Navigating Challenges in the Oil and Gas Sector: The Impact of Price Disruption

The provided content discusses various aspects related to the oil and gas sector, including water management, shale gas production, linguistic research methodologies, renewable energy systems, and sustainability. The references listed are academic articles and books that explore topics such as reconciliation and relationality in water research and management, boundary-making in feminist research, rapid expansion of natural gas development, water management challenges associated with hydraulic fracturing, and transformational sustainability research methodology.

To identify the factors responsible for price disruption in
oil and gas sector: An evaluation of artificial manipulation
of oil prices across the world economy.
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ABSTRACT
Oil and gas sector which is operated at global level is facing major issues in related to
price level. In the present study, the researcher has been focused on the study of analyzing the
factors which create a situation of price disruption. By having an improved focus on the factors
which impact economic conditions and operational activities of oil and gas sector the issue can
be addressed in an appropriate manner. In the present study, mixed approach has been used by
scholar. Moreover, in this both qualitative and quantitative investigation type has been selected
by scholar. In this way, by addressing the issue according to such approaches researcher can
present the fair view of study. Besides this, data has been gathered and analyzed by scholar
through the means of both interpretivism and positivism philosophy. Further, it has been
articulated from primary data investigation that global oil and gas sector is facing high level of
issues in relation to the maintenance of price level. It can be seen in the report that large number
of economists said that by employing new standards and rules companies which are operating in
oil and gas sector can deal with the issue of oil disruption.
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
Background of the study..............................................................................................................4
Rationale of research...................................................................................................................4
Research aims and objectives......................................................................................................5
Significance of the study..............................................................................................................5
Structure.......................................................................................................................................5
Literature Review.............................................................................................................................6
RESERACH METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................8
Research approach.......................................................................................................................8
Research philosophy....................................................................................................................8
Research type...............................................................................................................................8
Data collection.............................................................................................................................9
Sampling......................................................................................................................................9
Data analysis technique...............................................................................................................9
Ethical consideration..................................................................................................................10
Research limitations...................................................................................................................10
Data Analysis.................................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION and recommendations..........................................................................................25
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................27
Appendix........................................................................................................................................29
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4

INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
In the current market, the oil and gas sector plays a critical role in economic
development. It has been noticed that at global the sector is facing the key issue regarding price
disruption. A situation in which market focuses on the functional aspects to meet the regular
values. Along with this, diverse characteristic and rapid aspects are also being considered
because market faces the issue in decline (Inkpen and Moffett, 2011). In addition to this, it can
be said that market disruption is also considered as the critical aspect in which panic conditions
is being faced by the companies. In addition to this, it can be said that price disruption also
creates a challenging circumstance for the organization in which overall outcome might get
affected (Kelland, 2014).
In the present study, the researcher will focus on the study of analyzing the factors which
create a situation of price disruption. By having an improved focus on the factors which impact
economic conditions and operational activities of oil and gas sector the issue can be addressed in
an appropriate manner. Moreover, the innovation in the work activities is also essential so that
issue can be resolved. The researcher will also focus on ways that might help in meeting
objectives.
Rationale of research
What is the issue?
The key issue of the present report is a disruption in the pricing of oil and gas products.
In the current market, the businesses are focused towards business expansion so that goals and
objectives can be accomplished in the desired manner, but due to market fluctuations the issue of
price disruption occurs and impact the working (Entrekin and et.al., 2011). It is significant for a
business firm to understand the concept of price disruption and factors that cause working of the
organisation.
Why is it an issue?
Oil and gas sector plays a critical role in the international economy, so any changes in
pricing and working also impacts the economic system. Due to changes in work practice of oil
5

and gas sector, the policies of other sectors also get influenced which impact the economic
development in a diverse manner (Gregory, Vidic and Dzombak, 2011).
Manipulation in pricing is also a key issue in the sector which also influences the overall
outcome in context to economic development. Along with this, there are some factors which
create a disruption and manipulation in the industry (Inkpen and Moffett, 2011). Many
companies are not aware of the factors that impact the work style and create price disruption, so
it is also significant to understand in the appropriate manner.
What could this research shed light on?
To light the research issue, the researcher will focus on the evaluation of diverse factors
which plays the key role in working with oil and gas sector. By having an improved focus on the
research, the key values of the sector will be analyzed so that reason behind price disruption can
be analyzed in a critical manner (Kelland, 2014). It will also allow identifying the factors
responsible for price disruption in oil and gas sector.
Research aims and objectives
 To analyze the trend of global oil and gas sector.
 To develop understanding about the concept of price disruption.
 To assess the factors that are responsible for oil-disruption that takes place in oil and gas
industry.
 To identify the ways through which condition of oil-disruption can be improved.
Significance of the study
Oil and gas price disruption is the major issue of economy and that have major impact on
global growth and conditions. In this, such study will provide high level of assistance to scholar
in analyzing the trend of such sector who is planning to conduct investigation on similar topic.
Further, by considering the outcome of study both OPEC and non-OPEC countries can develop
highly suitable and competent framework (Kelland, 2014). In this way, such study and its
outcome are highly significant which in turn provides high level of assistance to scholar as well
as oil and gas companies in making highly suitable framework.
Structure
In order to prepare thesis in a highly structured way five chapters have been included by
scholar. Hence, in the first chapter of study researcher has clearly mentioned aims and objectives
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of study. Besides this, in such chapter researcher also presents significance and rationale behind
conducting of study. Along with this, in the second chapter researcher evaluates the view points
of different scholar in a critical way. By this, researcher prepares brief thesis which in turn helps
in analyzing and evaluating data in the best possible way. In the third chapter, researcher
identifies methodology which highly suits to the present study. Thereafter, in the fourth and fifth
chapter researcher has analyzed and concludes all the findings.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction
After the introduction of the research, the next chapter is literature review. It forms an
important section of the dissertation. In this section, information which the researcher has
gathered from a range of secondary sources is presented. In addition to this, it can be said that
statements provided by different authors in context to the subject will be evaluated. By having an
improved focus on the literature review the research gape can be addressed in appropriate
manner. Along with this, critical review of different authors documents is also being considered
as a critical aspect for the study. In present study the literature review will focus on effective
understanding of price disruption so that objectives of overall research can be accomplished. It
will also provide an information in regard to factors that influence the price disruption so that
goals and objectives can be accomplished in desired manner. By providing a highlight on the
diverse values which are associated with subject. Moreover, the ways to improve the working of
oil and gas sector will also be referred in appropriate manner. With an assistance of this, better
understanding in regard to the subject can be evaluated effectively so that effective outcome of
study can be attained.
Concept of price disruption
Price disruption is considered as a phase where business firm faces the issues in regard to
pricing. It is significant for businesses to have proper understanding in regard to price disruption
so that goals and objectives can be accomplished in desired manner. In addition to this, it can be
said that price volatility is being a critical aspect which influences overall outcome effectively. A
situation in which price volatility increases in diverse way the financial issues are occurred in the
sector. It increases the operational cost of overall process which influences the stability aspects
within oil and gas sector. According to (Entrekin and et.al., 2011), a global financial crisis in oil
7

and gas sector also occurs due to price disruption. It also enhances the circumstances that
demand high level of changes so that sustainable aspects can be promoted effectively. Price
disruption is considered as critical because it impacts the effectiveness of overall processing in
diverse manner. In the current market, the oil and gas sector plays a critical role in economic
development. It has been noticed that at global the sector is facing the key issue regarding price
disruption. Gregory, Vidic and Dzombak, (2011) has stated that a situation in which market
focuses on the functional aspects to meet the regular values. Along with this, diverse
characteristic and rapid aspects are also being considered because market faces the issue in
context to decline. In addition to this, it can be said that overall outcome in context to the
economic conditions are not effective due to high level of price disruption. Overall trade
activities also get influences which create instability within business. Market disruption is also
considered as the critical aspect in which panic conditions is being faced by the companies. In
addition to this, it can be said that price disruption also creates a challenging circumstance for the
organization in which overall outcome might get affected. It has also been contended that by
having an improved focus on the disruption concept the business firm can improve work
conditions.
Factors that impact price disruption
Inkpen and Moffett, (2011) has contended that there are number of factors which might
impact the working of oil and gas sector and causes price disruption. One of key factor is costing
of diverse operational activities. It might affect the overall outcome and create issues. If
company is having appropriate understanding about further working in context to economic
values then further issues can be overcome. It has been noticed that any kind of changes in the
transportation cost might increase the overall cost. It causes the price disruption and impact the
overall working of organisation. Kelland (2014) has asserted that Oil and gas sector plays a
critical role in the international economy, so any changes in pricing and working also impacts the
economic system. Due to changes in work practice of oil and gas sector, the policies of other
sectors also get influenced which impact the economic development in a diverse manner. In
addition to this, it can be said that pricing need to consider as a critical aspect for sustainable
development. Along with this, changes in international aspects like political differences are also
critical aspect which might affect the overall outcome. If political aspects are not properly
8

maintained then it will influence the working in diverse manner. Moreover, the overall changes
in work aspects are also a factor which might affect the overall outcome.
Ways to improve working of oil and gas sector
Memmott, Craze, Waser and Price (2007) has contended that there are number of ways
that can be employed by businesses in order to improve the working of oil and gas sector. It has
been noticed that by having application of new standards in context to operations so that cost can
be controlled. With an assistance of this, oil and gas working can be improved. Improvement in
pricing strategy might help in overcome the issue of price disruption. Along with this, it has been
noticed that improvement in operational activities is also significant because it helps in
sustainable development. Transportation standards also need to be improved so that goals and
objectives can be accomplished effectively.
RESERACH METHODOLOGY
Research approach
Inductive and deductive are the main two approaches which in turn helps researcher in
finding suitable solution of the issue. Researcher needs to select approach of the study by taking
into consideration the type of investigation undertaken (Cuomo and Massaro, 2016). To identify
the factors which may cause of price disruption in the oil and gas sector mixed approaches of
research has been used by scholar. Moreover, in this both qualitative and quantitative
investigation type has been selected by scholar. In this way, by addressing the issue according to
such approaches researcher can present the fair view of study.
Research philosophy
Philosophies of the research can be divided into two parts such as interpretivism and
positivism philosophies. Such philosophies clearly provide deeper insight to the researcher about
the way in which data will be gathered and analyzed by scholar (Wiek and Lang, 2016). Hence,
in this, data had gathered and analyzed by scholar through the means of both interpretivism and
positivism philosophy.
Research type
Qualitative, quantitative and mixed are the main two research types which can be used by
scholar for assessing the factors that are responsible for price-disruption occurs in oil sector. In
the present study, mixed approach has been used by scholar. On the basis of this aspect,
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qualitative investigation has been conducted by researcher to analyze qualitative facts. Further,
quantitative tools also have been applied by scholar to determine solution from secondary data
gathered from varied sources. Hence, by considering all such aspects mixed approach has been
selected by scholar.
Data collection
Data is the main input which in turn helps researcher in finding suitable solution of
problem is going to be investigated. In this, primary and secondary are the main two types of
data which can be gathered by scholar for analyzing the extent to which different factors have
influence on the prices of oil and gas sector (Hussain and Khuddro, 2016). In the present study,
both primary and secondary data has been gathered by scholar to assess the major factors which
have high level of influence on the changes that take place in oil and gas sector.
Thus, survey has been conducted by researcher via questionnaire on 5 economists of UK.
Moreover, economists have better knowledge regarding the level to which one factor has impact
on another. Further, secondary data in relation to oil prices, institutional investment and
exchange rate has been gathered from the period of 2007 to 2016. Thus, by making analysis of
such data outcome researcher has identified the factors that closely influence the price level of
oil and gas industry.
Sampling
For organizing and getting highly valuable information from survey researcher is
required to select suitable sample size. Moreover, it is not possible for researcher to conduct
investigation on whole population (Castleden and et.al., 2017). In this regard, by taking into
account simple random sampling 5 economists have been selected by scholar for conducting
survey in an effectual way. Thus, by taking reviews from economists research has assessed the
factors due to which oil prices fluctuate.
Data analysis technique
Data analysis is the process of recording and analyzing data in a highly structured manner
through the means of logical and statistical tools (Kondziella and Bruckner, 2016). To analyze
the gathered data set both thematic and SPSS tools have been applied by scholar with the aim to
assess suitable solution. Hence, by preparing several themes views of respondents have been
analyzed by scholar. Beside this, SPSS tool such as regression has been applied by scholar to
10

determine suitable outcome or solution from secondary data gathered relation to exchange rate,
oil prices and institutional investments. In this way, by testing hypothesis and evaluating the
respondents view researcher has presented the major factors that have high level of impact on oil
prices.
Ethical consideration
To raise the effectiveness of study researcher has followed all ethical aspects to the
significant level. Hence, before sending questionnaire to the respective economists scholar has
taken permission from them. This aspect clearly shows that research has not compelled anyone
in relation to filling of questionnaire. Further, researcher has clearly presented the specific
section of references and made proper citation of related source. Along with this, researcher has
also maintained high level of confidentiality of data gathered from several economists. For this
purpose, researcher has made use of high-tech software’s and techniques. Hence, all these
aspects clearly present that ethical rules and regulations have been followed by scholar to the
significant level.
Research limitations
In the present study, there are some limitations which closely influence the significance
and outcome of study. Moreover, in this survey has been conducted by scholar only on 5
economists due to having limited time frame. However, with the aim to overcome such limitation
to a great extent global data in relation to exchange rate, institutional investment and exchange
rate been gathered by investigator.
DATA ANALYSIS
Qualitative analysis
Theme 1. Does oil and gas sector faces issues of pricing
Does
oil and
gas
sector
faces
issues
of
Frequency
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pricing
Yes 3
No 2
On the basis of above table, it can be stated that oil and gas is facing a critical issue in
regard to pricing. It has been noticed that out of 5 respondents the 3 of them has stated that oil
and gas sector faces issues of pricing. In addition to this, it can be said that 2 of respondents are
not agreed with the statement. In order to improve the work conditions, effective monitoring of
pricing strategy is significant. It also allows to have continuous improvement in performance so
that goals and objectives can be accomplished effectively. . If company is having appropriate
understanding about further working in context to economic values then further issues can be
overcome. It has been noticed that any kind of changes in the transportation cost might increase
the overall cost. It causes the price disruption and impact the overall working of organisation.
Theme 2. By having application of new standards in context to operations so that cost can be
controlled
12

By having
application of
new standards
in context to
operations so
that cost can be
controlled Frequency
Strongly agree 2
Agree 1
Neutral 1
Disagree 0
Strongly
disagree 1
13

When it is asked to the respondents that application of new standards is beneficial for
organisation because it allows to improve work conditions. It has been noticed that out of 5
respondents the 2 of them strongly agreed with the statement that by having application of new
standards in context to operations so that cost can be controlled. In addition to this, it can be said
that 1 of member of study has said that he is agreed with the statement. By having an improved
focus on the work standards improvement so that goals and objectives can be accomplished in
desired manner. Only one of member is not agreed with the statement because standards are not
set according to policies.
Theme 3. Improvement in pricing strategy might help in overcome the issue of price disruption
Improvement
in pricing
strategy might
help in
overcome the
issue of price
disruption Frequency
Strongly agree 3
Agree 1
Neutral 0
Disagree 1
Strongly
disagree 0
14

It has been noticed that improvement in pricing strategy might help in overcome the issue
of price disruption. On the basis of above respondents it can be said that majority of manager
percept that effective allocation of pricing strategy is beneficial because it assist in sustainable
development. Out of 5 respondents the 3 of them has stated that they are strongly agreed with the
statement that improvement in pricing strategy might help in overcome the issue of price
disruption. In addition to this, it can be said that only 1 of them has stated that he is not agreed
with the statement. It indicates that operational activities standards are also need to be taken into
account so that goals and objectives can be accomplished in desired manner.
Theme 4. Changes in international aspects affect the issue of price disruption
Changes in
international
aspects
affect the
issue of
price
disruption Frequency
Yes 4
15

No 1
According to responses taken into account, it can be stated that changes in international
aspects affect the issue of price disruption. It has been noticed that out of 5 respondents the 4 of
them has stated that changes in the international aspects enhances the overall outcome
effectiveness. By having an improved focus on the international values the key aspects can be
advanced. If international values are not being considered effectively from the managers then it
will impact the application of standards. In addition to this, it can be said that 1 of respondent is
not agreed with the statement. In order to improve the work conditions the proper understanding
of international aspects is significant so that goals and objectives can be accomplished in desired
manner.
Theme 5. Global financial crisis in oil and gas sector also occurs due to price disruption
16

Global
financial crisis
in oil and gas
sector also
occurs due to
price
disruption Frequency
Strongly agree 3
Agree 1
Neutral 0
Disagree 0
Strongly
disagree 1
By having a proper analysis of gathered information, it can be stated that global financial
crisis in oil and gas sector also occurs due to price disruption. In addition to this, it can be stated
that if oil and gas industry is facing issues then it will impact the overall trade activities. It
17

reflects that global trade activities and price disruption holds a high level of relation with each
other. Out of 5 respondents, 4 of them have stated that global financial crisis in oil and gas sector
also occurs due to price disruption. It has been noticed that in order to have sustainable
opportunities the business firm need to make sure about international values. By having
assistance of this, diverse issues can be overcome in desired manner.
Theme 6: Price disruption is considered as critical because it impacts the effectiveness of
overall process
Price
disruption is
considered as
critical because
it impacts the
effectiveness
of overall
process Frequency
Strongly agree 2
Agree 1
Neutral 1
Disagree 0
Strongly
disagree 1
18

On the basis of responses, it can e stated that price disruption is considered as critical
because it impacts the effectiveness of overall process. It has been noticed that out of 5
respondents the 2 of them has stated that they are strongly agreed with the statement. By having
an improved focus on the issues related to the price disruption the overall working can be
advanced in critical manner. In addition to this, it can be said that 1 of them has stated that he is
not well aware about price disruption and its impact on the overall outcome. It is one of key
reason that they cannot provide appropriate understanding about such aspect.
Quantitative analysis
In order to assess the factors that are responsible for price disruption in oil and gas sector
regression tool has been applied by the researcher. By this, scholar has assessed the extent to
which exchange rate and investment contracts have high level of impact on the prices of oil and
gas sector.
Data of crude oil prices, investment contracts and exchange rate for the period of 10 years are as
follows:
Year Prices of
crude oil
Investment contracts (In
thousands) Exchange rate GBP / $
2007 69.04 1293.24 1.98
19

2008 94.1 1402.3 1.46
2009 60.86 1214.52 1.62
2010 77.38 1312.36 1.56
2011 107.46 1529.7 1.55
2012 109.45 1475.08 1.63
2013 105.87 1608.23 1.66
2014 96.29 1629.87 1.56
2015 49.49 1680.26 1.47
2016 40.68 1779.41 1.23
Regression
Oil price disruption = α + β*exchange rate + α + β*institutional investment + et
Impact of institutional investment on price disruption of oil and gas
Hypothesis1
Ho: There is no significant relationship in the oil price disruption and institution
investment.
H1: There is significant relationship in the oil price disruption and institution investment.
Regression
Notes
Output Created 20-JAN-2017 14:07:03
Comments
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Missing Value
Handling
Definition of Missing User-defined missing
values are treated as
missing.
20

Cases Used
Statistics are based on
cases with no missing
values for any variable
used.
Syntax
REGRESSION
/MISSING LISTWISE
/STATISTICS COEFF
OUTS R ANOVA
/CRITERIA=PIN(.05)
POUT(.10)
/NOORIGIN
/DEPENDENT price
/METHOD=ENTER
investment.
Resources
Processor Time 00:00:00.05
Elapsed Time 00:00:00.08
Memory Required 1396 bytes
Additional Memory
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0 bytes
[DataSet0]
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model Variables
Entered
Variables
Removed
Method
1 investmentb . Enter
a. Dependent Variable: price
b. All requested variables entered.
Model Summary
21

Model R R Square Adjusted R
Square
Std. Error of
the Estimate
1 .109a .012 -.112 26.567
a. Predictors: (Constant), investment
ANOVAa
Model Sum of
Squares
df Mean
Square
F Sig.
1
Regression 67.424 1 67.424 .096 .765b
Residual 5646.331 8 705.791
Total 5713.755 9
a. Dependent Variable: price
b. Predictors: (Constant), investment
Coefficientsa
Model Unstandardized
Coefficients
Standardized
Coefficients
t Sig.
B Std. Error Beta
1 (Constant) 103.106 71.813 1.436 .189
investment -.015 .048 -.109 -.309 .765
22

a. Dependent Variable: price
Interpretation or analysis: Output of SPSS clearly presents that .10 relationships
take place between the two variables such as investment and price disruption.
Hence, by considering such aspect it can be said that lower level of relationship
takes place between institutional investment and price disruption. By considering
such aspect it can be said that institutional investment does not have high level of
impact on the price level of oil and gas sector.
Further, r square shows that price of oil and gas will increase or decrease by 1% if
any kind of changes take place in the institutional investments. Along with this,
beta of independent variable is negative which in turn shows that volatility level is
negligible. From, literature review section it has been assessed that both
institutional investment and prices of oil and gas are highly influenced from several
aspects such as political changes, laws and legislation, technological aspect,
demand as well as supply etc.
Moreover, now with the rise in technical advancement use of CNG is increased
with the very high pace. Hence, due to the availability of alternative options and
having more focus of people on sustainable environment consumption of oil and
gas reduced significantly. Thus, out of all such factors institutional investments
have less impact on price disruption of oil and gas sector.
Impact of exchange rate on price disruption of oil and gas
Regression
Hypothesis 2
H0: There is no significant relationship in oil price disruption and exchange rate.
H1: There is significant relationship in oil price disruption and exchange rate.
Notes
23

Output Created 20-JAN-2017 14:07:17
Comments
Input
Active Dataset DataSet0
Filter <none>
Weight <none>
Split File <none>
N of Rows in Working Data
File 12
Missing Value Handling
Definition of Missing User-defined missing values
are treated as missing.
Cases Used
Statistics are based on cases
with no missing values for
any variable used.
Syntax
REGRESSION
/MISSING LISTWISE
/STATISTICS COEFF
OUTS R ANOVA
/CRITERIA=PIN(.05)
POUT(.10)
/NOORIGIN
/DEPENDENT price
/METHOD=ENTER
Exchangerate.
Resources
Processor Time 00:00:00.05
Elapsed Time 00:00:00.05
Memory Required 1396 bytes
Additional Memory Required
for Residual Plots 0 bytes
[DataSet0]
Variables Entered/Removeda
Model Variables
Entered
Variables
Removed
Method
24

1 Exchangerateb . Enter
a. Dependent Variable: price
b. All requested variables entered.
Model Summary
Model R R Square Adjusted R
Square
Std. Error of the
Estimate
1 .299a .090 -.024 25.500
a. Predictors: (Constant), Exchangerate
ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1
Regression 511.614 1 511.614 .787 .401b
Residual 5202.141 8 650.268
Total 5713.755 9
a. Dependent Variable: price
b. Predictors: (Constant), Exchangerate
Coefficientsa
Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized
Coefficients
t Sig.
B Std. Error Beta
1 (Constant) 18.261 71.259 .256 .804
Exchangerate 39.950 45.039 .299 .887 .401
25

a. Dependent Variable: price
Analysis and interpretation: The above mentioned table shows that correlation
which takes place between exchange rate and price disruption level of oil and gas
is .30. It shows that moderate level of relationship exists between both such
variables. Hence, if exchange rate fluctuates then it will place some impact on the
prices of oil and gas. Secondary data investigation entails that countries consider
exchange rate while investing money in the oil and gas. Usually, countries are
encouraged to employ money in oil and gas when the value of their currency
appreciates in against to US$.
Moreover, monetary position of the country is highly influenced from the
fluctuations occur in the exchange rates. In addition to this, beta value is .29 that is
lower than 1. Hence, such aspect presents that exchange rate has an impact on price
disruption to some extent. Moreover, political and economic factors have high level
of impact on the position or level of currency. By considering such aspect it can be
said that political aspects such as tax as well as inflationary and deflationary
conditions are the main reasons due to which high disruption occur in the prices of
oil and gas sector.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
From the above report, it has been concluded that there are several factors which have high
level of impact on the prices of oil and gas sector. Hence, demand and supply, production,
exchange rate, institutional investment, economic conditions etc. are the major factors that have
high level of impact on oil prices. It can be revealed from report that if supply is lower than
demand then it may result into increase in oil price level. In addition to this, technical
advancement which takes place in the business environment also influence the demand aspect of
people and thereby price level. Moreover, now people make focus on purchasing the product and
services which contribute in the sustainable environment. It can be seen in the report due to high
level of awareness of people towards sustainable environment and increasing usage of CNG
price level is affected to the large extent. Besides this, it can be inferred that economic condition
such as inflation and deflation are also responsible for disruption that takes place in oil and gas
sector.
26

Further, it has been articulated from primary data investigation that global oil and gas
sector is facing high level of issues in relation to the maintenance of price level. It can be seen in
the report that large number of economists said that by employing new standards and rules
companies which are operating in oil and gas sector can deal with the issue of oil disruption.
Along with this, it can be summarized from report that changes take place in the political rules
and regulations closely influence the price level of oil and gas sector. It also has been stated that
global financial crisis situation occurred in 2007-08 also had placed negative on the prices and
activities of oil and gas sector.
It can be presented from the outcome of oil and sector that highly lower relationship
exists in the oil gas prices and investment which is made by institutional investors. In contrast to
this, moderate level of relationship takes place in the oil and gas prices and exchange rate.
Hence, fluctuation which takes place in exchange rates does not have major impact on price level
of oil and gas sector. Hence, all the above mentioned factors are collectively responsible for
disruption that takes place in the prices of oil and gas sector.
Recommendations
It is recommended to the companies which are operating in oil and gas sector to employ
highly competent and effectual framework by considering the previous conditions. This in turn
helps companies of oil and gas sector in dealing with undesirable situation more effectively. In
addition to this, oil and gas business organizations need to undertake highly advanced
technologies. Hence, by extracting enough oil business units can ensure proper balance in
demand and supply aspect. In addition to this, oil and gas players require to create new business
model and make focus on enhancing channels. By this, companies can maximize revenue and
attain success highly competitive business arena.
27

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Castleden, H. and et.al., 2017. Reconciliation and relationality in water research and
management in Canada: Implementing indigenous ontologies, epistemologies, and
methodologies. In Water Policy and Governance in Canada (pp. 69-95). Springer
International Publishing.
Cuomo, D. and Massaro, V. A., 2016. Boundary-making in feminist research: new
methodologies for ‘intimate insiders’. Gender, Place & Culture. 23(1) pp.94-106.
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APPENDIX
1. Does oil and gas sector faces issues of pricing
 Yes
 No
2. By having application of new standards in context to operations so that cost can be controlled
 Strongly agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly disagree
3. Improvement in pricing strategy might help in overcome the issue of price disruption
 Strongly agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly disagree
4. Changes in international aspects affect the issue of price disruption
 Yes
 No
5. Global financial crisis in oil and gas sector also occurs due to price disruption
 Strongly agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly disagree
6. Price disruption is considered as critical because it impacts the effectiveness of overall process
 Strongly agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
30

 Strongly disagree
31