Case study: Acute severe asthma

Running head: CASE STUDY: ACUTE SEVERE ASTHMA 1
Case study: acute severe asthma
Name:
Institution:

Acute severe asthma
Clinical manifestation: peak
expiratory flow 33-50% predicted
(<200I/min) respiratory
rate>25mm/min, heart rate>110/min,
arterial blood gas analysis PaO2 (75-
105mm/hg), PaCO2 (N:
35-45mm/hg, inability to complete
sentence in one breath
Diagnostic procedures: initial assessment, ability to
speak, vital signs, measurement of PDF is mandatory
unless the patient is too ill to cooperate, arterial blood
gas analysis
Pathogenesis: different inflammatory
cells: mass, eosinophils, T-
lymphocytes, macrophages,
neutrophils
Causes: environmental and genetic
factors. Common triggers of diseases.
Prevention: decreasing risk factors.
Dietary restriction, immunization, and
careful on the lifestyle
Prognosis for asthma is generally good.
Mortality has decreased due to better
recognition and improved in care. An
early treatment present decline in lung
function
Course: high rate of invasive ventilation leads to
increased hospital stay, complication and
mortality rate.
Management: initial assessment,
treatment, mechanical
ventilation, and monitoring
CASE STUDY: ACUTE SEVERE ASTHMA 2
CONCEPT MAP OF ASTHMA DISORDER

CASE STUDY: ACUTE SEVERE ASTHMA 3
Question 1
Asthma is a common prolonged syndrome of the lung air route that comprises a sophisticated link of airflow block, bronchial
hyperresponsiveness and an underlying infection. The illness can extremely vary on different patients. Prolonged signs of disease can
arise from bronchospasm or patient’s reaction during the bronchodilator treatment. Chronic and acute tenderness can upset the air
corridor capacity, airflow and also fundamental bronchial hyperresponsiveness, which improves vulnerability to bronchospasm. Thus,
asthma is a long-lasting inflammatory illness of an airway in which numerous cells and cellular features play a role, specifically;
eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, and epithelial cells. This swelling causes regular incidents of
breathlessness, coughing, and stiffness of chest. Hence, the events are linked with extensive but mutable airflow hitch that is
commonly flexible either with treatment or spontaneously (Carr, Berdnikovs, Simon, Bochner & Rosenwasser, 2016, pp. pp. 21).
The main causes of an inflammatory process which make individuals to became vulnerable to its impact is hotly debated topic
among scholars. The appearance of asthma is an interactive yet multifaceted procedure that relies on the interaction between the
environmental exposures and host elements predominantly heredities that happen at an imperative time in the expansion of the
immune structure. Host dynamics include inborn resistance, sex, and genetics while ecological aspects comprise respiratory
infections, allergens, and other environmental exposures such as pollution and lifestyle (Saint, Semple, Sinha & Hawcutt, 2018, pp.
210).