Data communication : 5G Mobile Networks

Running head: 5G MOBILE NETWORKS
5G Mobile Networks
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note:

1
5G MOBILE NETWORKS
Table of Contents
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................2
2. Discussion..............................................................................................................................2
2.1 Knowledge and Understanding of 5G Mobile Network..................................................2
2.2 Discussion, Examination and Analysis of Different underpinning Network
Technologies and Applications of 5G Mobile Network........................................................3
2.4 Evaluation of Technology for 5G Mobile Network.........................................................5
3. Conclusion..............................................................................................................................8
References................................................................................................................................10

2
5G MOBILE NETWORKS
1. Introduction
Data communication refers to the proper exchange of data within a specific source
and receiver through certain form of transmission medium like wire cable (Nordrum 2016).
This data communication is also referred to as local, when the communicating devices remain
in the same building or in a similar constricted geographical location. Different techniques for
data communications are being utilized in a widespread manner for gaining better features
and options. Several data communication jargons are present for contending with different
aspects, like baud rates, modems, routers, TCP/IP, LAN, WAN for selecting the
communication systems (Ge et al. 2016). The following report outlines a brief discussion on
5G mobile networks, after discussing about different network technologies as well as
applications and properly evaluating the technology in an effective manner.
2. Discussion
2.1 Knowledge and Understanding of 5G Mobile Network
5G is referred to as the 5th generation wireless technology for digitalized cellular
network, which started its proper deployment within the year of 2019. After considering the
past standards, different covered area is being sub distributed into various regions, known as
cells that are serviced by every antenna (Alliance 2015). The most significant
telecommunication service provider is responsible for implementing these antennas. The
frequency spectra of this 5G is sub classified into several millimetre waves, low bands and
middle bands. The lower band utilizes a specific range of frequency as its predecessor of 4G.
The millimetre waves of 5G is referred to as the fastest service that has an actual speed of 1
to 2 GB per second. These frequencies are more than 24 GHz that reach up to 72 GHz that is
more than the lower boundary of the range of extremely high frequency of band (Simsek et
al. 2016). Since the total reach is shorter, there is no requirement of extra cells within it. The

3
5G MOBILE NETWORKS
millimetre waves have major difficulty in travelling through several dense walls and hence
the indoor coverage is restricted.
The middle band of 5G is the most widely implemented for more than twenty
networks and it comprises of total speed of 100 MHz wide band. The frequencies are being
deployed from 2.4 GHz to 4.2 GHz. The low band of 5G network eventually offers same
capacity to the advanced 4G connection and different low band services are being launched
(Hu et al. 2015). 5G network is expected to elevate the mobile network for not only inter
connecting the people, but also for inter connecting as well as controlling the machines,
devices and objects. It would even deliver newer levels of performances and effectiveness,
which would empower the new experiences of users, so that new industries are connected
successfully.
This particular mobile network would also deliver multi GB per second peak rates,
high capacities, more uniform and better user experiences and ultra-low latency. Few of the
most significant and important services and benefits are provided by this 5G connection,
which involve improved mobile broadband connection, mission critical communication,
massive IoT as well as a defining ability of this 5G for understanding the designing of the
forward compatibility (Agiwal, Roy and Saxena 2016). The core capability of scaling down
within the rates of data, mobility and power is required to be provided for ensuring low cost
and lean solutions. Different technologies of 5G are present that ensure that better
effectiveness and efficiency for the users.
2.2 Discussion, Examination and Analysis of Different underpinning Network
Technologies and Applications of 5G Mobile Network
There are various significant and important network technologies present and used for
the fifth generation mobile network. These technologies are being utilized for better power

4
5G MOBILE NETWORKS
supply, so that maximum effectiveness and efficiency is gained without much complexity
(Ding, Peng and Poor 2015). It is the account of all transformations, transportation, and
dispersal as well as storage technologies. This type of technology is the major utilization of
different connected systems either through optic cables, wireless connection and satellites
towards relaying of several resources, communication and data in different parts of the entire
world. The most significant and noteworthy technologies include PAN, LAN, WLAN, CAN,
MAN, WAN, SAN, POLAN, EPN and VAN (Gupta and Jha 2015).
5G mobile network utilizes several spectrum bands like millimetre wave radio
spectrum that could carry out large amount of data for a shorter distance. The major
drawback of these high frequencies include they get easily obstructed by different walls and
treats. The solutions of 5G technology is responsible for providing faster download speed as
well as lower latency (Wong 2017). These new advances in the network could be easily
provided for signal processing, antenna technology and chips, which would be enabling the
next generation of mobile connectivity. An array of this specific technology would underpin
the futuristic wireless communication. The first component is millimetre wave that is
broadcast at frequencies within 30 GHz and 300 GHz.
The new networks of 5G have the ability of transmitting large data amounts. It would
also work in lower frequencies and unlicensed frequencies that are being utilized by Wi-Fi.
The second component is small cell. It is a low powered portable base station, which could be
placed in the entire city (Cai et al. 2017). Different carriers could install several small cells
for forming a dense and multi faceted infrastructure. The low profile antennas of small cells
make them unremarkable, however the sheer numbers make it quite problematic to set up in
the rural areas. 5G technology even allows the base station for supporting several antennas
than the 4G base stations for maximization of speed and efficiency. Beamforming is an
efficient data delivery route to several individual users. The major applications of 5G mobile

5
5G MOBILE NETWORKS
network include high speed, entertainment and multimedia and enabling IoT or internet of
things, such as smart home, autonomous driving, logistics and shipping, industrial IoT and
many more (Li, Da Xu and Zhao 2018). In spite of having these advantages, there are few
vulnerabilities and threats that are required to be eradicated for ensuring maximum efficiency
in the network and these distinct vulnerabilities of 5G mobile network are provided in the
following paragraphs:
i) Identification Attack: The first and the foremost type of attack in 5G network is
identification attack. Such attacks eventually allow a specific adversary in discovering
different devices over the mobile network as well as reveal the most significant
characteristics of software and hardware and even for the applications that are running over
these distinctive features.
ii) Bidding down Attack: The second important and significant type of attack in 5G
network is the bidding down attack. These attacks are responsible for hijacking the
capabilities of the device, which are exposed over the air interface of LTE and then
successfully degrade the rate of data of any specific device from 27 MB per second to 3.7
MB per second (Hossain and Hasan 2015). They even further deny different services of
VoLTE or Voice over LTE to the subscribers of LTE as well as downgrade them to 2G and
3G networks. These could be extremely vulnerable for the users and thee network services
would be affected majorly.
iii) Battery Draining Attack: Another distinctive and noteworthy type of attack in 5G
network is the battery draining attack. These attacks subsequently target different devices of
LTE M and NB IoT for the core purpose of breaking down the respective capabilities of
power saving as well as draining the battery life five times faster than the expected and
desired life time.

6
5G MOBILE NETWORKS
2.4 Evaluation of Technology for 5G Mobile Network
This type of communication also aims at proper transferring of data as well as better
maintenance of this data in the entire procedure to generate information at the source and
receiver (Yang et al. 2015). The system of data communication might collect the data from
several remote locations through different circuits of data transmission and then check the
outputs for processing through the remote locations. Moreover, proper connection is
established and maintained, as soon as two specified network nodes require to communicate
amongst one another. Proper security and privacy of data is being prevailed within several
packages of communication software, so that data accessibility is prevented from any type of
unauthorized access.
Figure 1: Eight Specifications of 5G Network
(Source: Agiwal, Roy and Saxena 2016)

7
5G MOBILE NETWORKS
The entire technology of 5G mobile networks is highly advanced and will be
providing some of the most significant advantages and benefits for ensuring that better
execution of processes is done without much complexity (Dai et al. 2015). Eight distinct
technological aspects and features of this 5G mobile network for effective evaluation are
provided in the following paragraphs:
i) The first and the foremost technological aspect of 5G mobile network is that the
rate of data is up to 10 GB per second. As a result, the improvement over 4G and 4.5G
networks increase over 10 times to 100 times.
ii) The second important and significant technological aspect of 5G mobile network is
that it has low latency of 1 millisecond. Such low latency describes a computerized network,
which is being optimized for processing an extremely high volume of data messages with
lesser delay or latency (Ding et al. 2017). Such networks are being designed for the purpose
of supporting the major operations, which need near real time accessibility to the rapidly
changing data. This type of lower latency is required for wider range of use cases and it
requires a massive improvement over the slow packet transport.
iii) Another significant and noteworthy technological aspect of 5G mobile network is
that it comprises of higher bandwidth. The high bandwidth is up to 1000 times for 1 unit area.
The maximum amount of data transfer of the Internet connection for measuring the amount of
data that could be sent on a specified connection within a distinct period of time (Hossain and
Hasan 2015). A download would finish much faster as soon as when the user comprises of a
high bandwidth connection and not a lower bandwidth connection.
iv) The fourth important and significant technological aspect of 5G mobile network is
that it provides up to 100 times extra connected devices for per unit area, in comparison to the
4G LTE network.

8
5G MOBILE NETWORKS
v) Another significant and noteworthy technological aspect of 5G mobile network is
that it is available and accessible for 99.99%. As a result, the users get the opportunity to
access it for almost every period of time. This is because of the better integration of different
components of technological features and networks (Agiwal, Roy and Saxena 2016). Internet
accessibility is the most significant capability of companies and individuals for connecting to
the Internet for enabling better accessibility by making information transmission at higher
rate of data transfer.
vi) The sixth significant and noteworthy technological aspect of 5G mobile network is
its 100% coverage. 5G mobile network is responsible for covering the entire geographical
area that is being covered by the respective network. Within the specific area, the device
would have the ability of completing a call with the help of network of a carrier or even a
partner network.
vii) Another important and significant technological aspect of 5G mobile network is
that it allows 90% reduction in the usage of network energy (Ding, Peng and Poor 2015). A
proper assessment of the energy consumption is done in this particular network and hence
better efficiency is gained.
viii) The battery life of the 5G mobile network allows up to 10 years for the lower
power IoT device and hence more efficiency and effectiveness is prevailed without much
complexity.
3. Conclusion
Therefore, from the above discussion, a conclusion can be drawn that there are
different components of data communication system, which include message, sender,
receiver, medium and protocol. It helps in data routing as well as data formatting and hence
better effectiveness and efficiency is gained without much issue or complexity. As a result,

9
5G MOBILE NETWORKS
error control and flow control is ensured for better communication of data. Four significant
features of data communication include accurate delivery of data, accuracy, timeliness and
jitter of the communication. One of the major and the most significant examples of data
communication include 5G mobile network. The above provided report has properly provided
a detailed analysis of 5G mobile network with relevant details related to knowledge and
understanding, application and analysis as well as evaluation of technology.

10
5G MOBILE NETWORKS
References
Agiwal, M., Roy, A. and Saxena, N., 2016. Next generation 5G wireless networks: A
comprehensive survey. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 18(3), pp.1617-1655.
Alliance, N.G.M.N., 2015. 5G white paper. Next generation mobile networks, white paper, 1.
Cai, Y., Qin, Z., Cui, F., Li, G.Y. and McCann, J.A., 2017. Modulation and multiple access
for 5G networks. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 20(1), pp.629-646.
Dai, L., Wang, B., Yuan, Y., Han, S., Chih-Lin, I. and Wang, Z., 2015. Non-orthogonal
multiple access for 5G: solutions, challenges, opportunities, and future research trends. IEEE
Communications Magazine, 53(9), pp.74-81.
Ding, Z., Liu, Y., Choi, J., Sun, Q., Elkashlan, M., Chih-Lin, I. and Poor, H.V., 2017.
Application of non-orthogonal multiple access in LTE and 5G networks. IEEE
Communications Magazine, 55(2), pp.185-191.
Ding, Z., Peng, M. and Poor, H.V., 2015. Cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access in 5G
systems. IEEE Communications Letters, 19(8), pp.1462-1465.
Ge, X., Tu, S., Mao, G., Wang, C.X. and Han, T., 2016. 5G ultra-dense cellular
networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 23(1), pp.72-79.
Gupta, A. and Jha, R.K., 2015. A survey of 5G network: Architecture and emerging
technologies. IEEE access, 3, pp.1206-1232.
Hossain, E. and Hasan, M., 2015. 5G cellular: key enabling technologies and research
challenges. IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine, 18(3), pp.11-21.
Hu, Y.C., Patel, M., Sabella, D., Sprecher, N. and Young, V., 2015. Mobile edge computing
—A key technology towards 5G. ETSI white paper, 11(11), pp.1-16.

11
5G MOBILE NETWORKS
Li, S., Da Xu, L. and Zhao, S., 2018. 5G Internet of Things: A survey. Journal of Industrial
Information Integration, 10, pp.1-9.
Nordrum, A., 2016. 5 Myths About 5G. IEEE Spectrum, May.
Simsek, M., Aijaz, A., Dohler, M., Sachs, J. and Fettweis, G., 2016. 5G-enabled tactile
internet. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 34(3), pp.460-473.
Wong, V.W. ed., 2017. Key technologies for 5G wireless systems. Cambridge university
press.
Yang, N., Wang, L., Geraci, G., Elkashlan, M., Yuan, J. and Di Renzo, M., 2015.
Safeguarding 5G wireless communication networks using physical layer security. IEEE
Communications Magazine, 53(4), pp.20-27.
Yang, N., Wang, L., Geraci, G., Elkashlan, M., Yuan, J. and Di Renzo, M., 2015.
Safeguarding 5G wireless communication networks using physical layer security. IEEE
Communications Magazine, 53(4), pp.20-27.