Positive and Negative Impacts of Olympics and Global Events

This study examines the positive and negative impacts of Olympics and global events on various aspects such as environment, societies, health, and tourism sectors. It discusses the benefits of enjoyment and infrastructure improvement, as well as the negative effects of pollution and financial drain. Recommendations are provided to mitigate the negative impacts and promote sustainability.

Academic and Professional
Skills

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Environmental Perspectives.............................................................................................................1
Environmental perspective related to Olympics..........................................................................1
Social prespective............................................................................................................................2
Social perspective related to Olympics........................................................................................2
The Impacts on the Tourism, Hospitality and Events Industries.....................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4
RECOMMENDATION...................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Global event can be defined as an international communications that is built to connect brands as
well as people via power of live events. Global events mange outsourced sales and is one of the
main sources of economy. One of the main purposes of global events is for enjoyment of
audience (Maqsood and et.al., 2020). This present study is based on global event Olympic that
has several positive and negative impacts on societies, health of people, environment and other
elements. One of the main positive impacts which this study will show is enjoyment and it is the
main reason of helping global events and Olympics and people remember such events for long
terms. It is also beneficial for athletes as they get opportunities to prove themselves and
competing at international level. On the other hand, this study will discuss some negative
impacts as well such as: increasing pollution, financial drain and health of people. Increasing
cost of the country is other negative impact as they have to invest in improving infrastructure
which can affect local people. Security is other main negative impact which Olympics and global
events have as people have fear of safety and being attacked. Overall aim of conducting this
study is to identify both positive and negative impacts which Olympics can have on different
aspects. It can help people in developing strategies and reducing all problems in an effective
manner. It has several critical impacts on tourism sector as well such as: it can attract tourists to
the great extent by improving infrastructure.
Environmental Perspectives
Environmental perspective related to Olympics
Hosting global sports and Olympics have several; positive and negative impacts. It is one
of the main sources of economy but it has several negative impacts on the environment. In this
context it can be said that for hosting Olympic, country require investing in food materials,
plastic bottles of water and other resources. People around the world come for enjoying and
watching all activities. Increasing rate of people and investment in all resources increases waste
to the great extent (Guizzardi, Mariani and Prayag, 2017). On the positive side it can be said that
it improves overall infrastructure of the country as for attracting more people and earning money,
government provide fund for improving infrastructure like making roads and others. It is
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beneficial for local people as it can help other sectors like tourism in attracting tourists. It can
improve economy of the country. There are several tourism activities are being held that increase
carbon footprint, increase pollution and have several negative impacts on the environment.
There are some elements that increase carbon footprint such as: food materials, energy and
transportation. All these things are being used to the great extent in Olympic and all its activities
which also have negative impacts on health of people because it increases pollution. There are
some examples of Olympics that has some negative impacts and one of the main example that is
held in winter is Paralympics game as it generated 278kt of greenhouse gas that affected health
of many people (Zhang and et.al., 2020). But now government is focusing on improving
activities and reducing carbon emission that can have some positive impacts and make this
sustainable. This initiative of government and new policies can also help them out in reducing
CO2. These positive impacts will also be beneficial for al participants as it can boost their
confidence, increase their morale and make them able to compete with each others in an effective
manner.
Social prespective
Social perspective related to Olympics
Olympics have both positive and negative social impacts and in the regards to negative impacts it
can be said that higher investment in improving infrastructure can increase overall cost and al of
these investment have to pay by local people indirectly as a tax. Local business affect the most
due to this because due to Olympic, only few businesses provide all food materials and other
resources and remaining businesses get affected as it affects their sales. There are some policies
relevant to Olympics according to which there are some areas which are restricted. These
restrictions of public space policies can have negative impacts on the image of host country and
later tourism industry find difficulties in attracting tourists. One of the other main negative
impacts which it has is increasing terrorism and security risks. Attackers and terrorist have better
opportunities to attack with the main purpose of destroying infrastructure and killing people. So,
there are huge risks of securities and investment in security tool can increase cost (Robinson and
et.al., 2017).
There are some positive impacts of Olympics which may benefit to local people and all other
participants. It is found that government is providing fund for improving overall public
infrastructure that can be beneficial for local people as it can increase public transport. It is
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beneficial for some sectors of local businesses. It also attracts foreign investors that is beneficial
for overall economy of the country and it can then counted in developed countries. Olympics is
one of the other main source of education as it improves skills and knowledge of people about
sports and several other things. One of the main benefit and reason for which Olympics are being
held is enjoyment as people enjoy a lot in these games and it is beneficial for people in this busy
era for making them refreshed (Ribeiro and Correia, 2020).
The Economic impact
Olympic games, is one of the most prestigious mega events known globally and hosting
an event like Olympics is not easy for Host Country. Hosting such an event has various
economic impacts. One of the main positive impact of hosting this event is that it helps in
increasing employment in host country. It helps in creation of various jobs in different sectors,
whether it is in hospitality sector, construction industry, food and beverage industry or in any
other sector (Firgo, 2019). However, employment created due to hosting of this event is
temporary like infrastructure improvement, roads development, hotel construction in order to
increase accommodation facility in host country, cleanliness of environment and many other
types of employment. But some of these employments can result in creation of permanent
employment like staff members requirement for running and maintaining new hotels constructed,
people employed for environment cleanliness, people required for maintenance of new roads
constructed and many more. But from past research it has been identified that hosting of mega
event like do not contribute much in creation of employment because most of the time for big
projects like construction, infrastructure maintenance people hired are already employed
(Scandizzo and Pierleoni, 2018). Extremely less percentage of people employed are unemployed.
Due to this employment rate is not changed much of the host country. But despite of this fact,
employment is created in host country for at least a year i.e. before 6 months of Olympic for
preparation and after 6 months of Olympic.
If hosting a mega event like Olympics has a positive impact of job creation then it also
has a negative impact upon tax payers. This is because tax payers of host country need to pay
higher cost for increasing funds so that such kind of mega event can be organized easily. From
previous research it has been identified that main fund for hosting Olympics is raised by tax
payers and contribute in payment of a good portion of bill. Like in Sydney Olympics out of $4.6
billion bill, $11.4 million was only covered by tax payers itself (Overmyer, 2017). This negative
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impact upon tax payers is not only till Olympic games end but they continue to pay higher
amount till all the debt is not paid off. All the employed people of host country who comes under
the category of tax payers face negative impact upon taxable income as well because interest on
this a income is either reduced or eliminated till all the debt is not paid off. It is one of the main
negative impact of hosting Olympic games in host country. Its major impact tax payers rather
than country. This negative impact upon tax payers last for approximately a year both 6 months
before the event and 6 months after the event (Overmyer, 2017).
But if this negative impact is kept aside then it has an overall positive impact upon
economy of a country because hosting this type of mega event words as a global marketing for
host country and help them in increasing changes of trading in future. Previous research in this
area has explained that hosting Olympics has helped host country to increase their trade by
approximately 30 percent as compared to other countries. It has positive impact for trading in
terms of both importing and exporting (Overmyer, 2017). If a host country manages and host
Olympic in an excellent manner it can work as a promotion or marketing of hist country due to
which future trade chances for the country increases.
From the above analyse it is clear that Hosting Olympic games has both positive and
negative economic impact upon country. it helps in increasing job opportunity for people in host
country and also help in increasing changes of future trade for host country. But despite of these
positive impact, it has a negative impact upon tax payers of country. They need to pay higher
cost for paying off the bill and debt of hosting this mega event. Not only this interest on taxable
income is also reduced.
CONCLUSION
It has been summarized from the above study that Olympics and global events play a vital
role. It has both positive and negative impacts on environment, societies, people’s health and
tourism sectors. It has discussed several positive impacts which Olympics have on societies and
environment such as it makes people feel enjoyed, refreshed and also improve overall
infrastructure of country. Further, it has discussed some negative impacts which Olympics as
well as global events have such as: it increases CO2 emission, green house gas and pollution. It
is one of the main sources of increasing wastes that increase pollution and affect health of
people. Lastly, it has recommended some ways by which all negative impacts can be reduced
such as: implementation of policies, making use of technologies and others.
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RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of above discussed details and critical analysis of impacts of global events an
Olympics it can be said that it has several negative impacts which should be reduced. So, in this
regard, it can be recommended that sponsors country should focus on providing employment
opportunities to unemployed local people in performing all functions and activities of Olympic.
It can maintain a balance in employment and can also improve economy. It is also found that for
improving infrastructure Sponsor country has to invest more than anyone can think so, in this
regard it can be suggested that it should increase entree fee to some extent. Everyone who come
and become participant of Olympic can ultimately help in reducing cost or it can spread cost
among businessman, media and other people who make themselves beneficial from this event.
Other main negative impact which Olympic have on environment is pollution and carbon
emission because of increasing waste. It is found that after this event, people find wastes of
plastic bottles, food materials and others. So, in this regard also it can be recommended to
Sponsor country that they should focus on using recyclable materials so that they can reduce
carbon footprint and can contribute in environmental sustainability which is one of the main
concern of all. It is also found that due to using personal transport, it increases pollution so, it can
also be suggested that host country should ban personal transport and rather than this they can
focus on public transport. It will reduce pollution and can also help transportation industry in
earning money as well as improving country’s economy. It will motivate other industries for
reducing carbon footprint and taking environmental factors and issues seriously. This initiative
can help tourism industry in attracting more tourism and also having a good image. Olympics
have some negative impacts on local businesses as it reduces their profit margin so, rather
importing materials from outside, hosting country should give opportunities to their local
business as it can satisfy needs of both.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bakhsh, J., and et.al., 2018. Residents’ support for the olympic games: single host-city versus
multiple host-city bid arrangements. Journal of Hospitality Marketing &
Management. 27(5). pp.544-560.
Firgo, M., 2019. The Causal Economic Effects of Olympic Games on Host Regions.
Guizzardi, A., Mariani, M. and Prayag, G., 2017. Environmental impacts and certification:
evidence from the Milan World Expo 2015. International Journal of Contemporary
Hospitality Management.
Maqsood, H. and et.al., 2020. A local and global event sentiment based efficient stock exchange
forecasting using deep learning. International Journal of Information Management, 50,
pp.432-451.
Overmyer, M.P., 2017. Economic impact analysis on olympic host-cities.
Ribeiro, T. and Correia, A., 2020. The relationship between organisational issues and social
impacts of Rio Olympic Games: a volunteer’s perspective. Journal of Policy Research in
Tourism, Leisure and Events, pp.1-22.
Robinson, T.M. and et.al., 2017. Rio 2016 Olympic Games and the Social Impacts of
Megaevents. LICERE-Revista do Programa de Pós-graduação Interdisciplinar em
Estudos do Lazer, 20(3), pp.348-366.
Scandizzo, P.L. and Pierleoni, M.R., 2018. Assessing the olympic games: The economic impact
and beyond. Journal of economic surveys. 32(3). pp.649-682.
Tasci, A.D., Hahm, J. and Terry, D.B., 2019. A longitudinal study of Olympic Games’ impact on
the image of a host country. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. 36(4). pp.443-457.
Zhang, J.C. and et.al., 2020. Event impacts associated with residents' satisfaction and behavioral
intentions: a pre-post study of the Nanjing Youth Olympic Games. International Journal
of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship.
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