An Evaluation of HR Policies on Expatriates Assignment
Added on 2020-10-05
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An evaluation of HR policies on expatriates’manpower used during the preparation for the2022 World Cup in Qatar1
Table of ContentsTITLE:.....................................................................................................................................31. Introduction........................................................................................................................31.1 Significance of the study..........................................................................................41.2 Aim and Objectives..................................................................................................41.3 Research Objectives and Research Questions.......................................................52. Literature Review...............................................................................................................62.1 Living Conditions .....................................................................................................62.2 Human Resource Practises in Qatar.....................................................................102.3 The role of political parties in appointing personnel from other countries.............112.4 Controversy of past World Cup in Russia..............................................................133.0 Methodology...................................................................................................................153.1 Research Design, Research Approach and Research Type ................................193.2 Rationale................................................................................................................194. Data analysis....................................................................................................................215. Recommendations and Reflection...................................................................................296. Conclusion.......................................................................................................................31REFERENCES.....................................................................................................................32Appendices..........................................................................................................................34APPENDIX...........................................................................................................................362
TITLE:“An evaluation of HR policies on expatriates’ manpower used during thepreparation for the 2022 World Cup in Qatar”.1. IntroductionQatar will be hosting the upcoming FIFA World Cup in 2022, becoming the first MiddleEastern, predominantly Muslim country to host the tournament, which will also be in thewinter. It was estimated that a total budget of $6.5 billion, is spent to build the stadium andtraining sites. The Doha government has signed with numerous Asian countries to bring inmigrant workers to build the infrastructure, including stadiums, streets and hotels inpreparation for the 2022 World Cup. According to By Stephen Castles, Mark J. Miller “Thenumber of migrant workers employed are close to two million, from the following continentsAsia, Africa and the Middle East.” (Migration in the Asia-Pacific Region, 2019)The study will evaluate on the reports of the working condition of the migrant workers inQatar, including an investigation by The Guardian (2018) revealed that evidence where foundof “forced migrant labour on Qatar’s world cup infrastructure projects". Allegations oflabourers not paid for months, staying in horrible1 living conditions with no access to drinkingwater in a country whose temperatures reach 60 Celsius in the summer and remain above 30Celsius for 10 out of the 12 months of the year. (Average Weather in Doha Qatar, 2018)In this report, there is discussion about HR policies which are framed at Qatar whenemployees come to perform operations from different countries. People who visit countries forthe purpose of profession have crucial position because employment act are not appropriatefor this country. Employer have more authority to control them such as they take over theirpassport, they are not allowed to talk to their native relatives, etc. are some crucial actperformed by employer and other authorities there. There is difference in legal rules andregulations, so it is responsibility of managers of business at Qatar to take control it andcommunicate them properly. 1Very Unplesant.3
1.1Significance of the studyThe study is to understand why migrant workers employed for infrastructure projects such asbuilding of world cup stadiums have to endure oppression at the hands of their employers.There had been numerous cases of such incidences that had taken place in the previousinfrastructure buildings of stadium for world cup. Countries like Brazil and Russia, thesecountries unlike the case of Qatar, had employed their own nationals with only minoritybelonging to foreign workers, but they too had issues similar to that of Qatar with poorworking and depleted living conditions (Abdulwahed and et. al., 2013.).Significance of this research is to understand living conditions of people who resides at Qatarfor earning money. There are some rules and regulations which has to be performed byindividuals in order to make legal and authentic relations among workers. There is differencein culture of people, so it is easy to understand issues which workers place because ofchange in trend, culture, etc. This research helps to analyse requirement of policies foremployee who come from external countries for proper managing FIFA world cup 2022. 1.2Aim and ObjectivesThe studies aim to understand how the Kafala system works (Kafala is a labor migrationsystem which is used to monitor migrant2 labourers working in domestic and constructionsectors) extracts taken from the daily and past studies indicate that the government of Qatarhas acknowledged and aware of the issues faced by the migrant workers, as the ITUC(International Trade Union Confederation-Building Worker’s Power) have issued a statementrequesting the Doha government to fortify the manipulative system of how labourers aresponsored which affects two million migrant workers in Qatar. (March & C, 2015). There is requirement of many workers in order to make World Cup 2022 most memorable, sothere is requirement of employees. This helps to take proper arrangements for people whovisit Qatar for this purpose. This is relevant for making facilities for people because this isgrand event for all the people. In this event many people are taking prt, so personnel arehiring from other countries as well. Hence with this research, researcher is able to understandsituation of migrant employees while residing in Qatar, HR practices, legal laws and2Persons who moves from one place to another.4
regulations, etc. There is discussion about controversial issue which arise in past World Cupat Russia. This helps to take corrective actions in order to provide positive result to peoplewho visit Qatar for World Cup in 2022.1.3 Research Objectives and Research QuestionsThe objective of this research is-To understand the situation of the migrant workers by conducting interview with 2nationals (Nepal and India) on their working and living condition in Qatar. To analyse the Human Resource Practises in Qatar with reference to Kafala. To determine the role of political parties in appointing personnel from other countries. To access the Controversial issues of past World Cup in Russia. Research questionsWhat is the situation of migrant workers from India and Nepal while working in Qatar?What are the Human Resource Practises in Qatar with reference to Kafala?What is the role of political parties in appointing personnel from other countries?What are the controversial issues of past World Cup in Russia?5
2. Literature Review2.1 Living ConditionsTo meet the deadline of preparing the infrastructural projects for the tournament, hundreds ofthousands of male workers primarily from Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Bangladeshmigrated to Qatar to work as low wage labourers. These labourers were from impoverished3backgrounds, and had hoped to support their families with the wages they would earn, someof whom had to pay sums of over £3,000 to get the jobs with the promise that this would becompensated with the wages they receive (ITUC, 2014). This resulted in high interest loansthat they had to take which had high interest rates and some families had to mortgage familyproperty which also meant that they had to survive whatever conditions they faced asreturning before the loans were paid back would result in default and jail. The local regulations set high standards for workers housing, allowing companies to houseno more than 4 workers in a room, banning the use of bunk beds, and requiring employers toensure potable water, air condition and proper ventilation in all worker accommodations4. TheHumans Right Watch had documented they’re visit to some of the accommodations of themigrants, and found between eight and eighteen workers in each room, all workers slept inbunk beds (Abdulwahed and et. al., 2013).From conducting research it is analysed that worker are not living in good condition. They areprovided with small and conjuncted rooms which affects their health. There is no propermedication to employees, so they are mistreated. There is no proper remuneration so theyare not able to live in good condition. This affects their morale of working but due to negativefinancial conditions they are forced to work. There is n proper light and water facility. Eatableprovided are not of good quality. There is no legal laws and regulations for labours andemployer rule over them. Legal documents such as visa, passport and other ids are kept withemployer so employees are forced to work. There is lack of communication facility, so theyare not able to contact with relatives and dear ones. Hence from the above information it isconcluded that employees does not have good conditions.3Poor 4Room or place to stay.6
There are huge number of people residing in developing nations. There is difference in theirliving standard because of imbalance in income level. Hence this makes difference in theirrequirements as need as well. There are many countries which are part of developing nationsuch as Pakistan, Nepal, India, etc. This is because these countries have low economiccondition which makes them different from developed countries. There are the manygovernment policies which helps to make improvements in living standard of people such asfree education, cheap rate food, etc. In order to make available information human resourcefor planning FIFA world cup, 2022 management committee has to collect proper informationabout it and then make resources available for them. There is requirement of personnel formanaging such big event and making changes according to requirement. There is requirement of large number of employees which is relevant for proper operations ofevent. These days’ demand of people residing in developing nation so these demands can besatisfied with providing them appropriate amount so money. This helps them to reside insociety by satisfying all the demands and requirements. Qatar is the country which getsemployees with other developing countries which is significant for making changes accordingto external market. Personnel selected with developing nation can perform business with lowwages which they transfer to their family members for their livelihood5. In these countries,loans are cheap which helps to perform operations in effective and relevant manner. Qatar isan urban country hence planning human resource for FIFA 2022 from this country isexpensive. Labours from developing countries are cheap and they are ready to work in lowwages to earn their livelihood. This situation is beneficial for developed countries as they getlow budget employees. So cost for performing operations is low (Aboraya, 2017). In developing countries, situation of people is not good They do not have house to live, sothey are living in kuccha house in rural areas. But these days, there is urbanisation6, hencepeople from rural areas have rental houses or shed areas to reside in such countries. Hencethere is difference in living of standard of developing and developed countries. Whenmanagement committee of FIFA 2022, plans actions for workforce from developing nationsso they can easily perform activities according to their basic requirements. This helps tomaintain cost of residing and affording them. These people are ready to give their best in5Securing the necessity6Process of making rural area urban.7
case they get more money. Hence FIFA 2022 is big event which requires more labour forperforming operations in effective and relevant manner. It is essential to analyse their basicneed and then provide material accordingly. There are many people who work in foreign countries to get their homes as they aremortgage under government or other land lords. In case of non-repayment of loan, individualsare sent to jail or their property is ready to bid as per legal notice. Hence as per survey, it isidentified that there are some basic requirements of individuals of developing countries suchas room with proper ventilation, bed, water, etc. which is sufficient for them to perform theiroperations. With such requirements, they are satisfied and ready to work for more thanworking hours because they are liable to feed their families.In Qatar, there is issue of workplace accidents and injuries which is significant and relevantfor performing operations. As there are many changes which are taking place in externalenvironment, so if at work place new technology is implemented, then possibilities of accidentis high and possibilities of death and injurious is more (Abrar and et. al., 2014). There aresome laws related to work place ethics7 which are followed by managers of industry of Qatarto provide satisfaction to employees. Picture 1 & 2 (In appendix) show the depleted condition the migrant workers are living in(Vavel, 2015) beds and some worker do not have drinkable waters in their own camp. Theconditioning has been broken without repair for weeks and months despite the hightemperatures, and there were some that lived in rooms without windows that were verymouldy. Another prevailing8 issue is that workplace injuries from labourers working on the WC projectare the third highest cause of accidental deaths in Qatar. The Ministry of Labour Qatar issueda statement, informing the Human Rights Watch that only six workers had died in workrelated accidents in the last 3 years due to falls (Human Rights Watch, 2012). However, thereports received from the sending country embassies were contradicting, they reported amuch higher rate of death (Qscience, 2018). The Nepali embassy statistics state that 191workers died in 2010, 19 resulted from work site accidents and a further 103 died sufferingcardiac arrest, due to harsh living conditions stated in this review (BBC News, 2018).7Moral principles8Current8
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