Social Institutions: Characteristics and Functions
Added on 2021-06-11
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1Health inequalities among ethnicityby Student’s NameClass/Course/CodeProfessor’s NameUniversity/SchoolCity, StateDate
2Table of contentsHealth inequalities............................................................................................................3Ethnicity...........................................................................................................................3Social institutions:............................................................................................................3Characteristics of Social Institutions................................................................................4Types and functions of social institutions in society.......................................................4The Family Institution..................................................................................................4The Religious Institution..............................................................................................6Economic Institution............................................................................................................6Hunting Societies.............................................................................................................6Horticulture Societies.......................................................................................................7Agrarian Societies............................................................................................................7Capitalism........................................................................................................................7Socialism..........................................................................................................................7Mixed Economy...............................................................................................................8Functions of Economic Institutions.....................................................................................8Political Institutions.........................................................................................................8The Educational Institution..............................................................................................8Impact of social inequality towards individuals, groups.....................................................8Economic.........................................................................................................................9Crime................................................................................................................................9Health...............................................................................................................................9Happiness and trust..........................................................................................................9Theory perspectives impact of social problems...................................................................9Functionalist theory...........................................................................................................10References:........................................................................................................................11
3Health inequalitiesHealth inequalities are differences between population and groups within societies. Healthcondition occurs due to conditions in which people live, flourish and died. Mental health,physical health and wellbeing are influenced by how we think, feel and react. Thesecondition impact individual positively and negatively it depends on individual(Matthews,2015). EthnicityEthnicity can be defined as the person belonging to social group which include factors like culture, religion, language, nationality and physical features. Ethnicity may result from manyaspects such as demographic factors, scarce resources, social political, cultural and historical factors (Matthews,2015).Social institutions:Social institutions can be defined as a system or pattern of social roles, social norms andsocial order, such as family, religion, culture, education and health. It has been observed thatsociety needs food, shelter, education, clothing, power and maintenance. To provide such needssociety creates institutions of family, education, economy and religion. Social definition can alsobe defined as the beliefs and behavior of individual or society. It has been examined that social institutions are create on the basis of groups with in population, their values, culture, roles and statuses to fulfill their basic human needs. Social institutions are necessary for survival of society. It could be concluded that social institutions represent both groups or pattern of beliefs (Hechterand Wippler, 2018).Characteristics of Social Institutions
4We can summarize the characteristics of social institutions from definition discussedabove, they are (Matthews, 2015):a.Each social institution performs its function but as a whole they all are related to fulfillbasic needs. b.Social institutions differentiate patterns of human behavior and beliefs. c. Social institutions run society with stability. d.Social institutions are universal.e.Concept of social institutions changes from time to time in terms of functioning,complexity and scope. But the basic purpose of institutions remains same. f.Social institutions perform two types of functions:1.Primary functions, which are basic objectives of any social institution.2.Secondary functions, which fulfill basic needs of society. Types and functions of social institutions in societyEvery human society has five basic institutions. They are family, educational, religious, political and economic. The family functions are carried out in home, the educational group are located at schools, colleges and universities, the religious functions are carried out in place of worship, the economic functions are carried out in offices, factories and shops, the political functions in police stations, court and parliament houses (Hechter and Wippler, 2018). The Family InstitutionIt has been observed that family institutions are primary institution of any society. Familyinstitution may differ from one culture to other culture, as there are different cultures within oneculture. It is a social group bound by blood relations, marriage, and responsibilities. The family
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