This article explores the different perspectives on defining crime, including sociology, legislation, and human rights. It discusses how crime can be defined as an offense that violates laws, human rights, or cultural norms. It also examines the concept of criminal responsibility and the balance between the rights of citizens and the police during investigations. Additionally, it discusses the emergence of new institutions that have expanded conventional forms of police investigation. Lastly, it explores the function and importance of discretion in the criminal justice system.