Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction in Education
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Added on 2019-10-18
Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction in Education
Added on 2019-10-18
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Advanced Quantitative Methods and Analysis,Final AssignmentOrganizational Climate and Job Satisfaction inEducation: an Exploratory Study in the PrivateEducation Sector in the United Arab Emirates
Table of ContentsAbstract:....................................................................................................................................i1. Introduction:......................................................................................................................11.1 The Problem of the Study....................................................................................................31.2 Rationale of the Study..........................................................................................................31.3 Aim/Objectives of The Study.............................................................................................32. Literature Review.............................................................................................................42.1 Job Satisfaction.......................................................................................................................42.2 Organizational Climate........................................................................................................42.3 Impact of Organizational Climate on Job Satisfaction................................................53. Methodology......................................................................................................................63.1 Theoretical Background......................................................................................................73.2 Sample and Procedures.......................................................................................................83.3 Variables and Measures......................................................................................................83.4 Null Hypotheses Development..........................................................................................94. Results of the survey.....................................................................................................124.1 Reliability Test.....................................................................................................................124.2 Factor Analysis Test...........................................................................................................134.3 Correlation Test..................................................................................................................164.4 Paired t-test..........................................................................................................................19Discussion.............................................................................................................................20Conclusion............................................................................................................................22References............................................................................................................................24
Abstract:This paper aims to explore the relationship between organizational climate andteachers’ job satisfaction in the private school system in the United Arab Emirates. Aself-administered survey was conducted in order to collect data from a totalpopulation of 65 teachers and teaching assistants. Five hypotheses were developed inthe null format. These hypotheses were tested using various tests by SPSS application.The findings confirmed the multidimensionality nature of organizational climate.They indicated a significant positive relationship between organizational climate andjob satisfaction in general, a significant positive relationship between the performanceappraisal quality and job satisfaction, a significant positive relationship between thedistributive justice and job satisfaction, a significant positive relationship between thetask characteristics and job satisfaction, and a significant positive relationshipbetween the supervisor subordinate relationship and job satisfaction. The implicationsof the study to research and practice are discussed in this paper, with somerecommendations for future researchers. Keywords: Organizational Climate, Job Satisfaction, Private Schools, UAEKhalid Almarri-120077 i
1. Introduction:Organizations that are looking to achieve their full potential and survive the fiercecompetition require satisfied workers. The ability of any organization to maximize suchpotential is dependent on its success in recruiting and retaining competent and satisfiedemployees. The United Arab Emirates since the oil boom has become an attraction to amixed workforce from around the globe seeking opportunities to improve their income.These communities of expatriates brought along with them rich experiences, talents, andcultural traditions that enriched the local community. Some of these experiences areevident in the educational and health sectors as there were very few schools andhospitals in the UAE prior to the discovery of oil. Education in the UAE is regarded as one of the strategic sectors in the country’seconomic plan approved by the president and supported by all sectors in the localeconomy. This recognition came from the appreciation the country renders education asthe driving force behind the prosperity since the discovery of oil. The availability ofcompetent workforce is a constant concern of all organizations and therefore theirsupport for the economic plan to focus on education was unanimous. Educationalinstitutions are the incubators for future workforce that will feed the national growth. Atthe same time, these educational institutions are organizations whose educationalproduct is affected by the level of satisfaction of their staff. Therefore, Sigma School iscontinuously analysing the work context under which its teachers operate, to maximizethe level of their satisfaction, and subsequently the quality of educational servicesrendered.The management of the school promotes a healthy interaction among staff, andimplements a rigorous program that ensures continuous skills improvement, in additionto an attractive incentive system that allows the employees of the school to, in somecases, double their monthly salaries based on rewards related to their performance.Despite the efforts by the management of Sigma School to satisfy staff, the teachers’turnover has become a major concern in the past few years. The rate of turnover to rivalschools is very alarming taking into consideration the high cost the school incurs in thewellbeing and the development of their teachers.Therefore, the school is looking to analyse its success in the efforts it makes inproviding the ideal working climate to satisfy its teachers, and consequently retain them.Khalid Almarri-120077 1
Also, scholars in the field of human resources management are constantly looking toanalyse the relationship between organizational climate and job satisfaction to examinethe link between the variables, and to test if organizational climate can be a measure forjob satisfaction, and subsequently reduce turnover.Educators face severe challenges in performing their duties, which may affect their jobsatisfaction, which in turn will affect the organizational productivity (Adenike, 2011).Organizational climate reflects the individual perceptions of employees about theirorganization. The organizational climate as argued by Adenike (2011) consists of“leadership styles, participation in decision making, provision of challenging jobs toemployees, reduction of frustration, provision of benefits, personnel policies, provisionof good working conditions and creation of suitable career ladder for academics”.Whereas, job satisfaction is one of the most reliable variables used in research inorganizational behaviour. It is an attitudinal reaction to one’s organization (Sulaiman etal., 2012). Sulaiman (2012) state that happy employees reflect their satisfaction in theirperformance. Although this study is inspired by the attrition and turnover phenomenon of teachers,this work does not examine the attrition and turnover directly. The focus of this study isto test the antecedents of attrition and turnover, particularly job satisfaction and themotivation to leave the teaching job.The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between organizational climatevariables (Task Characteristics, Team Orientation, Motivations, Employee Competence,Superior-subordinate Relationship, Involvement in Decision Making, PerformanceReward Relationship, Pressure to Produce, Psychological Contract, Distributive Justice,Satisfaction with Appraisal), and teacher job satisfaction variables (Pay, PromotionOpportunities, Supervisory Style, Co-workers Relations, Job-itself). The relationshipbetween organizational climate and teacher job satisfaction is important becauseworking conditions can be improved to enable better performance and subsequentlyincrease productivity and reduce turnover.1.1 The Problem of the StudyKhalid Almarri-120077 2
The shortage of competent teachers is a significant issue in the educational field inmostly all countries. The problem is on the rise because of the high turnover ratesattributed to many factors including job dissatisfaction related to their organizationalclimate. This is evident in the statistics reported by Einar and Sidsel (2011) in theirresearch on teacher’s job satisfaction. They reported that 40% of elementary teachers inthe USA leave their profession within the first five years. Additionally, the majority ofteachers leave their jobs before reaching retirement age. The high rates of attrition andturnover are not only reported in the USA, it is evident in most countries around theglobe, regardless of the educational system adopted. Einar and Sidsel (2011) reportedthat teachers’ attrition and turnover has been extensively studied in the past coveringareas such as roles and responsibilities, organizational climate, and personalcharacteristics. However, more is needed since the phenomenon is on the rise.1.2 Rationale of the StudyAlthough researchers have extensively studied job satisfaction, very little has been donein the educational industry in the UAE, particularly in private schools. Furthermore, toour knowledge, no one has studied job satisfaction among employees of a Britishcurriculum school in the UAE, as it is the leading curriculum adopted by the bestperforming schools in the UAE.1.3 Aim/Objectives of The StudyThe aim of this report is to advance the understanding related to organizational climateand its relationship to job satisfaction. Specifically, this report will highlight therelationship between organizational climate and teachers' job satisfaction in the privateeducation sector in the United Arab Emirates. The findings of this report will furnish thebasis for future research that will focus on improving teachers’ working context toimprove their satisfaction, and in turn stay in their jobs. Specifically, this report intends to:1.Find the relationship between organizational climate and teachers' jobsatisfaction in private schools in UAE.Khalid Almarri-120077 3
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