Digital signal and image processing PDF

Coursework Assignment
Fall 2017
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DIGITAL SIGNAL AND IMAGE PROCESSING
INTRODUCTION
A home security system is quite important in the modern day apartment and real estate
construction. The home owners are concerned about the security of the building at the point
where they seek to rent out an apartment or mortgage a home. The most prevalent method of
home security in most settings is the use of a watchdog or a security guard (Prasad, Abhinav, &
Vikas, 2007). This is not very effective especially when the intruder is smart or has a high level
of knowledge in security technology. Further, human beings and animals can be easily distracted
but it is difficult to disrupt a home security system from working. Some of the areas that requires
such profound such security systems are the commercial spaces where businesses are setup,
universities, hospitals, entertainment spaces, and the warehouses or go-downs (Salamony, Ali, &
Darweesh, n.d.). Security is constantly being advanced as the intruders get smarter by the day.
Some security systems prefer to store images while other systems perform a live video streaming
of the activities.
In the implementation, the surveillance camera or video recorder is connected to a memory
location and a processor which may have internet enabled or connected to a smartphone where a
user can have a view of the business remotely. A remote connection ensures that the system is
working as it should as long as the IP cameras are active and connected (Song, 2003). The main
focus of this research paper is the home security surveillance. The system discussed in this report
focused on developing a system that is affordable for the home users to manage their security
from home as well as remotely. A motion sensor is needed to detect movement or presence of an
intruder in a home. The motion sensors are placed at different spots such as the entrance and
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exits, perimeter wall regions and at the door area of the home. The surveillance system focuses
on the detection of motion and tracking of the motion (Gavrilla, 2009). Security systems are
comprised of the networked electronic signals and devices that are integrated to each other to
detect and track intrusion and save any information recorded using the surveillance equipment in
memory locations in a data center or a memory space in the home. The system has a controller
end where the home owner can view or observe what is happening in their surroundings.
Security systems are constantly evolving with different vendors providing various systems to the
market for implementation. Initially, the network video recorders were implemented. Currently,
CISCO provides the CISCO video surveillance platform with remote access capabilities and
control. The systems are easy to integrate and they provide a GUI platform for control with
expansible memory storage in rack units. The implementation of the home security surveillance
system has improved as a result of the improved systems and the reduced costs of hardware as
there are more vendors competing in the market (Borst & Egelhaaf, 2008).
OUTCOMES
(i) To model and synthesize the filters required for noise reduction especially in cases
where different types of noise affect the original signal.
(ii) To critically evaluate the techniques used in the image enhancement applications.
(iii) To determine the legal requirements alongside the ethical issues discussed with the
aim to capture and analyze the digital images.
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AIMS & OBJECTIVES
(i) To develop a real time MATLAB system that detects the presence of moving objects
when the home security system is active.
(ii) To develop a recorded voice message that alerts the home owners of any movement
within or without their premises.
(iii) To develop a CCTV system that stores images when the security system is not active
(iv) To develop MATLAB function to determine different types of noise that may be
captured by the real-time home security system designed in MATLAB.
(v) To implement any two-edge detection algorithm using the MATLAB software
(vi) To develop a work proposal that includes the methodology references an algorithm
used to determine all the outcomes of the project.
ASSIGNMENT TASKS
TASK 1 (30 marks)
This tasks aims at developing a real-time matlab system that detects the presence of moving
objects when the home security system is turned ON.
A home surveillance system is comprised of the central control panel, door and window sensors,
motion sensors, wired and wireless security cameras, high decibel siren and alarm and window
stickers. The control panel is connected to the processor and memory storage units where all the
surveillance data is stored in form of videos or images. It is important to have a redundancy
ensure fault tolerance.
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The MATLAB software implements the following functions to develop the real time home
security surveillance system alongside CCTV camera surveillance backup systems (Yilmaz &
Shah, 2005). The following are the key areas developed,
(i) Developing a real time system in MATLAB.
(ii) System to play a recorded voice message through the connected speakers.
(iii) The system should work as only a CCTV system which stores the image.
The following flowchart describes the operation of the home surveillance system,
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Key: HSSS-home security surveillance system
The algorithm used in developing the home security surveillance system is obtained from
the flowchart which governs at which point to use the CCTV camera to collect images and which
point to perform real-time home security surveillance for the system (Wachter & Nagel, 2005).
(i) The system is activated, the camera is turned on and commences surveillance
(ii) The live streaming proceeds and the motion sensors at the different positions are
activated once they are powered on.
(iii) The motion sensors stay active waiting to detect any form of motion.
(iv) If motion is detected, the system plays a stored alert message warning the home
owners of intruders. The recorded message plays along repeatedly as long as the
motion sensor detects any form of obstruction.
(v) The information collected by the camera in form of live streaming or images is
stored in the system for image processing or in case an intrusion forensic needs to
be conducted at the home.
A recorded voice message is played through the speakers connected when a moving object
is detected.
Using MATLAB software, the audiowrite() function is implemented to record an audio which
becomes the alert message for the system. In this project, the alert message had already been pre-
recorded using the wav software on Windows or the online resource in preparation for the system
design.
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