Gender and Crime Annotated Bibliography

This annotated bibliography includes studies on gang association, victim gender, criminological gender research, racial inequalities in the justice system, and gender issues in juvenile justice. The research findings indicate that there are limited dissimilarities between girls and boys when it comes to risk factors linked with gang association and results linked with gang participation. Additionally, criminals who had victimized women were given longer sentences as compared to the ones who had victimized men. The study also evaluates the differential impact when it comes to the admission of males and females to training and detention schools concerning the total population of the available youths.

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Running head: GENDER AND CRIME ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Gender and crime Annotated Bibliography
Name
Institution Affiliation

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GENDER AND CRIME ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Gender and crime Annotated Bibliography
Bell, K. (2017). Gender and Gangs. Crime & Delinquency, 55(3), 363-387. DOI:
10.1177/0011128707306017
The study draws from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to clarify whether
females and males differ when it comes to risk factors linked with gang association. The authors
integrate theory and studies from social control, social disorganization, as well as feminist views
regarding delinquency/crime. From the research, limited dissimilarities are found between girls
and boys when it comes to risk factors linked with gang association and results linked with gang
participation. as an alternative, the study establishes that parental social management,
involvement and attachment; age, race, peer fighting and the safety of the school are similar
factors that influence girls and boys in gang participation. This study has played a crucial role in
enabling me to understand the key factors that influence males' and females' participation and
involvement in a gang.
Curry, T., Lee, G., & Rodriguez, S. (2016). Does Victim Gender Increase Sentence Severity?
Further Explorations of Gender Dynamics and Sentencing Outcomes. Crime &
Delinquency, 50(3), 319-343. DOI: 10.1177/0011128703256265
Curry, Lee & Rodriguez (2016), conducted this research to determine whether the gender of a
victim increases the severity of the sentence. The researchers used data of criminals who had
been convicted of three brutal crimes in 1991, within the seven biggest counties in Texas. The
authors found out that criminals who had victimized women were given longer sentences as
compared to the ones who had victimized men. However, the research didn't make observations
on whether there is any criminal who received a nonincarcerated or incarcerated sentence. The

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GENDER AND CRIME ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
researcher addresses the insinuations of their findings for the subsequent study and theory. The
study has enabled me to understand the impact of victimizing a female as compared to a male.
Houge, A., Lohne, K., & Skilbrei, M. (2015). Gender and crime revisited: criminological gender
research on international and transnational crime and crime control. Journal Of Scandinavian
Studies In Criminology And Crime Prevention, 16(2), 160-174. DOI:
10.1080/14043858.2015.1045730
Houge, Lohne & Skilbrei (2015) conducted research evaluating the link between gender and
crime. The journal article makes exploration of the need for and scope of criminology research
agenda and precisely stresses on the significant value of criminological means in analyzing
dynamics of power in transnational and international crimes and associated legal strategies. The
journal focuses on conflict-linked human trafficking and sexual violence to demonstrate the
composition of such a criminological advance. The research conducted here is extensive and
applies both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. Houge, Lohne & Skilbrei (2015)
found out that criminology plays a crucial role in understanding and furthering global authority
structures, and propose vital questions that such research can entail. The research is useful to my
study because it has enabled me to understand the role of global power structures in crime
control in both men and women.

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GENDER AND CRIME ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Nooruddin, I. (2017). Blind Justice: “Seeing” Race and Gender in Cases of Violent Crime.
Politics And Gender, 3(03). DOI: 10.1017/s1743923x07000293
Nooruddin (2017), conducted research on racial inequalities in the justice system, predominantly
as they are linked to the death penalty, which has received augmenting public and scholarly
inquiry recently. The research was conducted to mainly comprehend the ways that the sex of a
victim affects the decision of the court in violent crimes. The research further extends the inquiry
line to capture how the judicial system handles females accused of slaying their spouses or
nonspousal close partners. Nooruddin (2017) presents a theoretical structure that portrays the
brunt of sexual stratification and intersectionality on shaping the results of female defendants in
brutal crimes. The author utilizes original data on homicide cases particularly from Oakland,
between 1986 and 1988 in this research, to test the insinuations attained from these structures.
The author finds out that females were convicted more often as compared to males, and there
exists an interactive impact with race. The study has enabled me to understand how conviction
varies for males and females when it comes to violent crimes.
Sarri, R. (2017). Gender Issues in Juvenile Justice. Crime & Delinquency, 29(3), 381-397. DOI:
10.1177/001112878302900304
The research evaluates the differential impact when it comes to the admission of males and
females to training and detention schools concerning the total population of the available youths.
The findings show that there is a differential response from society. Additionally, the findings
indicate that there is variability in the incidence of delinquency in males and females. The
research employs data from high school youths which are based on a self-report study. The
authors further affirm that attachment to normative institutions as well as parents is a crucial

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restraint on delinquency behavior, however, the boding varies when it comes to male and female
interactions. Therefore, both intervention and delinquency theories have to consider gender as a
significant variable. This study has enabled me to understand that delinquency is different in
males and females, and it is further influenced by attachment.