Advanced Algorithm Analysis for Combinatorial Optimization Problems

Running head: ADVANCED ALGORITHM ANALYSIS
Advanced Algorithm Analysis
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1ADVANCED ALGORITHM ANALYSIS
Table of Contents
Introduction:...............................................................................................................................2
Discussion:.................................................................................................................................3
Ambient Networks of Intelligent objects:..................................................................................3
Artificial Pheromone System:................................................................................................4
Convergence of the ACO:......................................................................................................5
Selection of Edge:..................................................................................................................5
Pheromone update:.................................................................................................................6
Application of ACO:..............................................................................................................6
Problems faced by ACO.............................................................................................................7
Scheduling problems faced by ACO......................................................................................7
Vehicles routing problems:....................................................................................................8
Assignment problem..............................................................................................................9
Set problem............................................................................................................................9
Optimization of the Antennas and synthesis:.........................................................................9
Methods related to ACO:...........................................................................................................9
Conclusion:..............................................................................................................................12

2ADVANCED ALGORITHM ANALYSIS
Introduction:
Operation research and Computer science generally consists of the Ant Colony
Optimization or the ACO, which is generally considered to be a probabilistic technique that is
used in order to solve the problems related to computing. This this it can also be used for the
purpose of finding the good paths by making use of the graphs. In this the artificial ants is
multi-agent method that is generally inspired by the behaviours that the real ants are having
(Mohan & Baskaran, 2012). Communication based upon the usage of the pheromone by the
biological ants is often considered to be a paradigm which is used predominantly. The
artificial ants and the local search engines are combined so as to have a better method for
different kind of optimization tasks that also involves the usage of some graphs as well.
Including of the burgeoning activity in this particular field has been associated with
leading towards the conference which are entirely dedicated to the artificial ants as well as to
other commercial applications by companies who are specialized in this field like the
AntOptima. Ant Colony Optimization is also sometimes considered to be a class of
optimization algorithm that has been modelled according to the actions conducted by the ant
colony. The artificial Ants are used for the purpose of locating the optimal solutions. This is
done by moving throughout the entire parameter space by representing the solutions that are
possible (Nishant et al., 2014). Like the real ants, the simulated ants are also associated with
recording the positions and the quality of the solutions. This is done in order to make sure
that the simulation iterations taking place later would help in the process of obtaining better
solutions. Another variety of this approach includes the bees’ algorithm which operates in a
similar fashion like that of another social insect known as the honey bee.

3ADVANCED ALGORITHM ANALYSIS
Discussion:
The Ant Colony Optimization is an algorithm that is generally considered to be a
member of the swarm intelligence method which consists of some metaheuristic
optimizations. This concept was initially proposed by Macro Dorigo in the year of 1992 and
was associated with looking out for a path in the graph that is most optimal. This was done by
depending upon the behaviour that the ants are having while looking out for a path that exists
between the colony and the food source. This idea was further diversified so as to solve
numerous numerical problems which initially lead to various type of problems (Mishra &
Jaiswal, 2012). It can be stated that ACO is a model-based search which is also associated
with sharing similarities with the estimation of the distribution algorithms.
Ambient Networks of Intelligent objects:
There exists the need of new concepts as the term intelligence is no longer centralized
and is implemented across various type of objects, the Anthropocentric concepts is associated
with leading towards an increased rate of IT system production of where it is seen that the
control units, data processing and the forces responsible for calculating are present in
centralized form. All this units which are centralized are associated with increasing their
performance rate and this in turn can be compared with the capabilities that a human brain is
having (Tawfeek et al., 2013). The ultimate vision of the computers is the model of the brain.
the ambient network of intelligent objects along with the new creation of new Information
System that are of diffused nature and are dependent upon the nanotechnology and this is
profoundly going to change the entire concept. Small devices that are generally compared
with the insects are not associated with disposing high intelligence of their own and for this
reason it can be stated that their intelligence is limited. For example it is not possible to
combine the calculator of high performance with the power need to solve any type of
mathematical related problems present in a biochip which is implemented inside a human