A Review of Sexual Health Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual : Essay
Added on 2020-03-23
6 Pages1908 Words69 Views
0Introduction to SexualityStudies
1Student ID:Name:Topic: Sexual HealthLesbians, gay men, and bisexuals (LGBs) people are divided into various parts according to their characteristics such as age, gender, culture, race, caste, income, and residential status. Even being considerably different from each other, most LGB people face similar stressful circumstances throughout the world, such as discrimination, humiliation, rejection, prejudice, and violence (Jetten et al. 2001). This essay will examine various stressors meet by LGB people over the world due to their sexuality. The essay will analyse two readings, first by Ilan H. Meyer & Mary E. Northridge (2007), 242-267, called “The health of sexual minorities: Public health perspectives on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender populations.” The second reading is by Meredith J. Greif & F. Nii-Amoo Dodoo(2015), 57-66, called “How community physical, structural, and social stressors relate to mental health in the urban slums of Accra, Ghana.” The key issues of these reading are relating to the stress faced by LGB people due to their sexuality and its impact on their mental health. Further, the essay will analyse the use of sexuality as a primary analytical category and the psychological problems faced by homosexuals, such as impaired self-image and dissatisfaction with their sexuality, because they are treated with denigration or contempt.According to Meyer & Northridge (2007), the LGB people are more likely to suffer mental stress which leads to affective disorders, substance use, and suicide. The developing countries are facing challenges relating to urban health; much research has suggested that poor communities in developing countries are suffering from diseases such as diabetes, respiratory illness, and premature death. Depression is one of the primary contributors to increasing illness in between impoverished communities’ worldwide (Bird et al. 2010). Further, the issues are relating to use of sexuality as a central analytical category. The essay will provide various arguments regarding cultural sensitivity for different sexuality perspective and discuss the ethical values and cultural competence required for a productive global citizen. The reason for using sexuality as an analytical category is because there is lackof government policies to protect homosexual peoples from prejudice and mental problems. Meyer & Northridge (2007) provided in his study that there are particular individualities of minority identity that may be influenced by the stress factors and health
2outcomes. The minority identities might relate to the mental health caused due to interaction with different stressors. The study suggested that substantial commitment to gay character may increase the influence of stressor which is connected with homosexuality. Meyer & Northridge (2007) divided the personality into three parts and provided the individual impact of stressors. The prominence identify may exacerbate the level of homosexuality stress because they are significantly committed towards their status; it augments the effects of the stressor. The valences identities are focused more on self-validation, negative valence are vulnerable towards mental health issues. As per Meyer & Dean (1998), while suffering from anti-gay violence issues, positive valence gay men fared better than negative valence gay men. Integration of identity means a combination of different minority identities, as per the research of Crawford et al. (2002); the integration type of personality is related to high positive effects.Meyer (2002) suggested LGB minority stress model which combined the factors regarding stress discussed in this study, the essential parts of this model are coping, genetic backgrounds, personalities, and appraisals. The model provides that minority stress processes include prejudice events against sexualities, the expectancy of denial & discrimination, internalised homophobia, and various other stress-ameliorating factors. As per Greif & Dodoo (2015), in the case of poor communities in developing countries, there are several urban contexts which adversely influence the mental health of minorities. The elements such as disorder in the city, social conditions, substance abuse, and depression are the critical factors in mental illness of poor community peoples. The result of Greif & Dodoo (2015) study provided that people suffered powerlessness more than depression, the issues of people include poverty, unemployment, and poor sanitation. The healthcare policies established by the government did not provide proper remedies relating to depression of poor communities. According to Williamson (2000), these factors influence the mental health of LGB people because there is lack of government disciplinary procedures against the issue. The LGB people face discrimination and prejudice throughout their life, the study of Meyer & Northridge (2007) provided that LGB is more likely to suffer from a prejudice event as compared to heterosexual peoples, such as firing from job, discrimination and violate due to their sexuality. Most of the ethical communities did not accept LGB people, and there is lack of government regulations for their protections. These factors adversely affect the mental health of LGB people while leading to higher suicide and psychological problems rates. For increasing the development in urban countries, the government overlooks the health of poor
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