Cloud Computing and Usage of Development Models

The above assignment is to discuss Cloud Computing and Usage of Cloud Development Models, and also discusses some topics such as fundamental concepts of cloud computing, their evolution, architectural framework, their developing models, and the cloud services models. Further, also discuss the benefits of cloud computing, develop models with real-world examples, and describe some tools for cloud computing solutions.

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Unit 16 – Cloud Computing
Assignment 1 : Cloud Computing and Usage of
Cloud Deloyment Models
Hsu Wai Wai Hlaing
11th Batch
Youth International University

Table of Contents
The Fundamental Concepts of Cloud Computing......................................................................3
Evolution of Cloud Computing..............................................................................................4
Architectural Cloud Computing Framework.............................................................................5
Developing Models....................................................................................................................6
Public Cloud...........................................................................................................................7
Private Cloud..........................................................................................................................7
Hybrid cloud...........................................................................................................................8
Cloud Service Models..............................................................................................................10
Benefits of Cloud Computing..................................................................................................12
Deployment Models with Real World Examples.....................................................................14
The Tools of Cloud Computing Solution.................................................................................15
References................................................................................................................................18
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The Fundamental Concepts of Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is a general term for anything that involves delivering hosted
services over the internet. These services are divided into three main categories or types of
cloud computing: infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and software
as a service (SaaS).
A cloud can be private or public. A public cloud sells services to anyone on the
internet. A private cloud is a proprietary network or a data center that supplies hosted services
to a limited number of people, with certain access and permissions settings. Private or public,
the goal of cloud computing is to provide easy, scalable access to computing resources and IT
services.
Cloud infrastructure involves the hardware and software components required for
proper implementation of a cloud computing model. Cloud computing can also be thought of
as utility computing or on-demand computing.
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Evolution of Cloud Computing
Distributed Systems: It is the construction of many independent systems but all are shown as
one business to users. The purpose of distributed programs is to share resources and use them
effectively and efficiently. Distributed systems have features such as scaling, compatibility,
continuous detection, heterogeneity, and independence from failure. But the biggest problem
with this program was that all the programs had to exist in the same local area. Thus, to solve
this problem, the distributed computer led to three other types of computers and were
Mainframe computing, cluster computing, and grid computing.
Mainframe computing: Mainframes first introduced in 1951 are the most powerful and
reliable computer systems. These are responsible for handling large data as large output
functions. Even today these are used for mass processing activities such as online trading etc.
These systems probably do not have time to rest which can tolerate high errors. After the
distribution of the computer, this increased the processing power of the system. But these
were very expensive. To reduce these costs, cluster computing has come as an alternative to
mainframe technology.
Virtualization: It was introduced nearly 40 years back. It refers to the process of creating a
virtual layer over the hardware which allows the user to run multiple instances
simultaneously on the hardware. It is a key technology used in cloud computing. It is the base
on which major cloud computing services such as Amazon EC2, VMware vCloud, etc. work
on. Hardware virtualization is still one of the most common types of virtualization.
Service orientation: It acts as a reference model for cloud computing. It supports low-cost,
flexible, and evolvable applications. Two important concepts were introduced in this
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computing model. These were Quality of Service (QoS) which also includes the SLA
(Service Level Agreement) and Software as a Service (SaaS).
Architectural Cloud Computing Framework
Cloud computing, which is one of the demanding technologies of the current time and
which is giving a new shape to every organization by providing on demand virtualized
services/resources. Starting from small to medium and medium to large, every organization
use cloud computing services in storing information and accessing that from anywhere and
anytime only with the help of internet. In this article we will know more about the internal
architecture of cloud computing.
Transparency, scalability, security and intelligent monitoring are some of the most
important constraints which every cloud infrastructure should experience. Current research
on other important constraints is helping cloud computing system to come up with new
features and strategies with a great capability of providing more advanced cloud
solutions.Cloud computing architecture is divided into the following two parts -
Front End: The front end is used by the client. It contains client-side interfaces and
applications that are required to access the cloud computing platforms. The front end includes
web servers (including Chrome, Firefox, internet explorer, etc.), thin & fat clients, tablets,
and mobile devices.
Back End: Backend refers to the cloud itself which is used by the service provider. It
contains the resources as well as manages the resources and provides security mechanisms.
Along with this it includes huge storage, virtual applications, virtual machines, traffic control
mechanisms, deployment models etc.
 Application – Application in backend refers to a software or platform to which client
accesses. Means it provides the service in backend as per the client requirement.
 Service – Service in backend refers to the major three types of cloud-based services
like SaaS, PaaS and IaaS. Also manages which type of service the user accesses.
 Cloud Runtime – Runtime cloud in backend refers to provide of execution and
runtime platform/environment to the virtual machine.
 Storage – Storage in backend refers to provide flexible and scalable storage service
and management of stored data.
 Infrastructure – Cloud Infrastructure in backend refers to hardware and software
components of cloud like it includes servers, storage, network devices, virtualization
software etc.
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 Management – Management in backend refers to management of backend
components like application, service, runtime cloud, storage, infrastructure, and other
security mechanisms etc.
 Security – Security in backend refers to implementation of different security
mechanisms in the backend for secure cloud resources, systems, files, and
infrastructure to end-users.
 Internet – Internet connection acts as the medium or a bridge between frontend and
backend and establishes the interaction and communication between frontend and
backend.
Architecture of cloud computing is the combination of both SOA (Service Oriented
Architecture) and EDA (Event Driven Architecture). Client infrastructure, application,
service, runtime, storage, infrastructure, management and security all these are the
components of cloud computing architecture.
Developing Models
The cloud deployment model identifies the specific type of cloud environment based
on ownership, scale, and access, as well as the cloud’s nature and purpose. The location of
the servers you’re utilizing and who controls them are defined by a cloud deployment model.
It specifies how your cloud infrastructure will look, what you can change, and whether you
will be given services or will have to create everything yourself. Relationships between the
infrastructure and your users are also defined by cloud deployment types.
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Different types of cloud computing deployment models are:
 Public cloud
 Private cloud
 Hybrid cloud
 Community cloud
 Multi-cloud
Public Cloud
The public cloud makes it possible for
anybody to access systems and services. The
public cloud may be less secure as it is open
for everyone. The public cloud is one in which
cloud infrastructure services are provided over
the internet to the general people or major
industry groups. The infrastructure in this
cloud model is owned by the entity that delivers the cloud services, not by the consumer. It is
a type of cloud hosting that allows customers and users to easily access systems and services.
This form of cloud computing is an excellent example of cloud hosting, in which service
providers supply services to a variety of customers. In this arrangement, storage backup and
retrieval services are given for free, as a subscription, or on a per-use basis. Example: Google
App Engine etc.
Private Cloud
The private cloud deployment model is
the exact opposite of the public cloud
deployment model. It’s a one-on-one
environment for a single user (customer). There
is no need to share your hardware with anyone
else. The distinction between private and public
cloud is in how you handle all of the hardware.
It is also called the “internal cloud” & it refers
to the ability to access systems and services
within a given border or organization. The cloud platform is implemented in a cloud-based
secure environment that is protected by powerful firewalls and under the supervision of an
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organization’s IT department. The private cloud gives the greater flexibility of control over
cloud resources.
Hybrid cloud
By bridging the public and private worlds with a layer of proprietary software, hybrid
cloud computing gives the best of both worlds. With a hybrid solution, you may host the app
in a safe environment while taking advantage of the public cloud’s cost savings.
Organizations can move data and applications between different clouds using a combination
of two or more cloud deployment methods, depending on their needs.
In a hybrid cloud model, enterprises deploy workloads in private IT environments or
public clouds and move between them as computing needs and costs change. This gives a
business greater flexibility and more data deployment options. A hybrid cloud workload
includes the network, hosting and web service features of an application.
A strong network connection is critical to a successful hybrid cloud strategy.
Typically, this involves a wide area network or dedicated networking service for additional
security. A company should consistently evaluate its connection and ensure it meets the
uptime requirements specified in the service-level agreement with a cloud provider.
As the name suggests, a hybrid cloud is a combination of two or more cloud
architectures. While each model in the hybrid cloud functions differently, it is all part of the
same architecture. Further, as part of this deployment of the cloud computing model, the
internal, or external providers can offer resources.
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Let’s understand the hybrid model better. A company that has critical data will prefer
storing on a private cloud, while less sensitive data can be stored on a public cloud. The
hybrid cloud is also frequently used for ‘cloud bursting’. It means, suppose an organization
runs an application on-premises, but due to heavy load, they can burst into the public cloud.
Flexibility: you will have a whole range of options when it comes to launching a service,
once the needs have been identified. You will be able to benefit from the innovative services
that the cloud providers offer, without having to rely on them.
Security: You will be able to preserve the governance and control of your data and
production environments through on-premise hosting while taking advantage of the services
associated with the public cloud.
Scalability: you will have an infrastructure that will suit your needs for space, memory and
computing speed as you benefit from the flexibility of the public cloud. However, the
implementation and maintenance burden associated with cloud providers will be reduced.
Reduced costs: you will make economies in comparison to the implementation of the
infrastructure as well as the maintenance of the applications, some costs related to storage or
processing will be optimized.
With a hybrid cloud, you will have the advantages of both the public and private cloud at the
same time.
The hybrid cloud can be used for any type of business. However, it is ideally suited
for SMEs. Indeed, large companies can afford to have a very large private cloud with private
services that allow them to be less vulnerable than in a public cloud. As for start-ups, they
can start with a public cloud before investing in another type of infrastructure.
Regardless of size and challenges, the hybrid cloud will be essential at some point in
the life of your business if you want to follow a scalable, flexible, reliable and economically
viable model over time.
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Cloud Service Models
There are the following three types of cloud service models -
 Platform as a Service (PaaS)
 Software as a Service (SaaS)
 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Platform as a Service is software that provides access to development tools, APIs, and
deployment instruments. Users receive access to virtual development environments and
Cloud storage, where they can build, test, and run applications.
In PaaS, users are billed only for the platforms that they use for the time when the
services were used. There is no need to pay for excessive functionality, like in desktop
solutions.Examples of PaaS are AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Apache Stratos, Magento Commerce
Cloud.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Software as a Service, also known as SaaS, is essentially a web platform that provides
users access to cloud computing on a subscription basis. Instead of purchasing the solution
one time, as if it would be a product, the software is delivered continuously — like a service.
SaaS services provide companies with data storage and management features. Often,
these are services for process automation, marketing, collaboration, and data organization.
Development environments can also be done as SaaS — software developers receive access
to the platform where they can build, test, and deploy a product, configure its functionality
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and interface with built-in tools and templates.Examples of SaaS are Google’s G Suite,
Microsoft Office 365, Salesforce.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
IaaS provides businesses with ready-to-use IT infrastructure: development
environment, private networks, secure data storage, instruments for software development
and testing, functionality monitoring, etc. The enterprises don’t need to build and secure their
own IT infrastructure — they fully power the development process with third-party servers
and cloud backup storage.Examples of IaaS are Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure,
IBM Infrastructure, Google Cloud Infrastructure.
Difference between IAAS, PAAS and SAAS
Basis of IAAS PAAS SAAS
Stands for Infrastructure as a
service Platform as a service Software as a service
Uses IAAS is used by
network architects.
PAAS is used by
developer.
SAAS is used by end
user.
Access
IAAS give access to
the resources like
virtual machines and
virtual storage.
PAAS give access to
run time environment
to deployment and
development tools for
application.
SAAS give access to
the end user.
Model
It is service model that
provide visualized
computing resources
over internet.
It is a cloud computing
model that delivers
tools that is used for
development of
application.
It is a service model in
cloud computing that
host software make
available for client.
Technical
understanding
It required technical
knowledge.
In which you required
knowledge of subject
to understand basic
setup.
There is no
requirement about
technicalities company
handle everything.
Popularity
It is popular between
developer and
researchers.
It popular between
developer who focus
on the development of
apps and scripts.
It is popular between
consumer and
company. Such as file
sharing, email and
networking.
Cloud services Amazon web services,
sun, vcloud express.
Facebook, and google
search engine.
M.S office web,
Facebook and google
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apps.
Enterprise services AWS virtual private
cloud Microsoft azure IBM cloud analysis.
Outsourced cloud
services
Outsourced cloud
services
Force.com,
Gigaspaces AWS, terremark
Benefits of Cloud Computing
Cloud computing offers your business many benefits. It allows you to set up what is
essentially a virtual office to give you the flexibility of connecting to your business
anywhere, any time. With the growing number of web-enabled devices used in today's
business environment (e.g. smartphones, tablets), access to your data is even easier.
There are many benefits to moving your business to the cloud:
Reduced IT costs
Moving to cloud computing may reduce the cost of managing and maintaining your
IT systems. Rather than purchasing expensive systems and equipment for your business, you
can reduce your costs by using the resources of your cloud computing service provider. You
may be able to reduce your operating costs because:
 the cost of system upgrades, new hardware and software may be included in your
contract
 no longer need to pay wages for expert staff
 energy consumption costs may be reduced
 there are fewer time delays.
Scalability
The business can scale up or scale down your operation and storage need quickly to
suit your situation, allowing flexibility as your needs change. Rather than purchasing and
installing expensive upgrades ourselves, our cloud computer service provider can handle this
for us. Using the cloud frees up our time so we can get on with running our business.
Business Continuity
Protecting your data and systems is an important part of business continuity planning.
Whether you experience a natural disaster, power failure or other crisis, having your data
stored in the cloud ensures it is backed up and protected in a secure and safe location. Being
able to access your data again quickly allows you to conduct business as usual, minimizing
any downtime and loss of productivity.
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Collaboration efficiency
Collaboration in a cloud environment gives your business the ability to communicate
and share more easily outside of the traditional methods. If you are working on a project
across different locations, you could use cloud computing to give employees, contractors and
third parties access to the same files. You could also choose a cloud computing model that
makes it easy for you to share your records with your advisers (e.g. a quick and secure way to
share accounting records with your accountant or financial adviser).
Flexibility of work practices
Cloud computing allows employees to be more flexible in their work practices. For
example, you have the ability to access data from home, on holiday, or via the commute to
and from work (providing you have an internet connection). If you need access to your data
while you are off-site, you can connect to your virtual office, quickly and easily.
Access to automatic updates
Access to automatic updates for your IT requirements may be included in your service
fee. Depending on your cloud computing service provider, your system will regularly be
updated with the latest technology. This could include up-to-date versions of software, as
well as upgrades to servers and computer processing power.
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Deployment Models with Real World Examples
E-commerce
Cloud-based e-commerce allows responding quickly to the opportunities which are
emerging. Users respond quickly to the market opportunities as well as the traditional e-
commerce responds to the challenges quickly. Cloud-based e-commerce gives a new
approach to doing business with the minimum amount as well as minimum time possible.
Customer data, product data, and other operational systems are managed in cloud
environments.
Cloud Computing in Medical Fields
In the medical field also nowadays cloud computing is used for storing and accessing
the data as it allows to store data and access it through the internet without worrying about
any physical setup. It facilitates easier access and distribution of information among the
various medical professional and the individual patients. Similarly, with help of cloud
computing offsite buildings and treatment facilities like labs, doctors making emergency
house calls and ambulances information, etc. can be easily accessed and updated remotely
instead of having to wait until they can access a hospital computer.
Netflix
Netflix is by far the best-case study for the public cloud. Before 2008, Netflix used
relational databases on its own data centers. Storing customer details, preferences, and the
thousands of video content, the company eventually faced a major issue in the database in
2008.
With the growing business needs, customer base, and data storage, Netflix had to
rethink the data center situation. Being the genius it is, Netflix saw the potential in cloud
computing way before cloud was the scene. Netflix migrated its functioning, content, and
delivery network to Amazon’s public cloud — AWS. What is interesting is, Amazon has its
video-streaming service. Amazon’s cloud has benefitted the streaming service provider by no
doubt by supporting the amazingly fast growth in the global market. It has almost 25 times as
many streaming members as it had in 2008. It is very rare to see downtime errors in Netflix.
The State Bank of India(SBI)
To stay ahead of several other competitors, the State Bank of India (SBI) had to up its
game to establish relevance with the digitally aware youth. Faster, reliable, and secured
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payments were the demands of the major consumer market. User growth and the rise of
digital modes of payments called for an unparalleled level of change for SBI.
The group opted to take the plunge of IT transformation. SBI uses one of India’s most
robust private clouds — “MeghDoot” of about 7500 VMs hosting several financial services
applications based on various technologies. Banking applications and services are provided
with high availability and scalability.
BBC
BBC has recently signed a 5-year hybrid cloud contract with Object Matrix after the
success of the Planet series. It has been a customer of Object Matrix since 2010 with a
MatrixStore on-premise 200TB. After the recent shift of its headquarters, BBC has seen a
spike in production.
This called for the up-gradation of its existing On-premise data storage facilities. Also
with the current situation of work from anywhere, it needed to ensure that the external team
members could access the content effectively. MatrixStore ensures BBC gets the exact mix of
On-premise and public cloud.
The upgrade to its existing MatrixStore infrastructure will facilitate the company to
protect added content of several on-premise works- functionalities.
The Tools of Cloud Computing Solution
Cloud Middleware
Middleware is software that lies between an operating system and the applications
running on it. Essentially functioning as hidden translation layer, middleware enables
communication and data management for distributed applications. It’s sometimes called
plumbing, as it connects two applications together so data and databases can be easily passed
between the “pipe.” Using middleware allows users to perform such requests as submitting
forms on a web browser, or allowing the web server to return dynamic web pages based on a
user’s profile. Cloud middleware is used to integrate services, applications and content
available on the cloud.
Amazon EC2
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) offers the broadest and deepest
compute platform, with over 475 instances and choice of the latest processor, storage,
networking, operating system, and purchase model to help you best match the needs of your
workload. We are the first major cloud provider that supports Intel, AMD, and Arm
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processors, the only cloud with on-demand EC2 Mac instances, and the only cloud with 400
Gbps Ethernet networking. We offer the best price performance for machine learning
training, as well as the lowest cost per inference instances in the cloud. More SAP, high
performance computing (HPC), ML, and Windows workloads run on AWS than any other
cloud.
Eucalyptus
Cloud Computing Eucalyptus System is an open-source and paid computer software.
It is an infrastructure for applying cloud computing on clusters. Eucalyptus enables the users
for setting up the compute and storage resources on-demand by way of an Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS) product. Companies use software from Eucalyptus to construct private, public,
or hybrid clouds.
Open Stuck
OpenStack is a collection of open
source software modules and tools that
provides a framework to create and manage
both public cloud and private cloud
infrastructure.
OpenStack delivers infrastructure-as-
a-service functionality _ it pools, provisions
and manages large concentrations of
compute, storage and network resources. These resources, which include bare metal
hardware, virtual machines (VMs) and containers, are managed through application
programming interfaces (APIs) as well as an OpenStack dashboard. Other OpenStack
components provide orchestration, fault management and services intended to support
reliable, high availability operations.
Businesses and service providers can deploy OpenStack on premises (in the data
center to build a private cloud), in the cloud to enable or drive public cloud platforms, and at
the network edge for distributed computing systems.
Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud
Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud is an easy way to bring the power of the cloud to your
company’s Information Technology department. It allows you to add power and scalability to
your network, without sacrificing security or dependability. You can even create your own
cloud infrastructure or use an Ubuntu Cloud partner site. Any way you go, Ubuntu Enterprise
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Cloud will add functionality to your network that rivals the best commercially available cloud
solutions.
Microsoft Azure
Microsoft Azure was released nearly a decade ago, in 2010. Users can run any service
on the cloud or combine it with any existing applications, data center or
infrastructure.Microsoft Azure provides a wide array of solutions suitable for all types of
industry. All your business needs will be taken into consideration. This results in a package
better suited for needs.
Azure means there is no need to have physical servers on site. This reduces the usual
costs, such as an onsite server support team.The Azure Migration Center makes cloud
transfers faster and easier. The solution is also compatible with Linux.
Microsoft Azure offers a free tier which includes access to all popular services, and
over 25 ‘Always Free’ services. All of Microsoft Azure’s prices and plans are laid out in
great detail on their site. The page includes a cost calculator and a ‘Pay as you go’ service.
Each plan can be tailored to your specific needs.
Amazon Web Services
Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a cloud-based platform for building business
solutions using integrated web services. AWS offers an extensive range of IaaS and PaaS
services. These include Elastic Cloud Compute (EC2), Elastic Beanstalk, Simple Storage
Service (S3) and Relational Database Service (RDS).
AWS offers extensive admin controls available via their secure Web client. Users can
access a number of features from here including encryption key creation and auditing. Aws
lets you customize infrastructure requirements. This costs far less than if you were set up in
your own premises. Users can also access EC2 we service. This permits you to run and
acquire servers as necessary.
AWS has three different pricing models; ‘Pay as you Go’, ‘Save when you reserve’
and ‘Pay less using more’. For more information about these, users must contact sale directly.
AWS also offers a free 12-month tier. Once your trial period has expired, you must either
choose a paid plan or cancel your AWS subscription.
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References
www.javatpoint.com
www.geeksforgeeks.org
www.searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com
javatpoint.com
https://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com
https://newrelic.com/blog/best-practices/
https://GeekforGeek.com
www.knowledgenile.com
Cloud Deployment Models and Real-Time Use Cases - Digital Solutions, IT Services &
Consulting - Payoda
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