Health Promotion

This report discusses the effects of socio-economic factors on health, the relevance of government resources on inequalities in health, barriers to accessing healthcare, the links between government strategies and models of health promotion, the role of professionals in health and social care, and the importance of routines in promoting healthy living. It also includes a health promotion campaign to support government objectives in health and social care.

Health Promotion

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1 ...........................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Explanation of the effects of socio-economic factors on Peter and Sarah’s health..............4
1.2 Assessment of the relevance of government resources on inequalities in health.................5
1.3 Discuss the reason and any possible barriers to Peter and Sarah accessing health care.......5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
2.1 Analysis of the links between government strategies and models of health promotion ......6
2.2 Explanation of the role that the different professionals in health and social care ................7
2.3 Discussion on the role of routines in promoting healthy living ...........................................8
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
3.1 Identification of the theories of health behaviour and explanation on health beliefs are
translated into behaviour.............................................................................................................9
3.2 Discussion on the possible effects of potential conflicts with the local industry on health
promotion....................................................................................................................................9
3.3 Explanation of the importance of providing relevant health related information to the
public ........................................................................................................................................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
4.1 Health promotion campaign................................................................................................11
4.2 Explanation of the health promotion campaign supports health promotion strategies.......12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Care of health is an essential part of a life to survive in the life and perform all of the
responsibilities and activities (Arcila and et. al., 2011). Many of the organisations are working in
this sector to manage the health of people and to provide remedies on the disease. Health
promotions is a responsibility of the government and as well as huge structured organisations.
The present report is based on the Sarah and Peter belongs to Sudan and recently living in the
care home, they are refugee and Peter is having type 2 Diabetes so he is having a need of the
special care. This report has included about the socio economic culture and it's impact on the
health of the Peter and Sarah. Government is having some plans and strategies for these people,
this report is having included about the models of health promotion which can be used by
government. Different factors which are affecting on the health are included in it in the following
report and at the last it is having health promotion campaign to support government to attain their
objectives in health and social care.
TASK 1
1.1 Explanation of the effects of socio-economic factors on Peter and Sarah’s health
Peter and Sarah have a really social life this is analysed by their drinking and smoking
habits. And their children too do not stay with them. They have 6 children this is because Peter
do not believe in family planning. Both of them are suffering from one or many disease which is
a sign that they are not concerned about their health. Here the socio-economic factors which
influence them are -
 CULTURE: Due to the culture in the family of Peter they didn't have done family
planning which is resulting in their health issues. Being healthy is concerned with the
proper planning of the diet and living. So this lacks in the lifestyle of Peter and Sarah.
 FACILITIES: The country provides health and care due to which they have a lenient
attitude towards working (Tracy and et. al., 2013). Sometimes the facilities are a threat to
country as well because the people become less active and they think that they will get
the facilities whether they work or not.
 CHILDREN: Having so many children is a issue for both of them. They have 6 children
which is a major issue for their health because having a baby is disturbing all your body

and body need to recover that time of pain for a time to be normal if this do not happen
than it can result in health issues.
 HABITS: Drinking and smoking are not good habits because if you are not well than you
need to take care of your body which PETER and SARAH are not keen about.
Influenced by some habits like smoking and drinking is also not good for their health.
 CARE: They are careless about their health and they do not care about being fit or well
(Tosolini and et. al., 2011). Body demands care and day to day maintenance which lack
in Peter and Sarah's life.
1.2 Assessment of the relevance of government resources on inequalities in health
Health inequalities are the determinants that shows the distribution of health aids in the
society are differently divided and the facilities vary from places to places, person to person etc.
Like the poor living in poor areas are not provided good health facilities whereas the rich get up
to date facilities. In UK the people who live in poor areas dies earlier that those of living in rich
areas. The unskilled worker die because of cancer. So the government is investing in the health
of the people because there is a huge loss to the country when a worker die because of health
issues (Thoits, 2011). It effects the economy as well as the country's growth. Creating happier
and healthier environment is the main focus of the government. The major issue related to health
inequalities lie under the economical factors which are basically related to the income of the
people.
Here, in this study Peter and Sarah do not earn and are dependent on the government
facilities which states that they are lying under the criteria of the inequalities which can also be a
resin for their inappropriate health. They are poor and live in the poor area so there are least
chances for them to get the good facilities related to health (Patel and et. al., 2010.). Peter and
Sarah are refuge too they can also face the inequality of the citizen and refugee.
1.3 Discuss the reason and any possible barriers to Peter and Sarah accessing health care
Accessing to health care in a country where you have migrated recently from another
country is itself a major barrier to its facility but the facility can be gained you just need to be
more keen toward getting it and you have to face many challenges while approaching for it
which may be a long journey and difficult too but not impossible. The possible barriers which
Peter and Sarah may face while having health care are-

 REFUGEE: As they are refugee they may face acceptance problem by the countries
facilities department. And the department of hospitality aid may not give them as
importance as they give to the citizens of the country.
 INEQUALITY OF INCOME: Peter and Sarah are poor so the may face the
economical inequalities as well because in UK the more concentration is on high income
group. They may not be provided as good services as the rich income group people which
would be a threat to their life.
 OLDAGE: The age factor also plays an important role in getting the services of health
(Baggett and et. al., 2010). As a person grows older and older the chances of getting sick
are more so their might be a lot of people who are of the same age group and getting
health issues which are more than one and they need to examine more specifically so the
facilities are delayed by the facility provider as their a lot of same kind of issues.
 DEPENDENT: Peter and Sarah are dependent on someone as one of them has high
diabetes and one is suffering from high depression which is a major issue of them to be
dependent on someone for their aid facilities as they can't earn for themselves and need
someone who can take care of them.
All the above are the major barriers which may lead to Peter and Sarah while they are
approaching to get the health facilities there can be many more such issues which Peter and
Sarah can face other than these but eventually they will overcome every barrier to reach the
destination.
TASK 2
2.1 Analysis of the links between government strategies and models of health promotion
Health promotion in any country is necessary to retain the public and human resource of
the country which may result in further growth and development of the country. The government
is working a lot on this sector to promote health care (Munn-Giddings and Winter, 2013.). And
we can describe it in relation with the Beattie's model of health and promotion which focus on
using different tools and agencies to promote health and care as under -
 Health Persuasion: These techniques are mostly used by the government. They aim at
protecting the health of the communities as well as the individuals. The government
persuades the people of the country to be healthy and take care of their body.

 Legislative Action: These are the rules and regulations which are set by the government
of the country related to health and which are to be followed by the individuals and
communities (Marziali, McCleary and Streiner, 2010.).
 Personal Counselling: The communities and individuals are given personal assessment
about health care which may help them to have a proper treatment and care of their body
these are used by the the individuals of the country who works for the health and care
facility for the government and the people of the country. They can be helpful in to the
people who are addicted to drinking and smoking and needs aid in that field.
 Community Development: They are some association and communities which are
formed to give awareness about health care in the country which may help the people.
These are mainly operated by the professionals who work on a specific project.
The government is continuously working upon this sector in UK to maintain the health efficiency
to the citizen of the country (Marmot and et. al., 2012). Peter and Sarah should get all the details
of the facilities provided by the government and can avail them.
2.2 Explanation of the role that the different professionals in health and social care
Peter and Sarah are very disease prone and they both are suffering from one or the other
disease which is a drawback for them in comparison to their age. They are liquor and smoke
consumers which is the major concentration of government to alter it from the country. So in this
context the major concentration would be on making them prone to smoking and drinking. The
government is taking many steps to do this and they include -
 PROMOTION: The promotion and advertising of the tobacco related product are
banned. The tobacco company cannot promote its product via any means of promotion.
 TAXES: The rate of taxes are very high which are imposed on the tobacco products and
high checking so that the smuggling and black businesses can be finished. Heavy taxes
will make the producer to set high prices of cigarettes due to which people who have less
money would buy it in less amount than usual (Kuo, Mac Bird and Tilford, 2011).
 ANTI-SMOKING CAMPAIGNS: These are initiated by the government where people
are told about effects of the smoking, preventing young generation from taking up
smoking, motivating the smokers to quit smoking etc.

 E-CIGRATTES- This helps the smoker to quit smoking. This is a type of cigarette
which is less harmful than the original one and by this slowly slowly the effect of
smoking minimizes.
 NOT ALLOWED- Smoking is banned in almost each and every public place and all the
workplaces. This will help in having less smokers.
In all these activities the Department of Health are continuously working to have a safe and
healthy environment under all the circumstances (Kuo and et. al., 2012). These all the major
steps which can be related to Peter and Sarah health issues and can help them to quit smoking
and have a healthy lifestyle.
2.3 Discussion on the role of routines in promoting healthy living
A healthy routine is a key to have yourself on a safer side to develop a shield to fight
against disease. If we have a healthy routine like – walking in the morning, eating healthy food,
sleeping on time, doing exercise daily and all the good habits which may lead us to a happy and
easy going life and this may increase the possibility of living more than the unhealthy person. In
relation to Peter and Sarah they need to take care of themselves a lot (Korda and Itani, 2013).
First of all they didn't planned their family due to which major of problems are faced by both of
them which is the cause of their dependency on someone for no reason but they are not fit.
Second they are alcoholic and smokers which is a very major and critical aspect that they might
fell ill more in future which is way to their unhealthiness so they should make a control over this
habit so as to have a better life. Third they have been migrated from a country to other country so
they may face many problems in culture, health and all the other factors which enables a person
get settled in an environment these things can cause health issues like not getting sleep, not
eating appropriate food etc. Fourth both of them needs to be aware about the health and other
factors which needs to be acknowledged by a person who is suffering from anything or any
disease what all precautions and what all measures are to be taken in terms of improving health.
Improving a daily routine habits and adding up walk exercise and healthy eating may lead to a
good lifestyle and can improve health of a person (Kirmayer and et. al., 2011). Taking care of
yourself is done by you first than it is done by someone else so Peter and Sarah also need to take
care of all the above factors.

TASK 3
3.1 Identification of the theories of health behaviour and explanation on health beliefs are
translated into behaviour
Health beliefs are the standards or the goals about how the health of a person should be to
be able to have a compatible health (Hodge and Horvath, 2011). To achieve the goals there is a
process the change model which can be used to achieve the goal of a ideal health. Every model
have some steps that are to be followed and they are -
 PRECONTEMPLATION- Here, the routine of the person who is not following the
health safety measures do not think that it needs to be changed. They are comfortable and
do not find anything inappropriate in the routine they follow. For eg: smoking will be
considered okay by the one who has started recently doing it.
 CONTEMPLATION- In this stage people have the feeling of changing the behaviour
and feel that the anti-health activity they are doing should be boycotted. For eg: a smoker
thinks of quitting smoking to improve health.
 PREPARATION- In this step the person makes an attempt to change the behaviour and
study about pros and cons of the health (Györffy and et. al., 2010). For eg: a smoker uses
e cigarettes to quit smoking.
 ACTION- Necessary steps are taken to avoid the temptations of unhealthier practices.
For eg: smoker has quitted smoking and have proper control over themselves.
 MAINTENANCE- In this step the health maintaining target and the ideal goal is
achieved and the person is successful in avoiding every ill temptations. For eg: smoking
is quitted by a smoker and have control over the behaviour of not smoking.
These all the function can help a person to achieve the health goals. If a person is unhealthy or
have any of bad habits than the starting can be from feeling of changing it and in end executing
the change. This model can help Peter and Sarah as well to quit smoking and drinking.
3.2 Discussion on the possible effects of potential conflicts with the local industry on health
promotion
The promotion of health may lead to various problems to the industries of liquor,
tobacco, and food (Gleghorn and et. al., 2010). All the three industries have to follow the rules
and regulation made by the government to promote health and making more and more people

aware of it. An industry operates on some plans and policies which are to be revised according to
the changes in the external or internal environment. So when the Department Of Health promotes
about health the company producing the product has to change it according to the health because
people are more keen about their health nowadays. These three industries also face many
problems and they vary in each one of them. They are -
 TOBACCO INDUSTRIES- During the promotion of health people become more
aware about the effect of the tobacco. So they try to change the habit or try to boycott it
completely (Erdley, Anklam and Reardon, 2014). Due to tobacco's negative effect the
government banned its promotion and heavy taxes are imposed on its retailing in the
market by which companies dealing in tobacco's product faces problem and this may
cause a conflict.
 ALCOHOL INDUSTRIES- Health promotion make people more health conscious so
they avoid liquor because it damages the liver. And government imposes heavy tax on the
sale of alcohol as well and some country do not allow to promote it which is a really big
issue for the industries and may cause conflict.
 FOOD INDUSTRIES- Food industry have to produce more quality effective products
and have to take care of hygiene because after the awareness people look after all the
ingredients available in the product and want those products which are rich in nutrients
and provide maximum benefit to the health of a person.
All the above problems are faced by the three industries which may cause a feeling of conflicts
because their business gets affected by the promotion of health. And they face a lot of hurdles to
promote their business which increases the cost of business as well.
3.3 Explanation of the importance of providing relevant health related information to the public
The Health Department of government works completely on the promotion of health
amongst the people and their main focus is on making maximum number of the people healthier
(Epstein and et. al., 2010). And to have force of healthy human resource it is compulsory to
spread the information about good health and promotion of good health is necessary. Their are
many more such points which can be stated why promotion of health is important and they are -
 HEALTHY PEOPLE- If the people are made aware about their health they will surely
look towards it and will follow the measures to be healthy. And if a country have healthy
people than its human resource is better than any other human resource in the world.

 BETTER ENVIRONMENT- No smoking in public places and drink and drive is
allowed is a very good example of maintaining a healthy environment which is pollution
as well as threat free for the people who are living there (Edwards and et. al., 2010).
People feel safe and protected which lead a country to its best position.
 IMPROVEMENT- It is obvious due to health improvement their will be increase in the
countries everything we can take any sector if there are healthy people than their will be
improvement and better conditions to live and sustain. The future will be much less
riskier and smooth.
 DEVELOPMENT- The development of a country depends on its people so it is clear if
the people of the country are healthier and safe than the country will grow and develop
to a really good path. People will lead the country to its peak. The key to development is
the human resource.
 SAFETY AND SECURITY- Improving health is improving safety and security of more
happier and healthier life of a person which everyone dreams of and by this people of the
country are very confident of the country they are living in which provides them a lot of
facilities related to health improvement.
TASK 4
4.1 Health promotion campaign
It is essential for the Department of the Health to promote health in those organisations
which are having to increase health awareness in the work place. The Department of the Health
is having focus to improve health of the employees which are working in the multinational
companies and here is health promotion campaign is given for GSK which is a pharmaceuticals
company. This health promotion campaign is having focus on the obesity which is big issue for
the society and as well as for the organisations also. So they have to make a proper procedure for
the health promotion campaign, an example is given under here which can be used by them;
Aims: They are having aim to control obesity of the people in the work place and aware people
about it.
Objectives: By this campaign Department of the Health has to set a point of view in employees
that obesity is unhealthy and dangerous for them.
Each and every employee have to be in one year in between the 18.5 to 24.9 BMI index.

Strategies:
Posters: Department of the Health can provide posters to employees which give a message on
the obesity.
Video clips: Health promotion department can show a video clip which motivates to employees
to reduce their extra fat.
Motivational speech: Motivational speakers can be arranged by the health department which can
motivates them to put down their weight.
Resources:
Finance: Different activities have to be performed in this so it is essential element to execute
these activities. Posters, video clips and motivational speakers are the main factors which have
huge need of the investment. Around £ 3000 can be invest on this campaign.
Human resources: Doctors team, nutritious experts, machines operators, supports boys are the
main needs in the human resources.
Machines: Weight machine, projector, speakers and mic are the main needs in the technical
equipment.
Target: Front line employees, employees of the manufacturing units are the main target.
Needs: They are having huge need to gain the fitness and reduce the extra weight.
Support of higher authorities: They have to take permission and take authority for the
campaign.
Involvement of people: Employees, managers and health care adviser has to be involved in this
to make a better campaigning.
Identification of resources: People, equipments and financial needs has to define in this, list of
the required resources have to give to management (Care Quality Commission, 2012.).
Communication plan: To make communication with the targeted audiences has to be planned so
they have to make an effective communication medium for it like; speakers, PPT, multimedia
and video presentation etc.
Implementation: Works has to be divided in to team by which they can better implement their
plan to make a successful campaign.
Evaluation: Department of Health has to make an evaluation of the campaign by taking
feedbacks of the targeted employees.

4.2 Explanation of the health promotion campaign supports health promotion strategies
Health promotion campaign are having potentials to increase the awareness of the
targeted audience on a particular issues by which the can improve the health of the people. Some
of the points are here to explain the support of the health promotion campaign in the health
promotion strategies:
Creating supportive environments: A health promotion campaign in the organisation always
supports to the management to make a healthy environment in the organisation. Health
promotions are having objectives which can help to the organisation to make a better activities
on the issues faced by the organisation. So most of the time a health promotion campaign helps
to the organisation to increase the awareness of the employees on a particular health related issue
and problem faced by them in the work place.
Building healthy public policy: Management of the organisation is responsible to make an
effective health policy for the employees, so these health campaigns support to the management
to make attain their objectives (Buykx and et. al., 2010). Most of the health campaigns are based
on the health policy and these supports to maintain the health level and performance of the
employees.
Most of the campaigns are based on the health policy and it is developed by the
management so these helps to the organisation to attain their health related objectives and cure
the health of the targeted audience.
CONCLUSION
The above presented report has been concluded about the health promotions in the organisations
which are having need to improve the health awareness of the employees. Most of the
organisations are using models to increase their effectiveness in the health promotion
campaigning. Sarah and Peter are people which are highly influenced on their health by the socio
economic factors, so it is essential for the government to make an effective planning and strategy
for these types of people which can help to improve their health.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Arcila, M. E., and et. al., 2011. Rebiopsy of lung cancer patients with acquired resistance to
EGFR inhibitors and enhanced detection of the T790M mutation using a locked nucleic
acid-based assay. Clinical Cancer Research. 17(5). pp.1169-1180.
Baggett, T. P., and et. al., 2010. The unmet health care needs of homeless adults: a national
study. American journal of public health. 100(7). pp.1326-1333.
Breitbart, W., and et. al., 2010. Meaning‐centered group psychotherapy for patients with
advanced cancer: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Psycho‐Oncology, 19(1), pp.21-
28.
Buykx, P., and et. al., 2010. Systematic review of effective retention incentives for health
workers in rural and remote areas: Towards evidence‐based policy. Australian Journal
of Rural Health. 18(3). pp.102-109.
Care Quality Commission, 2012. The state of health care and adult social care in England in
2011/12 (Vol. 763). The Stationery Office.
Edwards, A., and et. al., 2010. Review: The understanding of spirituality and the potential role of
spiritual care in end-of-life and palliative care: a meta-study of qualitative research.
Palliative Medicine. 24(8). pp.753-770.
England, M. J., and et. al., 2012. Epilepsy across the spectrum: Promoting health and
understanding.: A summary of the Institute of Medicine report. Epilepsy & Behavior.
25(2). pp.266-276.
Epstein, R. M., and et. al., 2010. Why the nation needs a policy push on patient-centered health
care. Health Affairs. 29(8). pp.1489-1495.
Erdley, S. D., Anklam, D. D. and Reardon, C. C., 2014. Breaking barriers and building bridges:
Understanding the pervasive needs of older LGBT adults and the value of social work
in health care. Journal of gerontological social work. 57(2-4). pp.362-385.
Gleghorn, J. P., and et. al., 2010. Capture of circulating tumor cells from whole blood of prostate
cancer patients using geometrically enhanced differential immunocapture (GEDI) and a
prostate-specific antibody. Lab on a chip. 10(1). pp.27-29.
Györffy, B., and et. al., 2010. An online survival analysis tool to rapidly assess the effect of
22,277 genes on breast cancer prognosis using microarray data of 1,809 patients. Breast
cancer research and treatment. 123(3). pp.725-731.
Hodge, D. R. and Horvath, V. E., 2011. Spiritual needs in health care settings: A qualitative
meta-synthesis of clients' perspectives. Social Work. 56(4). pp.306-316.
Kirmayer, L. J., and et. al., 2011. Common mental health problems in immigrants and refugees:
general approach in primary care. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 183(12).
pp.E959-E967.
Korda, H. and Itani, Z., 2013. Harnessing social media for health promotion and behavior
change. Health promotion practice. 14(1). pp.15-23.
Kuo, D. Z., and et. al., 2012. Family-centered care: current applications and future directions in
pediatric health care. Maternal and child health journal. 16(2). pp.297-305.
Kuo, D. Z., Mac Bird, T. and Tilford, J. M., 2011. Associations of family-centered care with
health care outcomes for children with special health care needs. Maternal and child
health journal. 15(6). pp.794-805.

Marmot, M., and et. al., 2012. WHO European review of social determinants of health and the
health divide. The Lancet. 380(9846). pp.1011-1029.
Marziali, E., McCleary, L. and Streiner, D. L., 2010. Evaluation of an assessment battery for
estimating dementia caregiver needs for health and social care services. American
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®. 25(5). pp.446-454.
Munn-Giddings, C. and Winter, R., 2013. A handbook for action research in health and social
care. Routledge.
Patel, K. R., and et. al., 2010. Clinical pharmacology of resveratrol and its metabolites in
colorectal cancer patients. Cancer research. 70(19). pp.7392-7399.
Thoits, P. A., 2011. Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental
health. Journal of health and social behavior, 52(2), pp.145-161.
Tosolini, M., and et. al., 2011. Clinical impact of different classes of infiltrating T cytotoxic and
helper cells (Th1, th2, treg, th17) in patients with colorectal cancer. Cancer research.
71(4). pp.1263-1271.
Tracy, C. S., and et. al., 2013. The IMPACT clinic innovative model of interprofessional primary
care for elderly patients with complex health care needs. Canadian Family Physician.
59(3). pp.e148-e155.
World Health Organization, 2012. Dementia: a public health priority. World Health
Organization.
Online
Disability Discrimination Act (DDA). 2016. [Online]. Available through:
<http://www.rnib.org.uk/information-everyday-living-your-rights/disability-
discrimination-act-dda>. [Accessed on 4 May 2017].
What is the Equality Act?. 2017. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/equality-act-2010/what-equality-act>.
[Accessed on 4 May 2017].