The Jaateeya Kalasala and fine Arts College

Running Head: SOCIOLOGY
Sociology
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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SOCIOLOGY
Abstract
Capacity and the characteristic of the study
The primary area of concern of the essay is the painters from the state of Andhra Pradesh that
maps the contribution of those painters in the postcolonial arts during the period termed as
Postcolonial era. In order to conduct the study the histories of the colleges residing in south
that dealt with arts. A few examples of such colleges are the ones situated in Chennai, that
included the Art college of Hyderabad, tracing it to the Jaateeya Kalasala and fine Arts
College in Andhra.
While most of the study concerned with visual artist revolved around the profession, this
particular study shifts its concern towards analyzing the development of visual art form
during the period after the overthrown of the colonial rule, particularly in the state of Andhra
Pradesh. As a result the scope of the thesis deals with the emergence of various aspects
associated with visual arts. India has always been counted upon as the oldest civilization of
world and has been regarded all over the world for its contribution of decimal and the concept
of zero. However, a darker period in the history of this nation was seen between the period of
1700 to 1947 till it gained its independence from the crude and deceiving westerner from the
north of the hemisphere. Owing to the colonization, a lot of changes have been noticed in the
socio cultural aspect of the nation which was intrinsically diverse from its very beginning. In
the history of imperialism, westerners colonizing India, has been marked as their most
strategic invasion as per the valuable asset of the country is concerned. The first segment of
the thesis would therefore concern an extensive discussion of the movement of nationalism,
society and the impact of the movement on the formation of the state and its concerned
ideology. Such extensive discussion on the aspects of nationalism and nationalist movements

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would be aiding for the researchers understanding of changes that happened within the state
of Andhra Pradesh because of colonial invasion in overall Indian nation.
Therefore, the thesis consider the development as it has been noticed in the form of art
particularly in the southern states of the country particularly Andhra Pradesh. The thesis can
be considered as a comparative study between the status of the arts in the state before the
imperialist invasion and the changes that has been brought about in the art form because of
the invasion. The study involves the discussion on the area where the traditional aspects of
Indian visual arts from the state of Andhra Pradesh, which underwent changes during the
colonial era.
Importance of the study
The thesis involves a close study of the impact of the south Indian style of visual art and the
concern for economic condition that involved the art and influenced the development and the
changes in its manifestation. It also imperative to understand the emotional aspect of the
nationalist movement and the ones who were wholeheartedly involved in the movement.
Thus, it can be anticipated that the emotional attributes of the nationalism are most likely to
have an impact on the art form that developed alongside with it. The thesis basically takes
into consideration the time period of seven decades from 1947 till the year of 2013 to study
the changes the development of modification experienced by the art form in the country’s
southern side, long after the colonial imposition went over. The thesis is concerned with field
based study and evaluate the original works of the renowned painters from conducting a close
evaluation of their artistic style and the inspiration and the factors that had its impact on their
art forms. The thesis thus considers different schools of visual arts that have been practiced in
the state of Andhra Pradesh to conduct an all-inclusive and extensive study.

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The thesis aims at extensively examining the styles of artistry and the influences that
brought notable changes in the traditional features of different schools of arts located within
the geographical domain of Andhra Pradesh. The study of the influences is not restricted
within the impact of westerners’ interventions but also takes into consideration the impact of
the art schools from the province of Bengal and Mumbai, then Bombay. As the period
involved in the discussion experienced a movement towards modernization, the implication
of the same will be studied in the course of the study.
Indian by the virtue of its diverse tradition of culture experienced a rich and extensive
exchange of idea and inspirations that took place between the practioners of different art
forms spread over different geographical locations. The colonial invasion and along with that
invasion of ideas have been accepted by the traditional practitioners of art form who modified
them to suit their own intrinsic form. However, such new adaptation of the inspirations of
westerners’ invasion did not erase out the indigenous form of art or the indigenous
characteristic that allowed the Indian form of art to sickout of the other forms of art. The
objectives of the thesis can be noted down as follows
1. To understand the domain of the artist and their artworks
2. To excavate the factors of motivation and inspiration in the context of the struggles
that the artists had to go through
3. To examine the soci-economic context of the artist
4. To understand the implications of political context of the period concerned and the
linguistic aspect of the colonial invasion and the overthrow of the leaders as a process
of linguistic modification.
5. To evaluate the contribution of the formal education in paintings and visual arts as it
has been delivered by different schools concerned with fine arts.

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6. To understand the implication of bodies or institutions like exhibition centers,
galleries and critics in shaping the trend and the adjoined changes in the form
7. To evaluate the relationship between the creator of the art and those devouring it
The aim of the study is to map the practice of visual arts in the state of Andhra Pradesh
considering the factor of modernization and the variation of the same with their own regional
variation as it is apparent in the form of the arts that concerns the particular thesis paper. The
time frame within which the regional variation of modernization has been placed
approximately begins at 1956 when the formation of the state took place by its separation or
deviation from the Madras Presidency to 2013.
All the objectives as it has been enumerated in the earlier segment will include the lenses
of
Socioeconomic factors in dwelling with them where the factors intrinsic to society and the
economic conditions of those who involved within it. The advantage or the bright side of the
British colonialism can be noted in the fact that it created the gateway or exposed the Indian
subcontinent to the rest of the world and as a result inspired the flow of inspiration from
different part of the world. It helped in mitigating the orthodoxical ideals of the nation which
was rich in its intrinsic cultural resources.
An exposure to the English art can be noted in the work of earnest Havell, popularly
known as E.B Havell, inspired Rabindra Nath Tagore who introduced the aspect of
individualism and the notion of freedom through the inspiration drawn by him from the art of
Havells and exposed the young populations to the ideals that he had inculcated from west.
Such advent and intervention of western philosophy opened up the perspective of the
intellectuals from India who learned to adopt to the changing environment. Such changes
were noyt only apparent in the intellectual domain but can also be noted in the areas where

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religion and societal aspects are concerned. Such reforms in the peoples ways of thinking
were manifest in its implication in different forms of arts as well as literature such as poetry
and novels. During the concerned period , Bengal happened to be the stronghold of the
Romantic Movement that took place in the circle of intellect and art of India where the
pioneers were Rabindranath Tagore and Bankim Chandra.
First college concerned with the discipline of Art was established in Machilipatnam of
Andhra Pradesh under the name of Jateeya Kalasala. In order to understand the implication of
colonial invasion on the different forms of visual art is concerned it is imperative to have an
understanding of the status of the Indian visual arts dominating the southern part of the
country before the imperialist came in. The style of a particular artist is characterized by the
geographical and cultural location they have been placed along with the historical context of
the time when they inhabited. As a result artist who have operated in a similar geographical,
historical and societal framework exhibited similar kinds of attributes in their work.
However, in contrast to the situations where difference in attributes in arts can be
mapped, it has been seen that generalized attributes of arts can be divided on the basis of
attributes that influence them. The styles can be cultural for example the Aztec style from the
Mesoamerica, while there can be historic styles as it has been noticed the implication of
Gothic inspiration in the arts from parts of Europe. Other segments of styles includes the
impressionist art and the other dominated by schools. Such classification of art on the basis of
different styles deployed in the art provides on with a firm framework upon which one can
place the study of the history of art. It assists one in situating the history of art in socio
cultural context in order to formulate an extensive of the art in its own socio cultural context
unfamiliar to us.

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The aim of the researcher in this domain is to analyze the struggle of the state of
Andhra Pradesh in particular in the context if the freedom struggle and its contribution to the
nationwide struggle for freedom as a whole. It will be explored by the researcher in this
context how the work of the artists particularly the painters concerned with Visual fine arts
contributed to the struggle for freedom in order to achieve a specific style for the Indian form
of visual arts, only intrinsic to the country. This includes the art schools that are being
established in the geographical domain of Chennai.
Purpose of the Study
1. The importance of the contemporary artists from Andhra Pradesh in the context of the
Indian art, primarily in the period after the Independence till current time.
2. The factors influencing or creating strong impact on the painters and their art form
during the period when the independence was still to be achieved.
3. The contribution of the painters in different schools of the art concerned namely the
ones in Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam and few other privatized companies.
4. The role of the painters and the struggle that they undertook to thrive within the
transition that took place in the domain of art with modernization.
Limitations of the Study
The limitation is invested in the studies incapability to thrive deeply into the context
of eminent artist of the period of interest of the topic. Rather the study concentrates its focus
upon the major styles dominant in the period. The thesis does not dwell much to talk about
the separation of painters from the state where their root can be traced back to the state of
Andhra Pradesh rather the concentration is based on the thematic aspect like folk, abstract,
tantric and many similar others. This study also does not consider the contribution of

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privatized organization in the domain of art and in mapping its influence since post-
independence era.
1. The limitations therefore lie in the fact
2. To identify and scrutinize upon those artist who have been left out of the limelight
3. To dwell into the gallery catalogues and the concerned information from regarding the
critics, historians and artists intrinsically linked to this field.
4. To look into the availability of the resources particularly the original works done by
the artist, access to the photographs of those original works and to those of the artists
themselves
5. The ultimate aim of the study is therefore study and identify the contribution made
nby different artists including the ones who deviated from the conventional mode of
training and adopted the self-training mode.
Methodology
Following methods have been adopted by the researcher to conduct the research:
Method involving historical approach
Through this method, the researcher would try to visit museum, libraries, churches,
studios and painters, which will be an intrinsic part of conducting the research. The research
will take into consideration the ethnographic aspect of the painters both born in Andhra
Pradesh and those born outside the state however settled there afterwards. These painters will
be considered on the basis of the their works and the profiles of the painters who belong from
the post-independence era. The study has based its area of concern to the painters from
Andhra and the contribution that has been made by them and the influence that they went
through. However, the thesis seeks to move beyond the territory of its concern to discuss the