Acute Coronary Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Running Head: ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Acute Coronary Syndrome

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME 2
Executive Summary
Angina is a medical condition characterized by chest pain and discomfort due to coronary
heart disease. In the following evaluation, the pathophysiology of the disease has been
discussed briefly. The types of angina and the reasons for performing an ECG have also been
analyzed. Several abnormal interpretations have also been examined on the patient's ECG. In
the evaluation, several important factors that may be useful in the diagnosis of coronary
syndrome have also been identified. In addition, the mechanism of action of drugs, as well as
the relationship between depression and chronic diseases has also been explained.

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME 3
CONTENTS
Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................4
ECG RATIONALE:............................................................................................................................5
ANGINA PECTORIS PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:...............................................................................5
Stable angina:................................................................................................................................6
Unstable angina:............................................................................................................................6
NSTEMI angina.............................................................................................................................6
Angina STEMI..............................................................................................................................6
RISK FACTOR'S..............................................................................................................................6
ECG INTERPRETATION:................................................................................................................6
DIAGNOSING ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME:.....................................................................7
DRUGS DISCUSSION........................................................................................................................7
THE ACTION MECHANISM AND USE:........................................................................................9
THE UTILISATION OF MORPHINE IN ACS:............................................................................10
CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND DEPRESSION:................................................................10
CONCLUSION:.................................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................12

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME 4
INTRODUCTION:
Angina is a medical condition characterized by chest pain and discomfort due to
coronary heart disease. In the following evaluation, the pathophysiology of the disease has
been discussed briefly. The types of angina and the reasons for performing an ECG have also
been analyzed. Several abnormal interpretations have also been examined on the patient's
ECG. In the evaluation, several important factors that may be useful in the diagnosis of
coronary syndrome have also been identified. In addition, the mechanism of action of drugs,
as well as the relationship between depression and chronic diseases has also been explained.
ECG RATIONALE:
To have underlying evidence the buddy nurse was said to have an ECG test, even she
was not having any chest pain. We know that ECG is being performed for the patients that
undergo surgery or previously they had the history of COPD or having shortness of breath
issue with the cardiac (Rawat & Sharma, 2018). Moreover, the complications along with the
abnormalities in 12 Lead electrocardiograms can help to analyse and predict the future
complications of myocardial infractions, heart failure and angina for the professionals. It can
be done by the ST elevation, ST depression and T wave inversion. Therefore, the rationale of
the ECG is done to study and examine the cardiac complications that exist within the patient.
ANGINA PECTORIS PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:
Betsy is diagnosed with angina pectoris, which is characterized by extreme chest pain.
It is the consequence of myocardial ischemia that is mainly due to a disturbance in the
balance between the oxygen demand and the blood supply to the myocardium.
Atherosclerosis is one of the main causes that lead to angina (Bentzon, Otsuka, Virmani, &
Falk, 2015). It is a condition in which plaque builds up inside the arteries that restrict the flow
of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscles. The plaque is mainly composed of cholesterol, fat
and other substances that are found in the blood. To compensate for the loss of oxygen-rich
blood, the heart muscles begin to work rigorously by pumping blood into the muscles more