Political Science Research Paper Example

This assignment provides an example of a research paper focusing on various political aspects of the Middle East. It delves into themes such as terrorism, the role of port-cities, cultural concepts within the region, Israeli-Turkish relations, health systems in MENA countries, and historical perspectives. The examples demonstrate how to structure and approach research within this complex geopolitical area.

SCHOLARLY
RESEARCH ESSAY

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................4
Explanation about the incumbency advantage in the elections and how does it influence the
policy-making process
CONCLUSION...........................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
In the current assignment, significance of election and its impact upon policy making
process in the UK country has been discussed. Election is a process under which individuals
have opportunity to share their view, opinion and perspective by selecting one leader for the
country. In the present study, the detail knowledge about the procedure of election within the
country has been addressed.
MAIN BODY
Explanation about the incumbency advantage in the elections and how does it
influence the policy-making process
In the UK country, in order to develop law and legislation, election is one of
important procedures by which population chooses an individual to hold public office. In simple
words, it can be said that an election is a formal group decision making procedure by which
population chooses an individual to hold public office. In 17th century, the modern representative
democracy has been operated. In the legislature, election may fill offices. Sometimes, it fills the
executive, judiciary and local government. Other various organisations, voluntary association
and corporation also used this process of the election. The election procedure is used by the
country as a technique for selecting as a representative in modern representative democracies.
Voting is a significant aspect in the nation through which people have opportunity take the
decision and voice their opinion and vote for what they believe in it. In order to develop the
government policies, procedure, law, legislation and every vote has a great significance and
count. By the help of voting, individuals have opportunity to influence government and have
right to share their participation in the law making procedure. Only voting is a technique and
method by which individuals have right to participate in law making process and thus, it is very
important for participation in the election as it provides an opportunity to individual in sharing
their perception and votes for what they believe in. Election offers every citizen a medium of
expression through which they can share their value. In political office, incumbent is current
holder which is generally used regarding elections. During elections, incumbents have structural
advantages over challenges. The timing of election can be decided by incumbent instead of set
schedule. Furthermore, in order to achieve the campaign finance incumbent is very easy which
can directly used to aid a campaign. In an election the open seat at there no incumbent is running.

The major advantage of the election is that it provides the best expression of the electorate's
political preferences. While election occurs in the country then citizens have an opportunity to
select one best leader for them who can resolve their issues and fulfil basic requirements of them.
It is very important to conduct the election in an effective and efficient manner so that everyone
can vote to right person for their rights and requirements. While newcomer comes in the office,
voter compares and contrasts qualification, position, political issue, personal characteristics of
the candidate who is supposed to fight for the seat in election. In the Australia, an election for
president of the US occurs in every four year and this process begins with the primary elections
and caucuses and moves to nominating conventions. In this procedure, political parties select a
nominee to unite behind. In the presidential election process, there are several stages included as
it is the cycle. In January to June of the election year, primaries and caucuses hold by states and
parties.
The term incumbency advantage is come to the electoral edge which is enjoyed by the
office person not by in office parties. In addition to this, incumbency advantage can define as
statistical fact. The major incumbency advantage in the election is that people can easily select
and change their MP's and MLA's in lesser time. While people select their leader then it helps in
developing the law for the country. In order to carry out the all activities of individual as well as
organization it is very important to select one leader who can hold and run all necessary
activities. With help of the election, individual can fight for their rights and gain the advantage of
the participate in the government procedure. While in the country any kind of the policy and
legislation develop by the government then it directly influences by the election process. All
progress, development and growth is largely depends upon the election. The candidate can select
in the election through which government can take the decision regarding the policy and
practices of country. The incumbency advantage refers to the benefit that people who already
hold office usually in voting regardless of party affiliation. Incumbents can provide constituent
service to citizens by which they can gain their rights within the country. The major advantage of
election is that people conduct an election to safeguard their freedom and rights. It assists in
changing in the leadership and redesign entire structure and system within country. With the help
of election, people can introduce reforms that are new to a party that assist in proving their rights
in an effective and efficient manner. It can be said that election is a self-correction process which
is carried out on a regular basis after every five years. In this manner, citizen of the country

gains the benefits because they can fight for their rights. Not at all like crude periods where
cloud manage used to be a lifestyle, the greater part of the cutting edge countries have discovered
that without powerful administering, the ship of state, as Plato had called it, couldn't work
appropriately (Martin and et.al., 2017.). A country's populace ought to be trusted to coordinate
the ship through surveys and votes as an enlightened method for cooperation in the political
domain, which is midriff nations controlled by totalitarian and oppressive initiative.
The general population deals with the reality it is regarded, spoken to and all around
occupied with the administration when it gets the chance to cast a vote. In that capacity, riots and
brutal shows are probably going to diminish as long as it is conceivable to transmit voices and be
the chief (Gordon and Wilfrid, 2017). At the point when a nation depends on general decisions, it
demonstrates regard towards its kin and values its viewpoints however, unique and
heterogeneous they may be. Accordingly, decision is urgent for itself and in itself.
In the policy making procedure, election plays a very crucial role by which government
can develop the regulation for the countries citizens. Political gatherings and hopefuls are enter
partners in the race cycle (What is the election , 2017). Applicants remaining for office are
partnered with political gatherings which both characterise a competitor's belief system and
arrangement position while mirroring a rundown of issues with which the electorate can
recognise in view of a political gathering stage as reflected in the hopeful's decision guarantees
to people in general (Dorsey, 2017). Hopefuls as people speak to a gathering stage and with the
assistance and support of their associated party device, they vie for open office, complete race
battles and endeavour to persuade voting subjects to cast their ticket for them (Swain, 2018). At
last, the capacity to straightforwardly crusade, get solid open help through the voting procedure,
expect open office or frame a believable restriction once in government relies upon the lawful,
political and social condition in the nation as well as on the organisation, result, and open
acknowledgment of the race comes about (Kanel and Niraula, 2017). Furthermore, open
acknowledgment of the result must be trailed by conclusive approval of the decision result by
political gatherings and their separate competitors. On the off chance that both the voting open
and political gathering competitors don't acknowledge decision comes about because of genuine
component extortion or abnormalities, the authenticity of the subsequent lawmaking body or
government is debilitated.

Gatherings and applicants are also political performing artists that can be a negative
power in the decision cycle. The illicit practices of vote-purchasing or ill-conceived party back,
the multiplication of criticism and detest discourse in battles, voter terrorising by party labourers,
defilement in race related basic leadership and the deliberate avoidance of specific areas of
society constitute cases where political gatherings undermine the working of law based
frameworks as opposed to help it (Smith, 2017). Laws and controls with respect to crusading,
subsidising and working of political gatherings are produced to limit the potential troublesome
impact of political gatherings while as yet enabling them enough flexibility to challenge
decisions (Maton. and et.al., 2017). With the help of voting and election, individuals have an
opportunity to share their opinion and vote for what they believe in. Election offers every citizen
a medium of expression through which they can share their opinion. In the political office,
incumbent is the current holder which is generally used regarding elections. During the elections,
incumbents have structural advantages over challenges. Timing of the election can be decided by
the incumbent instead of the set schedule (Ali and et.al., 2017). Furthermore, in order to access
the campaign, finance incumbent is very easy to access which can be indirectly used to boost a
campaign. Thus, from this research about significance of election, it has been identified that
election is very significant advantage for the individual as well as country through which all
individuals can utilise their rights and precise and share their perception by select one of the best
leader and president in the country. Decisions help in settling authority scramble. Most
popularity based countries show high populace henceforth, the vast majority need to be pioneers.
In this way, individuals choose a delegate government at a standard period, for example, five
years. Along these lines, individuals take part in the decision procedure where they choose their
delegates in parliament and senate. These agent pioneers need to care for their own kin's welfare
to guarantee solidarity, advance and guarantee the respectability of the country in general.
Furthermore, individuals lead a decision to defend their opportunity and rights. The
predetermination of a specific country is vested on opportunity and privileges of individuals to
investigate the legislature at the time and additionally give better methods for taking care of
issues through their delegates (Akhavan, 2017). In this manner, the general population have
room schedule-wise to test their agents and take in their interests in people in general office
consequently just choose the most qualified leader who can protect the flexibility and rights for
people in the country (Guinney and et.al., 2017). This decision of administration from now on

favours just competitors who have sees that fit in with the suppositions of the dominant part and
mirror the will of the general population constantly.
On a different note, race process guarantees an adjustment in authority. Nationals of a
popularity based country ordinarily have their voice and contempt against the decision
government consequently they can vote in favour of different gatherings to shape another
administration. Therefore, they have the general specialist to guarantee that the correct party is
set up. In addition, decision empowers natives to take part politically (Hecker and Johannsen,
2017). Race forms accomplish this by opening roads where individuals raise issues and present
their perspectives to people in general. Through race, individuals can acquaint changes that are
new with a gathering and can challenge the decision either as an independent or frame a political
collection.
The election can be a stage of self-rectification. This is normally done all the time after
like mechanism. The decision of government is typically taken under tight restraints
subsequently can think about every one of the requests of people in general. This is a type of the
self-restorative instrument whereby the gathering in control surveys its execution and conciliates
every one of its natives (Gordon and Wilfrid 2017).
Despite the fact that there are various favourable circumstances of race in law based
countries, the dominant part of individuals particularly in the creating nations have not
completely acknowledged such points of interest (Hughes and Mullin 2017). These individuals
are not taught on significance of picking great pioneers. In this way, they fall prey to narrow
minded agents who work for childish pick up for a five-year term and do nothing to the general
population and sit tight for the latest possible time and surge back with cash to purchase votes or
cajole voters with clear guarantees (Awad and et.al., 2017). The votes with time lose intrigue
henceforth cause voter lack of concern or vote in favour of the purpose of constrained majority
rules system. Thus, the pioneers hone tyranny and absolutism which results to loss of yearnings
for the subjects.
Taking everything into account, races significantly affect creating solid vote based systems since
individuals have an extreme say in the correct way they need to be represented (Wang and

Yazbeck, 2017). Also, it provides their rights and flexibility and also guaranteeing political
cooperation. Furthermore, they check the legislature at the time under check to guarantee that
every one of their requests are proficient. Be that as it may, some vote based countries don't take
after this respectable model (Friis, Pedersen and Crane, 2017). With the help of voting and
election, individuals have an opportunity to share their opinion and vote for what they believe in.
Election offers every citizen a medium of expression through which they can share their opinion.
In the political office, incumbent is the current holder which is generally used regarding
elections. During the elections, incumbents have structural advantages over challenges. Timing
of the election can be decided by the incumbent instead of the set schedule
Election helps in solving the leadership scramble as people elect a representative
government in the 5 year. (Almog and Sever, 2017) People elect their parliament and senate in
the election process. Moreover, they conduct the election for their safeguarding and rights and it
is a platform of self correction. Hence, from this entire research, it has been analysed that it is
one of the great aspect within the country by which citizens enable to participate in the political
way.
CONCLUSION
From the entire report, it has been concluded that term incumbency advantage refers to
the electoral side which is enjoyed by the office person not by in office parties. In addition to
this, incumbency advantage can be defined as statistical fact. With the help of election,
individual can fight for their rights and gain the advantage to participate in the government
procedure. The incumbency advantage refers to the benefit that people who already hold office
usually win reselection, regardless of party affiliation.

REFERENCES
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Online
What is the election , 2017. [online]. Available
through<https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/election>