Artificial Intelligence and Applications for ABC Ltd

The report discusses the concept of artificial intelligence and its various applications. It proposes three AI-based applications for ABC Ltd, a logistics organization in Australia, and provides relevant recommendations for the organization.

Running head: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Artificial Intelligence and Applications for ABC Ltd
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note:

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Executive Summary
The main aim of this report is to understand about artificial intelligence and the various
applications of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is one of the best boons for
information technology. There are three distinct categories that together comprise of this
information technology, which are processing techniques, simulation of high order thinking
with the help of various computerized programs and finally the mathematical and statistical
methods to take relevant decisions. These applications are termed as intelligent agents, in
which any device perceiving the environment, takes up relevant actions for maximizing the
overall chance perfectly obtaining goals and objectives. This report has properly described
the impact and importance of AI for a logistics organization, namely ABC Ltd. Three
applications are being proposed for them and relevant recommendations are provided for this
organization in this report.

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................3
2. Discussion..............................................................................................................................3
2.1 Case Study........................................................................................................................3
2.2 Definition of Artificial Intelligence.................................................................................4
2.3 Five Different Types of Applications of Artificial Intelligence with Examples..............4
2.4 Proposing Three Artificial Intelligence Based Applications...........................................6
3. Conclusion..............................................................................................................................8
4. Recommendations..................................................................................................................9
5. Reference List......................................................................................................................11

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1. Introduction
Information technology can be defined as the significant utilization of several
computers and systems for the purpose of storing, retrieving, transmitting as well as
manipulating the information or data within the context of an enterprise of business (Russell
& Norvig, 2016, p. 4). This information technology is majorly considered as the subset of
ICT. The numerous services or products that are associated with the information technology
are computer software, hardware, semiconductors, telecom equipment, the Internet
connection, electronic commerce and many more. Artificial intelligence or AI is the best
boon of information technology. AI or machine intelligence is the significant intelligence that
is depicted by machines and is different from natural intelligence that is being displayed by
the human beings or even animals (Michalski, Carbonell & Mitchell, 2013, p. 2). The
discovery of proofs for the playing of chess or mathematical theorems with greater
proficiency is one of the best examples of artificial intelligence.
The following report outlines a brief description regarding the broad concept of
artificial intelligence and the various applications of AI. This particular technology has a
strong impact on the technological world and users. Better innovation is possible with the
help of this technology. ABC Ltd is a popular logistics organization in Australia and is
responsible for providing end to end logistics services to other organizations. They have now
decided to include services of artificial intelligence. This report will be demonstrating five
types of AI applications for this organization and will be proposing three of those
applications. Finally relevant recommendations will be given here.
2. Discussion
2.1 Case Study
ABC Ltd is a large logistics company in Australia that was found around 20 years
ago. Now the organization is working with more than 200 staffs and the head office of this
company is in Sydney; however ABC Ltd is operating in several states of Australia and all
parts in the Oceania region. This particular organization of ABC Ltd helps in providing end
to end logistics solutions to a larger number of organizations that involve manufacturing,
mining and warehousing. Some of the client organizations are eventually expanding and they
wishes to provide logistical solutions on the basis of artificial intelligence. For this purpose,

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ABC Ltd is exploring various options for expanding the business in next five years for
involving the services on the basis of artificial intelligence. The CEO of this company has
given the responsibility to the Head of ICT for investigating the technology as well as the
applications for providing services within the industries of warehousing, mining and
manufacturing.
2.2 Definition of Artificial Intelligence
AI or artificial intelligence can be defined as the core ability of the computer
controlled robots or digital computers for the performance of tasks that are majorly associated
with the intelligent human beings (Nilsson, 2014, p. 3). This type of artificial intelligence is
significantly applied to the program to develop various systems, which are endowed with
intellectual procedure feature of the human beings like the reasoning ability, discovering as
well as generalizing meaning and even learning from the previous experiences. The human
flexibility is matched over the wide domains for needing more knowledge (Wenger, 2014, p.
7). Some of the programs have achieved the significant performance level of human expert as
well as professionals for the performance of certain tasks. Since, it is the simulation of the
human intelligence process by the computer systems.
2.3 Five Different Types of Applications of Artificial Intelligence with Examples
There are various applications of artificial intelligence that are utilized by several
industries in Australia as well as other parts of the world (Hovy, Navigli & Ponzetto, 2013, p.
21). These applications of the artificial intelligence comprise of several developments related
to the logistics based solutions. The few applications of the artificial intelligence are given
below:
i) Expert Systems: The first and the foremost application of artificial intelligence is
the expert systems. Within AI, the expert system is the computerized system, which could be
emulating the core capability of decision making of any specific human expert. The expert
system is designed for the solving complicated problems by the reasoning via certain
knowledge bodies (Bond & Gasser, 2014, p. 5). These are represented as the basic if then rule
instead of conventional procedural codes. The expert systems are the most successful forms
of artificial intelligence technology. There are two sub systems of an expert system, which
are the knowledge base and the inference engine. Knowledge base is responsible for
representing the rules and facts, whereas, inference engine is responsible for applying certain
rules to all the known facts for deducing new facts. These inference engines could eventually

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involve the major abilities of debugging as well as explanation. There are two modes of the
inference engine that are forward chaining and backward chaining (Steels & Brooks, 2018, p.
3). The various approaches could be dictated by the inference engine and is being driven by
the antecedents. The expert system is also one of the basic examples of the knowledge based
system. Since, this is the computer program for utilizing the technologies of artificial
intelligence for simulating the behaviour as well as judgment of the organization or human
being, which comprises of the expert experience and knowledge within the specific field. A
set of rules is present to apply the respective knowledge base for each and every situation for
program description. The current systems subsequently involve the capabilities of machine
learning for allowing these systems for improving the performance on the basis of
experience, similar to the human beings (Charniak, Riesbeck, McDermott & Meehan, 2014,
p. 4). The expert system application has a strong impact within the industry of logistics.
ii) Computer Vision: The second popular application of the artificial intelligence is
the computer vision. This particular application majorly deals with the core procedure of
computers gaining the high level understanding from the digitalized images as well as videos.
The tasks could be automated easily that the human visual systems would be executed
eventually (Gero, 2014, p. 2). The application of computer vision comprises of few
methodologies like the processing, acquiring, understanding and analyzing of digital images
and then finally extracting the higher dimensional information or data from the proper
production of symbolic or numerical information within the major form of decision. The
subsequent transformation of the visualized images is possible with this application for the
interference with thought processes or appropriate activities. The sub domains of this
computer vision application majorly involve 3D pose estimation, image restoration, object
recognition, video tracking, image restoration, learning, event detection, indexing and finally
scene reconstruction (Ghahramani, 2015, p. 452). This is extremely effective for the logistics
industry since the users could easily track the other rival companies and detect the events.
Moreover, the motion of the products could also be estimated and hence a faster delivery is
possible.
iii) Speech Recognition: The third popular and significant application of the artificial
intelligence technology is the speech recognition. This is the core capability of any program
or machine that helps in the proper identification of words or phrases within the spoken
language and finally converting them to the respective machine readable format (Copeland,
2015, p. 3). The software of rudimentary speech recognition consists of the limited

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vocabulary of phrases and words and it might only recognize those when they are being
spoken with extreme clarity. The sophisticated software has the major ability for accepting
natural speech of human beings. The working procedure of speech recognition is that it
utilizes certain algorithms by language modelling as well as acoustic modelling. The
language modelling subsequently matches sounds with the word sequences for helping to
distinguish within similar sounds (Imran, Castillo, Lucas, Meier & Vieweg, 2014, p. 160).
The acoustic modelling is responsible for representing the relation within audio signals and
linguistic speech units. This would be extremely vital and effective for the logistics industry
since the organizations would be getting performance on the basis of speed and accuracy.
iv) Video Manipulation: Another popular and significant application of the artificial
intelligence is the video manipulation. This is the new variety of the media manipulation,
which eventually targets the digital video with the help of amalgamation of the techniques of
video editing and video processing as well as the auxiliary methods such as face recognition
from AI (Dartnall, 2013, p. 6). These results subsequently range from the artistic videos that
are being produced for the aesthetic effects to videos for propaganda and mass manipulation.
Apart from the computer aided possibilities, it is been recommended that the unrealistic
frequency of any product’s motion could serve as the major hint for recognizing the fake
videos. The logistics industry has to take the video of the products before sending them to the
clients and hence this is effective for them.
v) Optical Character Recognition: This is the mechanical conversion of the image of
any product or item and hence identifying the printed text into machine encoded texts from
the scanned documents or from any type of subtitle text that is being superimposed on the
images (Kanal & Lemmer, 2014, p. 2). This particular application of artificial intelligence is
being utilized as the basic form of the information entry from all printed paper data records
and is utilized within the machine processes like the machine translation, text mining,
cognitive computing, text to speech and finally key data. The optical character recognition is
the field of research within pattern recognition and computer vision.
The major examples of Australian organizations that are using AI are Telstra,
Woolworths, Daisee, Lisa, Flamingo and many more. These organizations have obtained
better efficiency and effectiveness from the implementation of artificial intelligence. The
logistics Australian companies like Glen Cameron Group, AirRoad, SCT Logistics and many
others have involved AI applications in their businesses for gaining competitive advantages.

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2.4 Proposing Three Artificial Intelligence Based Applications
The proposed three artificial intelligence based applications for the logistics
organization of ABC Ltd for their expansion in next five years are given below:
I) Expert System: The first and the foremost proposed application of artificial
intelligence for ABC Ltd is expert system. These are computer applications that are being
designed to solve the problems on any specific domain (Brown, 2014, p. 4). The most
relevant and accurate knowledge from the human experts could be stored within the computer
memory and hence serving the knowledge that is being served by this system whenever
required. The expert system is extremely effective for the logistics industry. There are various
advantages and disadvantages of this application.
i) The advantages of expert system for ABC Ltd are given below:
a) Consistency: Since, expert system is a completely computer based system, the logic
and knowledge are programmed within it. Hence, decision making is extremely easier.
b) Memory: The next advantage of this application is that there is a huge amount of
memory for storing the large amount of data and could be easily accessed by the users.
Memory loss is almost impossible here (Imran et al., 2014, p. 162).
c) Easy Accessibility: The data could be easily extracted from this particular
application and hence ABC Ltd could easily access the data.
ii) The disadvantages of expert system are as follows:
a) Integrity of Data: The expert system does not promise data integrity and hence data
is often changed or altered.
b) Time and Cost: Expert system takes up more time than required and the costs are
also higher (Ghahramani, 2015, p. 452).
c) Specified Domain: The third disadvantage of the expert system in ABC Ltd is that
the expert system could only work in one specified domain.
II) Computer Vision: This is the next significant application of AI for ABC Ltd. It is
the method as well as technology for the purpose of providing image based automatic
inspection or analysis for the applications like automatic inspection, robot guidance and

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process control (Hovy, Navigli & Ponzetto, 2013, p. 18). For the logistics industry, it is
highly effective and efficient.
i) The advantages of computer vision for ABC Ltd are given below:
a) Persistence: It is extremely persistent a non destructive for the rapid speed it
possesses.
b) Cost Effective: Computer vision is extremely cost effective and hence could be
afforded by everyone.
c) Human Visual Involvement: The third advantage of computer vision is that it
allows human visual involvement.
ii) The disadvantages of computer vision for ABC Ltd are given below:
a) Lack of Sensitivity: There is lack of sensitivity within the computer vision AI
application and hence it is not always feasible (Michalski, Carbonell & Mitchell, 2013, p. 5).
b) Requirement of Expert Labours: There is always a requirement of the expert
labours within this application and thus is a major disadvantage of computer vision.
III) Speech Recognition: The final application of artificial intelligence for ABC Ltd
is the speech recognition. It matches the speech of the users and could easily recognize the
person easily and promptly.
i) The advantages of speech recognition for ABC Ltd are given below:
a) Easy and Prompt: Speech recognition is extremely fast and hence is used by the
users.
b) Lack of Training: No training is required for using the AI based application.
ii) The disadvantages of speech recognition for ABC Ltd are given below:
a) More Errors: This application provides more errors in the output of the application.
b) Uses Lot of Memory: Speech recognition uses excess memory for the utilization of
this application (Nilsson, 2014, p. 5).

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3. Conclusion
Therefore, from the above discussion, it can be concluded that artificial intelligence is
the significant simulation of the procedures of human intelligence by various machines like
the computer systems. All of these procedures majorly involve reasoning, learning as well as
self correction. The cognitive functions are associated with the human minds like the problem
solving and learning. The significant scope of the artificial intelligence is completely
disputed, since the machines are becoming extremely capable and the tasks are considered as
requiring intelligence and are removed from the effect of artificial intelligence. There are
several applications of this technology that are utilized by the users. The major impact of this
technology is found on the organizations and users of information technology. A continuous
advancement is required for controlling the computer processing speed or the memory
capacity. There are various applications of the artificial intelligence such as machine vision,
speech recognition and the expert systems. These applications have provided major benefits
to the users. The above report has properly outlined the importance of artificial intelligence
for the popular logistics organization of ABC Ltd. This particular organization eventually
provides several logistics solutions to its clients and hence is termed as one of the most
popular and significant logistics company in Australia. This report has significantly described
the several and different types of applications in artificial intelligence and three distinct
applications amongst them three are being proposed for this particular organization.
Moreover, relevant and suitable recommendations are also provided in this report for ABC
Ltd.
4. Recommendations
The most significant and relevant recommendations for the involvement of
applications of artificial intelligence of ABC Ltd are given below:
i) The first and the foremost recommendation for the organization of ABC Ltd is that
they should use computer vision application for their expansion of business. This particular
application deals with the process of gaining higher level understanding from the digital
images and digitalized videos. They would be able to acquire, process, analyze and even
extract higher dimensional data from the real world for the purpose of producing symbolic
and numerical information for taking the decisions. They would be able to expand their
business easily after gaining proper information about the other organizations.

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ii) Utilization of expert systems is the next recommendation for ABC Ltd. This would
help them to emulate the basic ability to take relevant decisions of any human expert. The
expert system helps in solving the complex problems by proper reasoning and thus they
would be benefitted from this application.
iii) The third relevant recommendation for the organization of ABC Ltd is that even
before releasing the system of AI, the organization must run the release trials for ensuring
that the errors and biases are not amplified for the various issues related to algorithms, system
design elements and training data.

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5. Reference List
Bond, A. H., & Gasser, L. (Eds.). (2014). Readings in distributed artificial intelligence.
Morgan Kaufmann. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?
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Brown, F. M. (Ed.). (2014). The Frame Problem in Artificial Intelligence: Proceedings of the
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l%20intelligence&f=false
Charniak, E., Riesbeck, C. K., McDermott, D. V., & Meehan, J. R. (2014). Artificial
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Copeland, J. (2015). Artificial intelligence: A philosophical introduction. John Wiley & Sons.
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Ghahramani, Z. (2015). Probabilistic machine learning and artificial
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artificial intelligence approach. Springer Science & Business Media. Retrieved from
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eHi_KiJwTFWM6a1sm-SeOwWzf48

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Russell, S. J., & Norvig, P. (2016). Artificial intelligence: a modern approach. Malaysia;
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approaches to the communication of knowledge. Morgan Kaufmann. Retrieved from
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