Human trafficking in MANAGEMENT 2 MANAGEMENT

For this Signature Assignment, develop and present a proposal for your intended research using a quantitative design. While the most important elements in any proposal are the fundamentals of the problem, purpose, and research questions, the bulk of the assignment will be the methodology. You will want to organize this by subheadings. The actual headings and information that needs to be included in part depend on the method used to collect the data. In studies involving the collection of primary data, you want to be sure to include the details of your sampling plan, measurement of variables, the actual data collection procedure, plan of analysis, and justification for your decisions. Be sure to include the following information in your proposal: Introduction Statement of the Problem Purpose Statement 

Running head: MANAGEMENT
Human trafficking

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Table of Contents
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................3
Statement of the Problem...................................................................................................................3
Purpose Statement.............................................................................................................................5
Research Questions...........................................................................................................................5
Hypotheses:.......................................................................................................................................5
Methodology.........................................................................................................................................6
Research Design:...............................................................................................................................6
Operationalization of Variable...........................................................................................................8
Sample design....................................................................................................................................8
Data collection procedure..................................................................................................................9
Intended data analysis......................................................................................................................10
Limitations......................................................................................................................................12
References...........................................................................................................................................14

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Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Human trafficking considers the application of force, coercion, and fraud in terms of
obtaining some kinds of labour and commercial sex activities. In each year, millions of
women, men, and children are trafficked globally such as right here in the US. It could
happen in different communities and victims could be any gender, race, age as well as,
nationality. Along with this, traffickers may practice manipulation, violence, and false
promise for well-paying jobs and romantic associations in order to lure the victims into
trafficking conditions. Language barriers, fear of law enforcement, and fear of their
traffickers can frequently maintain the victims from seeking help as well as, creating human
trafficking is a concealed crime (Denton, 2016).
Traffickers use force, coercion, and fraud in order to lure the victims as well as, force them
labour along with, commercial sexual mistreatment. They focus on individuals who are prone
for different reasons such as economic hardship, emotional weakness, psychological
vulnerability, inadequate social safety net, economic hardship, political instability as well as,
natural disasters. The trauma is caused through traffickers could be highly effective that many
cannot address themselves as victims and ask for help as well as, even in settings of highly
public (Farrell, et. al., 2018).
There are different misconceptions and myths could exist. Furthermore, addressing key
indicators related to human trafficking is an initial phase for assessing the victims and could
support in saving a life. There are not all indicators listed are available in each human
trafficking situation as well as, the absence of different indicators is not unavoidably resistant
for human trafficking (Greenbaum, 2017).
The safety regarding public and victim is dominant. There is no attempt for facing a
suspected trafficker directly and attentive victim for any suspicions. It is about up to law

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execution to research the supposed cases regarding human trafficking. Trafficking considers
transporting individuals in exploitation condition. It could consider forced labour,
prostitution, weddings, as well as, organ removal. Such types of exploitation are alias as
trafficking of individuals, human trafficking, as well as, modern slavery which is ones
acknowledged through US department of public (Fedina, Williamson, & Perdue, 2019).
It is predicted that globally, there are between 20 million and 40 million individuals in
contemporary suppression in current times. There is a need to evaluate full scope of human
trafficking is complex since, so cases, so frequently may consider invisible, something UN
referred to as a concealed figure about crime (Musto, 2016).
Estimation recommends that globally, only .04% of survivors related to human trafficking
situations are addressed, meaning that different cases regarding human trafficking can be
concealed. It earns international profits related to roughly $150 billion a year related to
traffickers, $99 billion that originated from profitable erotic mistreatment (Rothman, et. al.,
2020).
Internationally, there is about 71% of imprisoned individuals are women as well as, girls
whereas boys and men have identified 29%. There are estimates which recommend that
approximately 50,000 individuals who are trafficked into US each year, highly from the
Philippines and Mexico. Under year of 2018, there are over half i.e. 51.6% of criminal human
trafficking conditions active in US were sex trafficking conditions considering only children
(Cerny, 2016).
In US, reports show that high number of survivors related to child sex trafficking that were at
one time in enhancing care system. Advocating account is that there is increasing trend for
traffickers that use online social media channels in terms of advertising and recruiting the
targets related to human trafficking (Greenbaum, et. al., 2017).

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The average age of teens arrives into sex trade in nation of the US is 12 to 14 years old. There
are different sufferers who were bestselling girls and who were sexually injured as children.
In year of 2018, hotline of national human trafficking has acquired larger calls through
California as compared to another state in the year of the US that is followed through Florida
and Texas in a respective manner (Connell, Jones, & Williams, 2018).
Purpose Statement
The purpose statement of this investigation proposal is to assess the factors affecting human
trafficking in the USA.
Research Questions
RQ1: What is impact of human trafficking in USA?
RQ2: Which factors can affect human trafficking in the USA?
RQ3: How to overcome human trafficking in the USA?
Hypotheses:
Following hypotheses would be used for completing the research:
H0: There is no significant association between economic, social, political factors, and
human trafficking
H1: There is no significant association among economic, social and political factors and
human trafficking

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Methodology
Research Design:
Quantitative research is methodological pragmatic research about pooled scenario. It is
identified by computational, statistical, as well as. scientific way. Moreover, main objectives
related to quantitative research are to develop and consider methodological aspect and
theories about investigation concern (Rutberg & Bouikidis, 2018). The process of evaluation
is significant to develop quantitative investigation because it facilitates fundamental link
between mathematical arrival and empirical thought regarding quantitative relatives.
Moreover, quantitative information are any facts that are in a mathematical model like
percentages as well as, statistics (Neumayer & Plümper, 2017).
An investigator can evaluate the information through statistics and anticipates the amounts. It
is significant in terms of obtaining impartial outcomes that could be inclusive to a large
population. Furthermore, key objective of using a quantitative investigator is to identify
association among dependent and independent variables in the context of population. This
research design could be experimental as well as, described. Along with this, a descriptive
research develops any associations between variables and, an experimental investigation that
addresses causality (Zyphur & Pierides, 2017).
Survey forms are a significant strategy for contrasting the different techniques for gathering
the present information. It is certainly significant in terms of developing a feasible survey
form that can receive genuine, applicable as well as, the great response through participants
who involve in doing a survey questionnaire. Moreover, questionnaires are used to be a
shared process in terms of gathering the information from survey because it is virtually
efficient and unprofitable (Goertzen, 2017). Hence, survey form would be chosen for this
research to become low-expenses and that investigator can go in depth situation in

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investigation and processes for assessing the specified variants such as human trafficking and
social, political, and economic factors (Bryman, 2017).
The survey form would be shared with individuals who presently involved in human
trafficking. Furthermore, these people were found by exploring internet portals. The survey
form would consist of different sections such as sections A, B, and C. Under section A,
questions would be asked related to participant profiles such as their age, gender, and home
country (Brannen, 2017). Section B will consider the question related to the impact of human
trafficking in the US. This question is used to make sure that the profile of respondents is
associated with dependent variables. Under section C, questions would rely on Likert scale
questions (Aziz, et. al., 2017). This is a renowned process within investigation specifically in
the data collection process.
The Likert scale measurement is about in which, participants can choose from classification
scale up in terms of expressing the agreements and disagreements with offered statement and
agreement certainty (Cuervo‐Cazurra, et. al., 2017). The survey form would be related to
Likert scale as well as, participants can choose from five statement measurement scale that is
relied on the following elements:
 Strongly Agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly Disagree
Moreover, Likert scale rating would be demonstrated in straight line for offering ease to
participants when responding. An investigator is essential for considering favourable and
unfavourable statements in the topic field for participants in order to read each statement
cautiously as well as, decide the responds (Bell, Bryman, & Harley, 2018). Hence, this

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research questionnaire would make sure to involve both favourable and unfavourable
statements. The statement would be focused on independent variables and its relation to the
dependent variables that are factors affecting human trafficking. These factors are political,
social, and economic factors (Basias & Pollalis, 2018).
Operationalization of Variable
(Sources: Taherdoost, 2017).
According to the above conceptual structure, it can be assessed that there are diverse factors
that could directly influence human trafficking. These factors are political, social, and
economic factors. Hence, the government should regulate some strategies to stop or
minimizing human trafficking (Mellinger & Hanson, 2016). Moreover, two variables would
be applied in this investigation like the independent variable as well as, dependent variable.
Moreover, independent variable will be factors affecting human trafficking and dependent
variables would be human traffickers (Taherdoost, 2017).
Sample design
Sampling approach referred to as the process of selecting suitable candidates for the study to
react to the study questionnaire. Hence, it is imperative for meeting the objectives of the
study in an effective manner. There are different types of sampling strategies named as non-
probability as well as probability sampling approach. These tools would enable the researcher
in selecting suitable observation by the huge number of populations. From this method,
Factors affecting human
trafficking
Political factors
Social factors
Economic factors
Human Traffickers

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probability sampling tool that will be implemented for practising simple random sampling
tool (Basias & Pollalis, 2018).
In a sampling tool, each individual has equal possibilities of reacting to an outcome. The non-
probability sampling is also imperative but this method is quite complicated as compared to
another tool. The sampling tool aids to select the research candidates on the basis of age,
knowledge, and skills (Quinlan, et. al., 2019).
For conducting this study, random probability sampling approach would be considered by the
researcher. The chosen respondents would provide answering the researcher question by
considering the monkey survey. This tool would be effective for collecting the depth
information towards the research matter. It is an imperative tool for choosing candidates for
different causes. This method would be also simple because each member who would be
selected for the study could have right to equally participates in the study (Gray, 2019). Thus,
it can be evaluated that this method would assist the researcher in getting information about
the research issue. It is evaluated that the researcher would select the people to conduct the
study in an effective manner. This method would be mainly practised to eliminate the biases
from the research caused by meeting the organizational task (Snyder, 2019). In this study, the
researcher will select 50 human traffickers of USA to comprehend human trafficking. This
method will also assist to deeply understand human trafficking and enables to get a reliable
conclusion.
Data collection procedure
In performing this study, primary data gathering tool will be practised by the investigator.
This information will be gathered by the survey tool it is because this method assists the
investigator in forgetting the huge amount of data by particular candidates. The researcher
could deliver reliable data towards the study matter that would be imperative in improving
the validity as well as reliability of the collected research result (Aziz, et. al., 2017).

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Survey through questionnaire tool would be implemented by the investigator to collect views
and perception of candidates towards the increasing human trafficking in nation. It is
illustrated that survey monkey method assists the researcher from effectively accomplished
the study and meet the targeted aim of the study. This tool would also be imperative to get the
quality result by obtaining authentic information. It can be illustrated that the researcher
practised this tool to achieve aim and objectives of investigation matter (Bryman, 2017).
Intended data analysis
After collecting information, it is essential for needed for researcher to obtain the information
and solving the research issue effectively. With respect to this, the different tool of data
evaluation is practised by the researcher named as the content analysis, statistical analysis,
conversational analysis, and disclosure analysis. These tools were practised by the researcher
on the basis of need and requirement of the study (Bryman, 2017).
It is imperative for the researcher to effectively select a suitable tool and evaluate the
information that is usually effective for meeting the aim of the research matter. It is effective
for evaluating the gathered information in an effective manner. In performing this study,
statistical information examination is practised by the investigator. By practising the
investigator to capable to use the descriptive method by entailing different source named as
cross-tabulation as well as regression correlation (Goertzen, 2017).
It is imperative for interpreting causes behind the reason of research candidates. Apart from
this, it is evaluated that the investigator practised both SPSS as well as Ms-Excel software to
show the information by considering the table and graph. It is imperative for building the
understanding of reactions as well as findings of the study (Rutberg & Bouikidis, 2018). The
following techniques would be used in data analysis:
Software

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SPSS is an imperative tool which is usually practised by the investigator to statistical
evaluation than AMOS- E views. SPSS would be practised to simply import data as well as
offers full examines for setting the statistical evaluation. It will also enable elastic table that
are straightforward in operating the work as well as evaluating the frequencies. It offers to
descriptive data and shows factual data by entailing graph as well as charts. This technique
would be effective for solving the problem at the same time. It would support to increase the
reliability as well as the validity of the study result. It will facilitate to build an effective
conclusion with respect to the research matter (Mellinger & Hanson, 2016).
Outputs
This technique would be practised to pool the data by the specified population about human
trafficking. This study would be performed by considering diverse questionnaire (Neumayer
& Plümper, 2017). The following methods were practised by the researcher:
Descriptive Analysis
Descriptive method is determined as the team of the statistical coefficient that concludes as
particular information set. It could show facts about the entire population as well as samples.
The evaluation would be practised for discussing the information is the data set that evaluates
central tendency, variation, and dispersion. The sample about this study would be controlled
by the investigator as well as evaluating by a descriptive tool. Moreover, it is examined that
the reaction of respondents would be summarized by evaluating the standard deviation of
collected information (Quinlan, et. al., 2019).
Reliability and Validity
Reliability demonstrates the extent of validity as well as reliability of dimension. Hence, for
the measuring reliability of the study, inter-item Cronbach's Alpha as well as correlation
would be practised by the researcher. This method would assist to get information about the
research matter. Cronbach's Alpha examines internal reliability among variables and it is an

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effective tool for measuring reliability of the scale. Moreover, Cronbach's Alpha will evaluate
responses by scale wherein 0 denoted as consistency as well as 1 is demonstrated as the
higher reliability, 0.70 demonstrates for new resources as well as 1 is considered as perfect
correlation (Basias & Pollalis, 2018).
Normality
Normality is the statistical evaluation that evaluates data allocation. This method would be
practiced to use Kurtosis as well as Skewness in measuring data. It would support to meet the
research matter (Gray, 2019).
Regression
Regression evaluation is a conceptual tool for evaluating functional relationships among
variables. With the application of this study, linear regression would be practised to evaluate
as well as examine causal relationships between different variables. In this, the investigator
would use statistical evaluation to obtain validity as well as reliability of the research result
(Rutberg & Bouikidis, 2018).
Correlation
Correlation evaluation is practised to examine the positive attitude as well as the degree on
which two or more factors are connected. There is a huge number of statistical tools that
would be practised to evaluate correlation coefficient named as Pearson’s product-moment,
Kendall’s Tau as well as Spearman’s Rho. In this study, Pearson’s correlation would be
effective for evaluating the relationship between different variables (Mellinger & Hanson,
2016).
Limitations
There are some research concerns that are faced by an investigator at the time of the
investigation. These concerns are cost, time constraints, and lack of resources. It can develop
difficulties in collecting the data in an efficient manner. There is some limitation that could

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be faced by an investigator when conducting the survey through questionnaire and selecting
the size of the sample. Along with this, an investigator would be liable for maintaining the
privacy of respondent data. These limitations could influence the validity and reliability of
research outcomes (Reilly & Jones III, 2017).
The following are some research limitation that has created difficulties in meeting the
research:
Time constraint
An investigator has a particular time period in terms of conducting cross-sectional research.
Because, an investigator has to participate in the classes as well as, need to complete 2 to 3
coursework during the research period. This factor demonstrates that an investigator has
delayed at the time of data about the investigation (Snyder, 2019).
Fund
An investigator was adequate by finance because an investigator has a low income, therefore,
they do not have sufficient amounts for spending on travel in different fields of the USA as
well as, conducting online monkey survey for gathering the opinion of different participants
related to human trafficking (Gray, 2019).
Ethnocentrism
As an outsider in the USA, it was difficult for investigators in order to obtain the response
through the US since some respondents will feel uncomfortable in terms of interacting with
outsider and some will feel insecure. They can focus on the rude and uncultured activities of
the investigator (Quinlan, et. al., 2019).

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