies in between stressful ordisorganized environment and childhood psychiatric disorder. ADHD is common in the families with prenatal alcohol exposure or children who arediagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) or children born with alcoholic mothers ormothers who have consumed significant amount of alcohol during their time of pregnancy(Graham et al., 2013). However, the attempt made to link the etiology of ADHD withprenatal alcohol faced several problems because it is difficult to conceptually discriminate theprenatal effects from the other effects that are associated with the exposure of the postnatalenvironment like parental alcohol abuse (Silva et al., 2014). Therefore, it is still unclear that

3 ARTICLE SUMMARYwhether ADHD among the children is due to the post natal alcohol exposure or directexposure of alcohol after birth. The main rationale of the study conducted by Brown et al., inthe year 1991 is to discriminate these two guiding factors behind the reason of occurrence ofADHD among the children. The main hypothesis of the article entitled, Effects of prenatalalcohol exposure at school age. II. Attention and behavior is the school students who areexposed prenatal alcohol suffers from the ADHD. MethodologyFor the study, authors here has chosen 68 mother-child pair from a large cohort (n =228) in order the study the prenatal alcohol exposure on children and generation of ADHD.The age groups of the children include 10 months to 5 years. The population selected is blackpeople for comes from low socioeconomic background. The selection of the sample waspurely based on the study conducted in the research (Coles et al., 1991). The pool of subjectbelonged to the same bracket of the high-risk population including women who have reportedconsumption of alcohol during all the trimesters of pregnancy (n = 25) in spite of havingproper educational intervention at the time of recruitment of the large university teachinghospital (1990 to 1983). Another group included randomly selected women who neverconsumed alcohol during the time of pregnancy and their children were free from alcoholintoxication (“never drank”, n = 21). Last and the final group included women who havereported drinking alcohol during their first trimester of pregnancy (statistically significant)but have stalled the consumption of alcohol altogether during rest of the tenure of pregnancyfollowing the education intervention (“stopped drinking”, n= 22). The study was conducted via a group of students who are master level graduate inpsychology and the mode of study conduction was done with the help of disseminatingquestionnaire among the mothers and the children. Moreover, the participating children were

End of preview

Want to access all the pages? Upload your documents or become a member.

Related Documents
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - Assignment PDF
|9
|2693
|60

The Impact of Alcohol Exposure in Utero: A Case of Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
|9
|2412
|97

ADHD and its Causes
|11
|2486
|471

ADHD and Autism: Causes, Ramifications, and Teaching Strategies
|8
|1415
|299

Understanding Dyslexia: Causes, Symptoms, and Impacts
|7
|665
|163

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
|14
|4073
|145