Unit 61: Exploring Advanced 3D Modelling Techniques and Asset Sizes

This report provides a comprehensive overview of advanced 3D modelling techniques used in video game development. It begins by examining various modelling approaches, including box modelling, spline modelling, poly modelling, and sculpting. The report then delves into texturing and material approaches, covering unwrapping, UV mapping, Mudbox, and Substance Painter. A key focus is on how assets are kept in proportion to one another, ensuring objects are the correct size within the 3D environment. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of 3D modelling in creating visually appealing and technically sound video games, highlighting the need for developers to master these techniques for effective game development.

Unit 61: Advanced 3D
Modelling

Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
What is the modelling approach?.....................................................................................................1
Concept...................................................................................................................................1
Box modelling........................................................................................................................2
Spline modelling.....................................................................................................................2
Poly modelling........................................................................................................................2
Sculpting.................................................................................................................................3
What is the texturing and material approach?..................................................................................3
Concept...................................................................................................................................3
Unwrapping............................................................................................................................4
UV mapping...........................................................................................................................4
MudBox..................................................................................................................................4
Substance painter....................................................................................................................4
How are assets kept in proportion to one another?..........................................................................5
How objects are kept to the correct size.................................................................................5
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................5
References:.......................................................................................................................................7

Introduction
Models for video games are made in various ways and are used in the current project also
for better and systematic manner of game implementation. These are the ways which holds the
stages to develop and execute the video games with accuracy and effectiveness so that efficiency
can be maintained. For example, the video game developers usually starts while performing the
concept arts on paper and accordingly the developers create textures and models with the help of
some photo editing software such as Photoshop and similar to it which is most suitable for the
needs and requirements of the game development. The following discussion is made on the
concept of modelling approaches along with the box modelling and spline modelling, poly
modelling and sculpting. The report also provides the insight of concept of the materials and
texturing approaches along with the unwrapping and UV mapping, mudbox and substance
painter. The report also views that how the assets kept in proportion to one another which means
that how the objects are kept in the correct size with proper conclusion.
What is the modelling approach?
 Developers focuses on the simple animations which are also build up in the software.
 If the complex animation is focused then it is made on the Motion Capture and then it is
mapped in the current model of video game development.
 The most usually used for animation is the Skeleton animation.
 Rough sketches is also an important part while developing the video game in which the
major characters are drawn again and again until they are perfect to view.
 These are the sketches which are first scanned with the help of the computer and then the
creation of digital exoskeleton is done in order to define the shape of the character.
 It also gives the control points to the computer which is highly necessary for the figure
animation.
Concept
 Concept of advanced 3D modelling approach is such that it is a technique which is
widely used for displaying and visualizing different things from the small objects to the
huge objects.
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 It also displays the image of any product which contains different methods of formulating
the 3D models and produces several results which fit the specific goals and objectives of
the project.
 It has basically three steps.
 First step involves the designing of the object model. Building of the object with the help
of a 3D printer is the second step and the third step contains the final touch that is the
overall finishing of the designing of 3D modelling approach (Xu, 2020).
Box modelling
 Box modelling refers to the technique used in 3D modelling which consists of the
primitive shape for example box or cylinder and sphere and many more.
 It is used to make the basic shape of the ultimate 3D model in order to sculpt out the final
model.
 It is basically used in designing the layout and essentially for wrapping up around every
HTML element. It consists of several elements like margins and borders along with
padding and actual content.
Spline modelling
 Spline modeling is also known as patch modeling.
 It refers to the curve used in the 3D space which defines at least two control points.
 It is basically used for the formulation of hard objects for example cars and buildings
along with the furniture.
 They are extremely useful while formulating 20 objects and the combination of angular
and curved shapes.
 Using the spline modeling, the person can create two dimensional shapes also which
includes the lines and circles and other forms of shapes.
 Moreover text and freehand shapes are also added while using the spline modeling.
Poly modelling
 Poly modelling is defined as the approach which represents the surfaces with the help of
polygon measures for modelling the objects.
 It is well suited to scan line rendering and hence this method of choice is usually done for
the real time computer graphics.
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 In modern computers it is optimized to handle the polygon models which are easiest to
render and visualize.
 It allows the designs to formulate organic looking designs.
 It also formulates from the small components which can be deformed and animated more
in a natural manner.
 But it is very time consuming and does not hold up on all resolutions which also
introduces a human error.
Sculpting
 Sculpting refers to the shaping and carving of a figure by moulding the hard material.
 It is basically the use of software which offers different types of tools in order to push
and pull along with smooth and grab the digital object in order to manipulate the real life
substance such as clay.
 It is basically when a person sculpts a 3D object on a computer with the help of digitized
clay.
 Brushes and tools are used to mimic the real life textures and objects (Bhatti, Abro, Gillal
and Karbasi, 2018).
What is the texturing and material approach?
 Currently the stages used in the 3D modelling includes the creation and rigged along with
the animation which is done by artists with the help of special 3D modelling programs
such as Maya or 3DS Max.
 Model and animation is then exported in a standard format of file like FBX which is used
by the programmers in the game.
Concept
 Texturing and material approach refers to the combination of textures with the help of
different schedules in order to achieve the final effects.
 For example the diffuse shadows provide the matte finish whereas the specular shadows
formulate the mirror like reflections.
 Without textures and material approach, this will become boring and that is why textures
to the material helps in varying the surface and formulates the most interesting object.
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 It is basically the optical properties of the object and the texture is the pattern which
breaks up the uniform appearance of the material (Giertsen, Sandvik and Torkildsen,
2020).
Unwrapping
 It is the flat representation of the surface which is used by the 3D model in order to easily
wrap the textures.
 It is a process of formulation of the UV unwrapping where it comes from the process of
translating the 3D mesh into the 2D information.
 This is done in order to wrap the 2D texture around the 3D mash.
 Moreover it basically refers to the procedure of opening the mash in order to make the 2D
texture which covers the 3D object.
 It is an effective method to add the texture to the object.
UV mapping
 UV mapping is the process of 3D modelling in order to project the 2D image to a 3D
model surface in order to map the texture.
 It is a process of transferring the 3D mesh from a 3D model to a 2D space in order to
texture the model while using the basic principles of formulating the textures along with
the applications used in the UV mapping (Pang, He, Xiong, Han, 2020).
MudBox
 Mudbox is defined as the proprietary computer based 3D sculpting and painting tool.
 Its major application is the high resolution digital sculpting and displacement along with
the texture painting and normal map creation which is used in designing the specific tool.
 It basically creates the beautiful characters and environments with the help of sculpting in
detailed 3D geometry textures.
 The software provides an intuitive and tactile tool set.
Substance painter
 Substance painter is the tool which is usually used in the animation and 3D modelling.
 It is the tool which is required to texture the 3D assets in an advanced manner with the
help of brushes and smart materials in an automatic manner for better adoption of the
model.
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 Application of 3D texturing is used by professionals. Substance painter has a main
purpose to texture the models.
 It provides the advanced masking and procedural texting tool which permits the
formulating the textures in a much harder and successful manner (Kunkhet, Samarnggoon
and Maneejuk, 2019).
How are assets kept in proportion to one another?
How objects are kept to the correct size
 Objects are kept to the correct size in 3D modelling by using the software which contains
several steps.
 For example, first selecting the modification in the 3D scale so that the object and subject
can be selected for the methods to be scaled.
 To resize the selection it is important to drag and release and then enter the scale factor
while holding the mouse button.
 These are the steps through which the objects are kept to the correct size in 3D modelling
(Nonis, Dagnes, Marcolin and Vezzetti, 2019).
Conclusion
It is concluded that 3D modelling is an important concept to learn and study so that its
application can be applied in the real time development of the video game. This is because it
provides the systematic and technical review to the game development with an attractive
animation using various different software and applications. The above information discusses
about the several approaches which the developer can use while the video game development.
Therefore, it is important and essential to analyse and examine the concept of modelling
approach which includes the box modelling and spline modelling along with the poly modelling
and sculpting. It is necessary and significant to determine and gain the knowledge about the
texturing and material approach which includes unwrapping and UV mapping along with the
MudBox and substance painter. It is vital and imperative to assess and evaluate that how are
assets kept in proportion to one another which includes that how objects are kept to the correct
size. Hence, this report covers all such areas in order to better understand the conception of
advanced 3D modelling.
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References:
Books and Journals
Bhatti, Z., Abro, A., Gillal, A.R. and Karbasi, M., 2018. Be-Educated: Multimedia Learning
through 3D Animation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1802.06852.
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Giertsen, C., Sandvik, O. and Torkildsen, R., 2020. An open system for 3D visualisation and
animation of geographic information. In Geographic Information Research (pp. 571-587).
CRC Press.
Kunkhet, A., Samarnggoon, K. and Maneejuk, K., 2019, April. 3D Character Modelling for K-
Pop Dances: A Workflow Analysis. In 2019 Joint International Conference on Digital
Arts, Media and Technology with ECTI Northern Section Conference on Electrical,
Electronics, Computer and Telecommunications Engineering (ECTI DAMT-NCON) (pp.
45-49). IEEE.
Nonis, F., Dagnes, N., Marcolin, F. and Vezzetti, E., 2019. 3D Approaches and challenges in
facial expression recognition algorithms—a literature review. Applied Sciences, 9(18),
p.3904.
Pang, M., He, L., Xiong, F. Han, X., 2020. Developing an Image-based 3D Model Editing
Method. IEEE Access, 8, pp.167950-167964.
Xu, M., 2020, October. Research on Movie Role Shaping Method Based on Computer 3D
Animation Technology. In 2020 International Conference on Computers, Information
Processing and Advanced Education (CIPAE) (pp. 76-79). IEEE.
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