Double Pipe Heat Exchanger: Analysis and Comparison of Experimental and Numerical Results

1. Introduction
In this report, we are studying the Double pipe heat exchanger. Heat Exchanger data like in
the form of temperature, Inlet, outlet and heat flow over the pipe. Here are some setups
used. i.e. various mass flow rate, Flow( Parallel, Counter). In this Analysis, we are using
the equipment and some numerical tools like ANSYS.
It is the medium to transfer the energy from the one medium to another medium with the
help of the temperature difference. For transfer the Heat, three methods are given below:
“Conduction”, “Convection” and “Radiation”. .
(Manglik , 2016)
Conduction: In the conduction process, when we consider the heat flow in the solid. That
process is called Conduction. Best Example for the conduction: heat flow in the solid rod
from one end and getting hot on the other side etc.
Convection: In the Convection Process, fluid is the mode to transfer the heat from one
phase to other phase. This process is done by the fluid particle movement in the Fluid. For
example boil the water, the bottom particle get energy and goes to up. Same process will
occur till all particles have same temperature. This process is called convection.
Radiation: By using electromagnetic wave mode to flow the heat from one to other
location. For example: Burning Flame.
2. Objectives
Here, our aim is to compare the experimental value from the numerical value of the heat
exchanger. Flow processes are like parallel, counter, and different material used. In the
material term, copper and aluminum double pipe used to flow the parallel and counter flow
at the different mass flow rate like ¼, ½, ¾ and full flow.
In this, we have an aluminum pipe parallel flow and counter full flow rate. Secondly, we
will use in the copper pipe full flow and counter full flow. The last result will get the exact
comparison. We will try to identify the human error and system value by using the
numerical, experimental data. For the calculation of the numerical data, we are using the
ANSYS Fluent software for checking the flow rate.

In this case we have taken Double pipe Heat exchanger configuration. Outer pipe will be
cold water flow and hot flow will be inside the inner pipe.
After this case, we have certain various cases flowing liquid at a different flow rate
i.e. ¼, ½, ¾ and full flow with the parallel & counter process flow rate.
This is the commonly used in the automotive industry where cooling is required.
Example: car radiator. In radiator, maintain the body temperature with the help of passing
the air. There are lots of examples to use the Heat exchanger in the daily life.
The fluid being transferred through the pipes finding the surface area of heat
transfer becomes easy just by knowing the diameter of the pipe through which the heat is
transferred. This makes calculating both inside and outside the surface area of the pipe
using both the diameters and relative heat transferring coefficients.
3. Methodology
3.1. Computational Method
For numerical method, we have used the analysis software. It is called ANSYS. In
market, there are n numbers of software available. ANSYS is the one best to get the
accuracy in the terms of result. There are so many OEM Company using this to get the
better calculation and idea in the World. ANSYS is the problem solving software. It has
various steps to solve the problem. For moving forward there is some step to start the
thermal analysis in the ANSYS. Here is the overview is given below:
Geometry:
It is the first step to solve ANSYS. This is the design modeler. In this design model, we
will create the part to analysis. We can create the part here itself and import the Design
software.
Pre-processing:
Part design are done in the Geometry, It is divided into the several parts. Boundary
conditions are like Meshing, Setup boundary condition, inlet, and outlet and mention the
material, etc.
Post Processing:
When we finished with the pre processing final goes to result section. Here we can see the
result in the form of images, plots, graph and table etc.

There are two options to design the model. One is the main import of the model from
outside with the help of the other 3d model software. The second option is to design the
model inside the workbench. Here are the configurations are given below as per different
location flow. In this case, the model is designed in the ANSYS design modular
workbench.
This figure creates a 3D image of a 1D diagram for stimulation use.
Meshing:
For using the mesh option in the ANSYS, double click on the mesh. It will activate in
other pop pup page. You can refine the mesh as much as possible for getting fine results.
Every element treat as a single and element joint makes cell. Cells behave like a single
body.
Here the basic data and parameter used to define the mesh. It is a default configuration. To
get the better define medium-coarse to fine, there no. Of the element will increase. It is
shown in the figure below:
Contour:
Contour is the solution part of the ANSYS, where we can get the result in the various form.
Result Section has plot, graph, and table etc. format to analyses. In contour section we can