Analysis of Waste Management Strategies in Townsville, Australia

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of waste management in a selected area of Townsville, Australia, focusing on waste collection, proper disposal, and processing strategies. The study area, a 315m by 315m zone, includes commercial and institutional activities, specifically the Riverside shopping mall and Jeff Hill School. The report identifies and quantifies various waste types, including liquid, solid (biodegradable and non-biodegradable), and gaseous wastes, detailing their sources and potential environmental impacts. It explores processing methods such as the 5-Rs (Reducing, Rethinking, Recycling, Refusing, Reusing) for solid waste and treatment options for liquid waste, including a proposed water treatment plant for the Ross River. The report also addresses appropriate disposal options, resource recovery using the tipple bottom line approach, and a design for incineration for solid waste treatment. Data collection and analysis methods are outlined, culminating in conclusions and recommendations for improved waste management practices in the Townsville area.

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ADVANCE WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
This articles highlights the waste collection, proper disposal as well as the process
strategy for a selected area in Townsville city in Australia. The area must be 315m by 315m
which also has a commercial activities and institution. The amount of waste collected will be
used in analyzing the data. The location cuptured the Riverside shopping mall, Mantara Lounge
Namahatta center, Jeff Hill School as illustrated in the diagram below. The riverside shopping
center serves as a commercial center while the Jeff Hill school serves as an institutional. This
article will as well analyse some basic of waste in the selected area, these types of wastes were
found to be majorly liquid and solid wasts of which most of the solid waste were non-
biodegradable.
Table of Contents

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Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................2
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................4
Residential and commercial property..........................................................................................................5
Types of waste from the region and quantity for each type of waste...........................................................6
Processing needed for the waste in the selected area...................................................................................9
Solid waste material................................................................................................................................9
Liquid waste..........................................................................................................................................10
Design a processing centre........................................................................................................................11
Appropriate disposal option.......................................................................................................................18
Solid waste disposal..............................................................................................................................18
Liquid waste disposal............................................................................................................................23
Resources recovery and disposal using the tipple bottom line approach....................................................25
Design for incineration for the treatment of solid waste............................................................................26
Incinerator.............................................................................................................................................27
Data collection...........................................................................................................................................28
Data analysis.............................................................................................................................................28
Conclusion and recommendation...............................................................................................................30
Bibliography...............................................................................................................................................32
Introduction
The selected area in the Austrailian city was a place in Townsville cite. The location cuptured the
Riverside shopping mall, Mantara Lounge Namahatta center, Jeff Hill School as illustrated in the

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diagram below. The riverside shopping center serves as a commercial center while the Jeff Hill
school serves as an institutional, therefore, the requirement for the selection of the area is very
valid. The area measurement is 315m by 315 m ( 10 ha ), this was validated through the scales
given by the google maps where the maps were taken and are shown as below

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Residential and commercial property
The approximated number of residential in this part of Townsville city is approximated to be 160
while the number of commercial properties available in this area can be approximated in terms of
money to be $ 45,980,000 of which the most commercial property was based on the real estates
(houses) in the area as well as the commercial property in riverside shopping mall and Mantara
Lounge Namahatta center. Other commercials in the region were due to the personal property of
the locals in the selected area.
Types of waste from the region and quantity for each type of waste
Some of the waste material which is disposed from these residentials includes the following
kitchen waste, biodegradable materials, solid rabish, liquid wast among others. These waste
materials generated from this area is discussed below;

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i. Liquid waste
These types of wastes are basically found in households of the locals residing in the selected area
as well as the nearby coffee industry. Basically, these liquid waste wash water, waste detergents,
organic liquids, dirty water as well rainwater which is a dirty water due to the reaction of the
rainwater with the acidic gas like sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide. These liquid waste in most
cases are disposed into the water bodies which then results to a colloquial water pollution.
Therefore these water (liquid) pollution´s sources can be identified as on point sources of
pollution and non-point sources of waste. On point sources of liquid wastes are those sources of
water pollution whose specific source can be identified hence its control is easy and possible like
industries, wages among others. While the non-point sources of water pollution are those whose
specific source cannot be identified hence its control is very difficult. The liquid waste due to
water pollution is found in the nearby Ross River. Since the liquid waste is in form of liquid it
will hence be difficult to estimate the actual amount of liquid waste disposed of the selected area
but this can roughly be estimated to be 100000 liters which disposed of the household as well as
the shopping centers and the Jeff Hill school in the region for every week (Colglazier, 2013, p.
128).
ii. Solid waste
These are waste materials which are in the solid form, there are several types of these solid waste
materials in the selected area within the Townsville city of Australia. The solid waste materials
in the region were generated from the solid waste obtained from the households, wastes from the

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shopping centres as well as the solid wastes from the Jeff Hill School (Dianz, 2011, p. 167).
Some of these solid wastes in the selected area include the following;
- Plastic waste: The plastic is one of the common types of solid waste which is basically
used by the household, shopping centre, and the school around. Therefore, this type of
solid waste cannot be avoided in this selected region. Some of these plastic waste
constitutes plastic containers (water containers, food containers), jars as well as bags.
These plastics wastes are not biodegradable therefore they can only be recycled to help
reduce the waste. These plastic waste should be correctly sorted and should not be mix
with other types of waste.
- Paper waste: Paper is a common type of solid waste in the selected region, these wastes
materials are basically from the household like the newspaper bought the locals residing
in the region. In the shopping centres as the Riverside uses disposes of the paper
materials used in packaging of the goods sold in these shopping centres. And in the
school in this region (Jeff Hill School) produces more of the papers as a waste. These
wastes are from the students´ books and papers which they use in taking on their studies
in the school. The paper waste can be recycled and used in making other papers in the
country (Lurther, 2012, p. 547).
- Tins and metal: This form of solid waste which is basically a result of material and
goods packed in. In the household, tins and metal are the most common types of waste
material disposed of this selected area. In the shopping mall, these tins and metal are
disposed from the shopping centres from the goods where some goods are being packed.
Also in the schools around like the Jeff hill school, the tines which the students are used

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in carrying food and the food cans (from the canned food) are the solid waste materials
which are from the institution.
- Solid waste foods. This is the common type of solid waste material which is obtained
from the households in the selected area. The residents living in the residential around
disposing of a lot of the leftover foods, these waste materials will be thrown into the bin.
Also in the school, there will be a lot of food which will be thrown by the students or
even the cooks. These type of solid waste material are the most common type of solid
waste material in the selected area.
Basically in all the types of waste materials disposed of this selected area is the most common
type of waste material. This is because, from this area, the solid waste material is most common
in the area basically from the household, shopping centre and also the Jeff Hill School (Gibbson,
2009, p. 321). The total quantity of the solid waste material in the region is approximated to be
2000kg for every week. This is a relatively higher amount of solid waste material which will
hence require to be recycled and controlled effectively (Nicky, 2009, p. 654).
iii. Gaseous waste
Even though there no industries in the selected regions which can emit the gaseous waste
materials in the selected area but there are some gaseous waste materials which result from the
waste due to vehicles moving in the nearby Angus Smith Dr road, Richardson Street. These
waste materials include the carbon dioxide from the petrol fuels, sulphur dioxide and leads fumes
from petroleum fuel. These waste materials are in gaseous form and invisible therefore it is very
difficult to know the gaseous material in the area. But this is not a serious waste in this selected
area (Duncan, 2013, p. 329).

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Processing needed for the waste in the selected area
Solid waste material
The solid waste processing is actually is actually done using the below 5-Rs, these are discussed
as below;
Reducing: Reduce the measure of waste as much you can. Guarantee that the items you
purchase don't deliver a ton of waste. Utilize items that can be reused. Abstain from utilizing
items, for example, plastic jugs and polythene sacks since they are non-biodegradable. If this
selected region reduces the use of non-biodegradable waste materials. This is because non-
biodegradable materials do not decompose easily, therefore, these materials remain to be waste
material in the region which results to the pollution in this part of the Townsville city (Harris,
2014, p. 421).
Rethinking: Rethink an item and its natural impacts previously settling on a purchasing choice.
This is to abstain from purchasing an item that will add to squander increase. On the off chance
that an item is unsafe, reconsider before purchasing or utilizing it. Before you arrange any waste,
re-examine in order to keep away from unreliable dumping. Consider different ways you can
make utilization of strong waste other than arranging it (Henstock, 2014, p. 467).
Recycling: Reuse squanders in the event that they can be reused. Items, for example, plastics
ought not to be discarded. On the off chance that you can't reuse them, pitch them to the
individuals who can reuse them. Try not to consume them since they will dirty the air and deliver
gases, which cause an unnatural weather change. In the selected area, there are several solid
waste materials which need to be cycled in this area. The solid waste materials in the area which
can be recycled in this area may include the papers which might be collected and then taken back

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to the industry for reprocessing. Other materials like plastics can also be collected and then taken
back to the company for repossessing (Jain, 2005, p. 218).
Refusing: Refuse to utilize items that create non-biodegradable waste. On the off chance that
you should utilize such items, decline reckless dumping of the squanders that radiates from those
items. The selected part of the town should go against the use of non-biodegradable waste
material like plastic materials like paper bags among other non-biodegradable materials. The
area should also set some rules which ban the use of the metal /cans, this can be done through
banning the can foods in the area. The Jeff Hill School can as well ban the use of more food in
the school which might result in the leftover foods in the region.
Liquid waste
The liquid wastes can be best processed through having very appropriate processing parameters.
The most common one is to treat the liquid waste before disposing them to any water body as
well as disposing them to anywhere like in irrigation (worrell, 2011, p. 442). In this selected
area, water in the Ross River can be contaminated due to the locals disposing of the dirty and
contaminated water in it. The river can convey the dirty water from other parts in the Townsville
city which borders the selected region. The treatment plant in the selected region in the
Townsville city can be illustrated as in the following diagram;

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Fig 1: Showing the water treatment in the Ross River in the selected region (Wise, 2014, p. 142).
The liquid waste from the households can be processed effectively through using them in doing
irrigation since most of this wastewater does not contain any toxic substances (Wise, 2014, p.
142). The wastewater should not be disposed into the river Ross even though they do not contain
any toxic substance but they can result to pollution of the Ross River in the selected region
(Heileman, 2007, p. 421). Other liquid wastes like the human urine and the faces are all
combined as the liquid waste. All these wastes are connected to the sewage line where they will
be properly treated before the water is directed to the Ross River. With this proper liquid waste
management, the selected part of the Townsville remains very clean and more effective for
human survival (william, 2006, p. 132).
Design a processing centre
The waste processing centre will be divided into three new facilities which will include;
 Waste receiving
 Waste processing
 Baleful or landfill operations
The site will be designed to provide effective as well as safe facilities for every operation though
they may appear to be an abundance of space to accommodate the operations which are needed,
the design is limited by existing facilities (Watson, 2007, p. 448).
a). Waste receiving
The methods of waste processing are recently under review as part of an external review of
landfill operation. The waste will continue to be baled as part of the landfill operations and that

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recycling will continue to be offered in a similar manner to the existing system (Oak, 2007, p.
54).
b). Weigh scale reception
A lockable gate will be used to limit the accessibility of solid waste facility to one entrance and
the vehicles driven into the solid waste facility must go through the entrance and beyond the
gatehouse. The stopping of the vehicles will be done at the gatehouse for weighing or given
directly to the selected area of the facility. Long trucks of scale two-27.5-meter-long will be
accommodated by the gatehouse and weigh are a reception and every scale must accommodate
3-meter concrete aprons on either end of the scale (Wang, 2013, p. 883).
The installation of one scale will be done initially but the second one will be accommodated by
the design which will later be added to assist in weighing the vehicles leaving the facility
(Gibbson, 2009, p. 532). The scale would be equipoise such that the far end of that particular
scale is aligned with the scale house attendant window thus allowing communication between
the vehicle driver and attendant. The installation of a communication device or integrated
intercom system will be done to allow the gate attendant to correspond with the driver as they
drive out (Walling, 2008, p. 279).