Health Information Systems: A Review of EHR, EMR, and PHR

This presentation reviews different Informatics tools used abundantly in health, such as electronic health records, electronic medical records and personal health records, and compare and contrast the benefits and drawbacks to arrive at a verdict.

Health information
system
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note:

Introduction
 Information technology systems are a revolutionary change in the healthcare
industry, it has not only improve the care quality that is provided to the consumer or
patients, it also has improved the interpersonal communication between different
members of the multidisciplinary team to provide safe and effective care (West,
Borland & Hammond, 2017).

This presentation will review different Informatics tools used abundantly in health,
such as electronic health records, electronic medical records and personal health
records, and compare and contrast the benefits and drawbacks to arrive at a verdict.

Aims and objectives:
 To review the current choice of health Informatics tools and devices in
use.
 Review the benefits of different health Informatics such as the electronic
health records, electronic medical records and personal health records.
 Review the difference between clinical information system and
administrative information system.
 Review the current information system being used in the organization
and its pros and cons.
 And lastly, rate the current information system being used in the
organization.

Current choice of health Informatics:
 Health Informatics is being used abundantly in the healthcare industry.
 The Healthcare information systems are known to capture, store,
manage, or transmit information related to the health and well-being of
the patients or the activities of any healthcare organization or facility.
 Clinical information systems are the most in use informatics in the
health care, which is also reported to reduce the medical errors and
enhance patient safety and welfare (Heart, Ben-Assuli & Shabtai, 2017).
 As per the statistical data, most notably used information systems are
electronic health records, electronic medical records, and personal
health records.

Difference between EHR, EMR, and PHR:
EHR:
 EHR refers to electronic health records, which is the digital
version of the paper charts that are originally used to
continuously review the health status of the patient.
 They are real time patient centred records that instantly
provide valuable information to the health care
professionals about the patient and their immediate care
need (West, Borland & Hammond, 2017).
 The EHR comprises of patient’s medical history, diagnoses,
medications, treatment plans, immunization dates,
allergies, radiology images, and laboratory and test results.
 It is an evidence based tool that automate and streamline
provider workflow (West, Borland & Hammond, 2017).

Difference between EHR, EMR, and PHR:
EMR:
 The EMR refers to electronic medical records,
which are equivalent of the EHR, but contains
lesser information or has general information.
 The EMR is the narrowed view of the medical
status of the patient, and are mainly used by
providers for diagnosis and treatment.
 EHRs lets medical information to move with
them to specialists, labs, imaging facilities,
emergency rooms and pharmacies, as well as
across state lines, whereas EMRs are not
designed to be shared outside the individual
practice (Heart, Ben-Assuli & Shabtai, 2017).

Difference between EHR, EMR, and PHR:
PHR:
 The personal health records or the PHR although is a device that is
directed for the patients to use to access their own health issues
effectively.
 PHRs are electronic applications via which the patients or the consumers
can maintain and manage their health information (and that of others
for whom they are authorized) in a private, secure, and confidential
environment (Kraan et al., 2015).
 Hence, it is not directed for service provider usage and is only accessible
for the patients, in contrast with EHR or EMR.

Difference between clinical information system and
administrative information system:
CIS:
 The clinical information system refers to the information system that has
been specifically designed to cater to the critical care environment.
 It is an integrative network of communication that connects many
departments and their informative systems in a modern hospital, such
as pathology and radiology to streamline safer and effective care in a
crisis or urgent care scenario (Weaver et al., 2016).

Difference between clinical information system and
administrative information system:
AIS:
 Administrative information system is primarily an application that serves
as a financial management device for any organization or facility.
 They streamline general administrative operations, manage financial
data, and support and facilitate smooth management functionality
(Wager, Lee & Glaser, 2017).

Current informative system used in the facility:
 The facility where I work uses Epic as the overall information system.
 Epic refers to the electronic privacy information centre, a privatized
health software that essentially develops more effective and advanced
along with being privately owned EMRs.
 The software has applications that support patient care, including
registration and scheduling; clinical systems for doctors, nurses,
emergency personnel, and other care providers; systems for lab
technologists, pharmacists, and radiologists; and billing systems for
insurers (Epic.Com, 2019).
 It offers the combined benefit of an EHR and EMR with utmost
information security

Rating the system in use:
 Rating the system that is being used in the
facility, it is a very advanced EMR system
which provides protected and secure access
to patient data and smoothens the care
process.
 Although, it is a closed software which makes
it expensive for the health care facilities to
continue using which in turn impacts the
health care costs patients and the facility is
bearing (Epic.Com, 2019).

Rating the system in use:
 Although it is a continuously expanding and
advancing software and with its recent
addition named share everywhere, patients
to authorize any provider who has internet
access to view their record in Epic and to
send progress notes back.
 Hence, given the pros and cons, I would
rate this system a 7.5/10, in hopes of the
software revamping it in a more cost
effective manner in the near future.

Conclusion:
 This presentation reviewed the health information systems in wide use
across the world and how it impacts the health acre service delivery
 The presentation reviewed the contract between EHR, EMR, and PHR
along with the difference between CIS and AIS
 Lastly, the presentation discussed EPIC, a renowned health software that
is currently being used in the facility.
 With the final scoring provided a verdict was successfully reached
regarding the use of the software in the facility.

References:
 Epic.Com (2019). Health information software. [Online]. Retrieved from
https://www.epic.com/. [Accessed on 29th Jan]
 Heart, T., Ben-Assuli, O., & Shabtai, I. (2017). A review of PHR, EMR and EHR
integration: A more personalized healthcare and public health policy. Health Policy
and Technology, 6(1), 20-25.
 Kraan, C. W., Piggott, J. J. H., van der Vegt, F., & Wisse, L. (2015). Personal Health
Records: Solving barriers to enhance adoption. E-health strategies.
 Wager, K. A., Lee, F. W., & Glaser, J. P. (2017). Health care information systems: a
practical approach for health care management. John Wiley & Sons.
 Weaver, C. A., Ball, M. J., Kim, G. R., & Kiel, J. M. (2016). Healthcare information
management systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
 West, V. L., Borland, D., & Hammond, W. E. (2017). Visualization of EHR and health
related data for information discovery.