This article discusses the Efficient Market Hypothesis, Agency Theory, Positive Accounting Theory, and Debt Hypothesis in accounting theory and their relevance in current market conditions.
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Running head: ACCOUNTING THEORY Accounting Theory Name of the Student: Name of the University: Author’s Note: Word Count: 661 words
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1ACCOUNTING THEORY Table of Contents Article..............................................................................................................................................2 Theory..............................................................................................................................................2 Analysis...........................................................................................................................................3 Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................4 Reference.........................................................................................................................................5
2ACCOUNTING THEORY Article The efficient market hypothesis: a critical review of literature and methodology. Economics or market based theories articles focusses on the theories and the growth assumptions taken into assumptions while analyzing evaluating a certain topic or principles. There are various models and theories that should be applicable and evaluated while deciding upon the principles and the relevant principles and factors should be taken into consideration for the same. Various external and key influential factors were taken into considerations while evaluating the same. The different hypothesis and factors taken into consideration for the same were evaluated and discussed(Degutis, & Novickytė, 2014). Theory Efficient Market Hypothesis:The theory states that the price of the assets reflect correct and full information reflected in the assets market value. Any investor cannot possibly trade for an information he/she has gathered as the prices of the assets reflect all possible prices and information thereby reflecting the true market value of the assets. The efficient market theory is most relevant in the case of the capital markets. The efficiency of the capital market is primarily dealt with the efficiency of the assets and the efficiency of the assets is reflected in the terms of cost efficiency. Agency Theory:The agency theory shows a relationship between the agents and the principles of the business. The theory is concerned and related with the problems and concern in an agency and the same is due to the unaligned goals and working principles in an organization(Bosse & Phillips, 2016).
3ACCOUNTING THEORY PositiveAccountingTheory:ThePositiveAccountingTheorydealswiththedifferent accounting standard science and seeks to explain the relevant auditing practices and predicting accounting. The accounting theory seeks to explain and predict the accounting choices and the auditing concepts, which forms the base of the positive accounting theory. Debt Hypothesis:The debt hypothesis deals with the debt factor in a firm the larger the size of the debt the more the chance for selection of an accounting procedure, technique and ways that will shift the reported earnings future time period to the current time period. The management of the company will be more prone for the application of debt hypothesis when the debt/equity level for the company is at a substantial level(Givoly, Hayn & Katz, 2017). Analysis The above theory can be applied and evaluated in the current market conditions. The theory and principals can be applied by the users of the data and the application of the hypothesis and theories are based on different assumptions reflected. The efficient market hypothesis is based on the principles of the investor’s rationale and the concept of the same is applicable in the case of efficient market where the asset prices reflect true economic value and the correct market price which incorporates all possible information’s. The agency theory is usually applied by the management of the companies to understand and identify the goals and objectives of the company and act respectively regarding the same in accordance with the above theory. The positive accounting theory contrast with the normative accounting theory by not applying the optimal accounting principle and seeks to apply the predicted actual accounting principles. The debt hypothesis is applicable for the companies where the managers intent to increase the profitability of the company by focusing on the profitability of the company and the debt to equity level of the company. The management of the company will be more prone for the
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4ACCOUNTING THEORY application of debt hypothesis when the debt/equity level for the company is at a substantial level. The management of the company tries to apply the concept of debt hypothesis when the bonus structure of the management of the company is directly linked with the profitability of the company(Christensen et al., 2016). Conclusion There are different hypothesis and factors that should be taken into consideration for the same and were evaluated. Each of the hypothesis and theories were based on principle which directly influences the operations of the company.
5ACCOUNTING THEORY Reference Bosse, D. A., & Phillips, R. A. (2016). Agency theory and bounded self-interest.Academy of Management Review,41(2), 276-297. Christensen, H. B., Nikolaev, V. V., & WITTENBERG‐MOERMAN, R. E. G. I. N. A. (2016). Accountinginformationinfinancialcontracting:Theincompletecontracttheory perspective.Journal of accounting research,54(2), 397-435. Degutis, A., & Novickytė, L. (2014). The efficient market hypothesis: a critical review of literature and methodology.Ekonomika,93(2). Givoly, D., Hayn, C., & Katz, S. (2017). The changing relevance of accounting information to debt holders over time.Review of Accounting Studies,22(1), 64-108.