Wireless Communication Technologies and Security

Running Head: WIRELESS NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATION
WIRELESS NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATION
Name of the Student
Name of the University

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WIRELESS NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATION
Question 1
Defining different kinds of antenna:
1. Horn Antennas: A microwave horn or horn antenna is that kind of antenna which
is consist of flaring metal waveguide shaped like a horn for the radio waves to be directed in
a beam. These antennas are used at microwave frequency and UHF which are more than
300MHz (Esquius-Moroteet al., 2013). There are several types of horn antennas the
corrugated horn antenna, conical horn and pyramid antennas. The transition between free
space and wave guides are affected on the enabling of this antenna.
Following are the strength and weakness of the Horn antennas:
Strength Weakness
Good impedance match Flare angled and length of the flare must not
be very small
Small minor lobes are formed Decides the directivity
Greater directivity Designing of the flare angle
Narrow beam width
Avoids the standing waves
2. Helical Antennas: Helical antenna consists of wire that can conduct in the form of
a helix. Helical antennas are mostly grounded over a plane ground. Thus, feed line gets
connected between the ground and the bottom of the helix. The frequency by which the
helical antenna operates is from 30MHz to 3GHz (Ju& Zhang, 2014).
Following are the strength and weakness of the Helical antenna:

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WIRELESS NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATION
Strength Weakness
Wider bandwidth Efficiency decreases with the number of
turns
Provide polarized waves circularly The antenna size is large so it requires more
space
Have simple design
Also can be used at HF and VHF bands
Highest directivity
3. Yagi Antennas: Yagi antennas are also known as the Yagi-Uda antenna, which is has been
constructed in such a way that is simple but also has higher gain that is greater than 10dB
(Esquius-Moroteet al., 2013). This antenna can be operated in HF to UHF bands that are from
3MHz to 3GHz, therefore has smaller bandwidth. Basically used in the roof tops.
Following are the strength and weakness of the Yagi antenna:
Strength Weakness
High directives is achieved Prone to noise
High gain is achieved Experiences degradation of the electrical
characteristics
Less amount of power is needed Frequency range and bandwidth is limited
Easy of handling and maintenance Prone to atmospheric effects
Broader coverage of frequency