Advanced Engineering Materials - Metal Foams

This presentation provides an in-depth overview of advanced engineering materials, specifically metal foams. It covers the types of composites and metal foams, their properties, and various modeling methods. The presentation also discusses the applications of metal foams and the mathematical models used to calculate their properties. References are provided for further reading.

By (Student’s Name)
ADVANCED
ENGINEERING
MATERIALS – METAL
FOAMS

Introduction
Types of Composites/Metal foams
Properties of composites/Metal foams
Modelling of composites/metal foams
Modelling methods types
Contents

Metal foams are low density materials with
high mechanical and thermal properties.
Composite Metal Foam are made of one
metal hollow beads in other matrices’ solid
matrix.
CMF are 6 or 5 times stringer than base
metals.
CMF have a 7 times larger energy absorption
capability compared to base metals.
Introduction

With regards to the base metals, there are as
many metal foam types.
The mostly used base metal is made of silicon
or aluminium when coming up with CMF.
Porous gold and nanoprous carbon are some
of the metal foam types used and developed.
CMF types are able to be generated taking
from reinforced wt. %
Types of Composites/Metal
Foams

Metal foam properties depend on the
manufacturing and cellular structure
methods.
Properties of metal foams also depend on the
cell types (closed or open)
Shape, size and anisotropy present in the
material influence the metal foam properties.
The distinction between solid material and
metal foams, ‘s’ would denote the properties
for solid materials while ‘ex ps and p’ denote
metal foam properties.
Properties of Composites/Metal
Foams

The metal foams’ thermal properties are
taken to be similar to the solid materials that
made them.
The metal foam’s thermal conductivity is
derived considering the metal foam density
and the solid material density as;
K above represent thermal conductivity while
q represents constants ranging from 1.65-1.8
Thermal Properties

Mechanical Properties

Modelling Method Types
Numerous varieties of methods exist in
mathematical modelling of metal foams.
1. Finite Element Method.
2. Molecular Dynamics.
3. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation.
4. Ab initio calculation.
5. Phase filed method.

Applications
The metal foams applications falling under
fields;
1. Functional applications.
2. Structural applications.
3. Art, design and decoration.
4. Architectural applications.

Applications
The metal foams applications falling under metal
foams types;
1. Silicon metal foam: Solar cells, capacitors, sensors
while in medical used in cancer treatment.
2. Aluminium foams: High fracture, lightweight
construction and stiffness.
3. Porous gold: Protein sensing, glucose sensing,
DNA sensing, mercury sensing, molecular
sensing.
4. Nanoporous carbon foam: Electrodes, surgical
implants, cells and bioreactors.

Mathematical Models
The metal foam properties for example density and
thermal conductivity could be calculated using the
mathematical models.
1. Thermal conductivity;
Yu and Choi model
Maxwell model
Hamilton and crosser model
2. Viscosity model;
Einstein model
Brinkman model
3. Physical mixture rule

Thermal Conductivity Models
Maxwell model;
In that;
K represents the thermal conductivity.
Φ represents the added composite’s
percentage weight
np, nf, bf represent the base metal, metal foam
and composite repectively.

Thermal Conductivity Models
Yui and Choi mode;
In that the composite layer thickness to the
composite radius is represented by β

Thermal Conductivity Models
Hamilton and Crosser model;
In that the n represents the shape factor

Viscosity Models
Brinkman model;
Einstein model
In that μ represents the viscosity or dynamic
viscosity

Physical Mixture Models
Brinkman model;
In that the weight percentage of the particle
is represented by p and could be displayed in
ration of composite volume to the total
volume or mathematically represented as

Composites’ Thermal
Properties

Analysis Types
Thermal analysis: the studied metal foams
can be thermally analysed looking at their
coefficient of thermal expansion, specific heat
and thermal conductivity.
Structural analysis: This can be achieved
through metal foams study of their structural
properties for example density.,

References
Banhart, J. (2007) ‘Metal Foams — from Fundamental Research to
Applications’, Universities Press Limited: Telangana, India, (May), pp. 279–
89.
Biener, J. et al. (2009) ‘Surface chemistry in nanoscale materials’, Materials,
2(4), pp. 2404–2428. doi: 10.3390/ma2042404.
Billiet, M. et al. (2015) ‘Influence of orientation and radiative heat transfer
on aluminum foams in buoyancy-induced convection’, Materials, 8(10), pp.
6792–6805. doi: 10.3390/ma8105340.
Crupi, V., Epasto, G. and Guglielmino, E. (2011) ‘Impact Response of
Aluminum Foam Sandwiches for Light-Weight Ship Structures’, Metals,
1(1), pp. 98–112. doi: 10.3390/met1010098.
Depczynski, W. et al. (2016) ‘Modelling and microstructural characterization
of sintered metallic porous materials’, Materials, 9(7), pp. 1–12. doi:
10.3390/MA9070567.

References
. Banhart, J. (2007) ‘Metal Foams — from Fundamental Research to
Applications’, Universities Press Limited: Telangana, India, (May), pp. 279–
89.
Biener, J. et al. (2009) ‘Surface chemistry in nanoscale materials’, Materials,
2(4), pp. 2404–2428. doi: 10.3390/ma2042404.
Billiet, M. et al. (2015) ‘Influence of orientation and radiative heat transfer
on aluminum foams in buoyancy-induced convection’, Materials, 8(10), pp.
6792–6805. doi: 10.3390/ma8105340.
Crupi, V., Epasto, G. and Guglielmino, E. (2011) ‘Impact Response of
Aluminum Foam Sandwiches for Light-Weight Ship Structures’, Metals,
1(1), pp. 98–112. doi: 10.3390/met1010098.
Depczynski, W. et al. (2016) ‘Modelling and microstructural characterization
of sintered metallic porous materials’, Materials, 9(7), pp. 1–12. doi:
10.3390/MA9070567.