Globalization and Air Pollution in Nepal
8 Pages1544 Words589 Views
Added on 2019-10-31
Globalization and Air Pollution in Nepal
Added on 2019-10-31
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Air Pollution in Nepal 1Air Pollution in NepalNameInstitution
Air Pollution in Nepal 2Globalization and Air PollutionGlobalization is considered to be the root cause of all problems in the world including, the low wages, challenged democracy, and violation of various human rights. Recently, globalization is said to be the reason for more than 750, 000 premature deaths (Johnston 2017). In 2007, around 411,100 people died because of breathing in fine particles of air that had been polluted with particulate matter (PM2.5). Since economic activity has become an interconnectionof human activities across the world, pressure is exerted on various spheres of society, especiallyhealth care. In Asia, air pollution has increasingly began to rival the air pollution levels that prevailed in Europe and America in the early 20th century. Air pollution is a major contributor to the globalhealth burden due to reduced air quality. There are complains of poor air quality in Nepal, and especially in Kathmandu, but there is little attention on outdoor interventions to improve air quality compared to interventions directed at indoor air pollution. In Kathmandu, air pollution arises due to growing urbanization. How the Challenge EmergedAs the world strives to gain economic prosperity, air pollution emerges as a health hazarddue to various human activities aimed at ensuring economic development, transportation and motorization, urbanization, and energy consumption. Interconnection of human activity gas led to increased flow of capital, movement of people, and trading patterns that have led to what is regarded as the “Great Acceleration.” This acceleration has exerted lot of pressure on the environment resulting in the alteration of various components of the earth’s system, including theair, and the distortion of the Earth’s natural system to levels deemed unsafe for social and biological well-being (McMichael 2013).
Air Pollution in Nepal 3In view of the various activities, pollution in Nepal stems from vehicles and burning smoke from“brush fires, brick kilns, and cooking stoves” (McMichael 2013: p. 1336). The pollution from these sources has detrimental effects on the environment in addition to people’s health because after floating into the Himalayas to the north, the black carbon from the soot absorbs adequate quantities of solar energy that subsequently settles on glaciers and snow. How the issue of air quality is being addressed?The WHO developed air quality guidelines that act as an international reference for the adverse effects of air pollution on individuals’ health by providing risk estimates for exposure to the air pollutants. The guidelines were first published in 1987 and were referred to as the WHO Air Quality Guidelines for Europe, and they provide the recommended thresholds for air pollutants (Chen and Kan 2008). These guidelines help to inform countries about the effects of their efforts towards reducing air pollution on a global level. That is why based on the 2014 WHO guidelines, Nepal was ranked position 177 out of 178 as a call for assertive measures meant to improve its Environmental Performance Index. Action RequiredThe kind of action required in Nepal is one that aims to reduce the emission of smoke from the various sources using cost-effective measures while keeping in mind that the citizens are struggling to meet their basic daily needs (Mar, Panday, and Rupakheti 2015).Interventions in NepalThere are already well laid out policies that are meant to ensure the air quality within the region is purified and acceptable. However, little has been done to implement these policies aimed at cleaning up the air in Nepal in reference to the recommended guidelines that indicate the stipulated thresholds for air pollution. The public is concerned about the air quality, and have
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