US-Cuba Relations and Tourism Impact

This assignment requires an analysis of the current state of US-Cuba relations and its impact on tourism. The student is expected to research and discuss the history of US-Cuba relations, including key events and policies such as the Cuban Revolution, the Obama-era policy change, and the Trump administration's new restrictions. The student should also examine how these changes affect tourism in Cuba, including the potential benefits and drawbacks for both average Cubans and American tourists. The assignment likely involves a critical evaluation of the current state of US-Cuba relations and its implications for tourism, as well as recommendations or suggestions for future policy changes.

DISSERTATION

ABSTRACT
Aim: “To analyse the current situation of tourism among Cuba and America by together
scrutinizing its future implication”
Methodology: For the present research explanatory research design will be used so that entire
dissertation can be carried out in an effective manner. Further interpretivism research philosophy
will be used for constructing the new theory. Inductive approach will be used by the researcher
in present study. In the present report information will be collected through secondary research.
Here articles and internet will be useful for gathering the information and analysis is done with
use of thematic approach.
Findings: Since the Obama president of U.S remove restriction from travel, Cuban is waiting
and making room for an American invasion which they have long yearned for tourist. However,
in month of June new president of America declared that he would reverse some key aspects if
the diplomatic phase change which includes the ban on tourism with few exception. It is about
two months ago that President Trump announced that he was closing down some of the opening
to Cuba which was started by the Obama in 2014. If people not travel to Cuba then it leads to
affect growth and economy. New policy made by Trump administration directly affect U.S.
Travel to Cuba. Embassies in Washington and Havana was reopened in 2015 and for the half
century it is remained open. However, Rule are more stricter and limited group tourism will
continue. Along with this there is ban against transactions which is done with business to
controlled the Cuban military.

Table of Contents
CHAPTER- 1...................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background of the study........................................................................................................1
1.2 Rationale of the study............................................................................................................2
1.3 Research aims and objectives................................................................................................2
1.4 Analysis and framework........................................................................................................3
1.5 Structure of the dissertation...................................................................................................4
CHAPTER- 2...................................................................................................................................6
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................6
2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................6
2.2 Facts associated to Cuban Revolution...................................................................................6
2.3 A timeline of the relationship between Cuba and America...................................................9
2.4 Lift of the embargo between USA and Cuba.......................................................................10
2.5 Impact of embargo on the trade relationship of Cuba and America ...................................11
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...........................................................................14
Introduction....................................................................................................................................20
Chapter 5: Recommendation and conclusion................................................................................27
Recommendation.......................................................................................................................28
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................30

CHAPTER- 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Tourism is referred to be one of the most vibrant sector that largely contributes in the
overall economy of the nation and thus plays a very important role in enhancing the financial
condition of a country. It is thereby important for associated bodies of the nation with a special
relevance to their governmental bodies to consider maintaining the tourism locations in the
nation as a way of promoting continual tourism in those preserved areas (Spencer, 2016).
Although, tourism is often based on the relationship among two or more nations where they are
regularly interdependent on each other due to some trade based relationship to further promote
the trend of business tourism over here. However, on considering the present research work, it is
referred to base upon the tourism relation of two places namely Cuba and America. It has
reflected a series of decisions taken place while the Cuban revolution began in the year 1898 that
drastically changed the entire relationship among US and Cuba and resulted in rivalry.
This revolution was firstly initiated by a young lawyer named Fidel Castro where it was
totally held in opposition to the forced president of Cuba that time called General Fulgencio
Batista due to several reasons that will be analysed in this study (Allison and et. Al., 2015). Also,
this study will consider evaluating the future implications of such destructive relationship among
US and Cuba. For which, it has together referred considering the factors associated with such
destructive terms among US and Cuba. It has subsequently mentioned about some leading facts
in the medieval period when the relationships indicated a soothing trade and tourism relationship
among both the countries.
It was however due to a respectable intervention made by the US president named Barack
Obama who attempted to drop all such type of restrictions in the year 2009. This resulted in
easing off the travellers and business persons to a great extent where the general restrictions were
totally lifted where people were totally permitted to undertake religious and educational trips to
Cuba along with several other restrictions that were lifted by him (US-Cuba relations: timeline of
a tangled history, 2016). However, the return of Donald Trump yet again resulted in drastic
changes in the uplifted embargo that in turn impacted the trade relations of Cuba and America by
specifically affecting the tourism industry of Cuba. Similar consequences along with the future
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implications of the decisions taken up by Trump in regard to this matter have been discoursed in
this investigation.
1.2 Rationale of the study
This section is to discourse upon the basis of this study where it is carried out to analyse
the current tourism relationship among Cuba and America by together scrutinizing its future
implications. For which, this section has rationalised the relative facts of this study by
ascertaining the problem statement of this study and scrutinize the fact behind it (Robinson and
Picard, 2016). In context to which, a substantial issue identified here is the destructive trade and
tourism relationship among Cuba and America that has also affected their trade relationship in a
very deterrent manner. On assimilation of these statistics, the way in which the aforesaid clause
is a problem has been determined. Herein, such negative relationship among Cuba and America
are evident to make a negative impact on the economic condition of both these nations by
directly influencing their trade related terms.
Lastly, this section is meant to address the reason for which the ascertained issue is being
specified as a problem. On referring to it, it can be said that adverse economic condition can
apparently result in exceeding the poverty level of the nations to a great extent that could result
in more atrocious consequences. This study has thereby intended to identify the future
implications of such damaging relationship among Cuba and America to resolve the same for
better outcomes in the future (Hingtgen, Kline, Fernandes and McGehee, 2015). Although, the
relationship among both these nations are still in a detrimental state due to the current president
named Donald Trump who has yet again raised the restrictions between Cuba and America
where US people are not allowed to continue visiting Cuba and their trade relationships with
them.
1.3 Research aims and objectives
It is mainly in context of the intended topic of this study on whose basis, below are the
framed aims and objectives to be attained for its fulfilment-
A prior aim of this study is “To analyse the current situation of tourism among Cuba and
America by together scrutinizing its future implication”. In order to accomplish this aim, below
are the stated objectives of this research work-
 To determine the facts associated with Cuban revolution and its association with
America.
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 To ascertain the bond between Cuba and America after a popular succession of Cuban
revolution.
 To evaluate the impact of Cuban revolution on the tourism relationship of Cuba and
America.
 To interpret the way in which the Cuban revolution affected the trade relationship
among Cuba and America.
 To recommend some effective ways in which both trade and tourism relationship
among Cuba and America can be improved for the future benefit of both the nations.
1.4 Analysis and framework
This is to discourse upon the way in which this investigation will be conducted with an
effective use of applicable tools and techniques. Herein, the researcher has undertaken several
operational measures for carrying out this investigation that involved a pivotal use of data
collection methods, techniques for analysing the results, research approach, design and
philosophy, etc. Apart from this, there together exists some other related concerns for carrying
out a substantial investigation where the researcher is often required to deal with some continual
issues that largely hinders the study (Coleman, 2013). In addition to this, there together exists
certain ethical consideration that are required to be taken attended by the surveyor while
conducting a dissertation that involves vast exploration of the subject matter. Herein, each of the
chosen method work towards the betterment of the survey and where they together play a vital
role in the achievement of its undertaken aims and objectives.
On considering the same, some leading proposals have been made for a precise
completion of this study where it will be based upon a deductive research approach supported by
the philosophy of positivism. This will in turn assist the investigator to explore the chosen
subject matter based on the scrutinization of the present tourism relationship between Cuba and
America (Saldanha and O'Brien, 2014). Beside this, the data collection method that will be
implemented in this study will reflect a significant use of secondary data collection where the
recent articles published in verified sites along with some previously carried studies will be
referred. Also, this will include another principal reference of the governmental reports issued by
both the nations. Lastly, the collected set of data will be analysed with the help of qualitative
measure of analysis that will in turn assist in carrying out a thematic scrutiny of results.
1.5 Structure of the dissertation
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This is to discourse upon the structure of the present dissertation which will be composed
of total five distinct chapter, as mentioned with their pertinent description of each below- Chapter 1 Introduction- It is the foremost chapter of this thesis that has provided an
overview of the entire study. By which, one can easily interpret the actual purpose of this
study. This unit involved the background of the study by together rationalising it and
defining its undertaken aims and objectives. Lastly, it has together stated about the
analytical measures adopted to carry out this investigation that has in turn reflected the
framework of this survey to easily interpret the way in which it will be carried out. Chapter 2 Literature review- This indicates another most crucial unit of this dissertation
that will largely contribute in this study. It basically involved some critical information
gathered from previously conducted study based on a similar subject matter. Likewise, it
has also presented a critical viewpoint of various authors who have either conferred
similar standpoints or have often argued upon certain points. It will lastly reflect as a
leading foundation of the study on whose basis, the outcomes of the present configured
study will be generated. Chapter 3 Research methodology- This is the third most unit of this dissertation that has
detailed the adopted tools and techniques to carry out the present undertaken research
work. Some portion of this unit has been defined in the analysis and framework section of
the opening chapter. Here, this section has involved a thorough description of the above
discussed measures to be used to carry out this research work in a guiding manner. Chapter 4 Data analysis- This will be representing the chapter in which he collected set
of information will be assessed using appropriate measures that will in turn help in
attaining the stated aims and objectives of this study. Herein, the information will be
analysed using qualities method of analysis by creating suitable themes to accomplish the
targeted goals of the research.
 Chapter 5 Conclusion- This is the endmost unit that will consider summarising the
analysed results generated from this study with a relevant set of recommendations for the
betterment of trade and tourism relationship among Cuba and America. It will thereby
consist of two vital sections namely conclusion and recommendations where both are
interlinked to one other. It is basically to frame justified recommendations based upon the
previously concluded results.
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Framework and analysis:
Framework and analysis is one of the essential step for collecting data and information
for the valid source. It is required to be done in respect to make right decision and overall
conclusion and recommendation for the aim of present study. There are various step for this
purpose which are as follows:
 Design of research: For the present research explanatory research design will be used so
that entire dissertation can be carried out in an effective manner. To gather meaningful
information this design is effective and appropriate.
 Research philosophy: In the present report interpretivism research philosophy will be
used for constructing the new theory. This research philosophy is effective in respect to
create deep understanding related to the current research
 Research approach: Inductive approach will be used by the researcher in present study.
As this approach will focus on moving from the specific information to generalisation. In
the present research the current situation of tourism among Cuba and America by
together scrutinizing its future implication is analysed. Therefore, this research design
will help in collecting specific information related to the present this topic.
 Methods of data collection: There are different methods through which information can
be collected by researcher. In the present report information will be collected through
secondary research. Here articles and internet will be useful for gathering the
information. Secondary information is effective and it provide valid outcome on the basis
of which recommendation can be provided
 Techniques of research: To analyse the data there are two types of techniques that is
qualitative and quantitative. In the present report qualitative method will be used for
collecting the information.
 Analysis of data: Qualitative technique will be used to analyse the collected data in an
systematic manner. Here thematic approach will be taken into consideration so that
collected information can be presented in systematic manner. Further it help in reflecting
all the collected information in a appropriate format.
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CHAPTER- 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
This reflects the second most important unit of this dissertation that will refer critiquing
distinct viewpoint of several authors based on the chosen subject matter of this study. It will in
turn reflect a prompt use of secondary resources to gather relevant set of data for further
accomplishing the defined aims and objectives of this investigation. For this purpose, various
themes concerning the chosen research topic have been developed to purposefully attain the
targeted goals of this study (Epstein, 2016). Also, this chapter has reflected an enlightening
scope to the entire research work where it is apparent to create a theoretical framework for the
selected area of research. The present study is carried to analyse the current situation of tourism
among Cuba and America that has become a serious concern for the entire nation due to the
embargo between them. The same concerns have been discoursed in the below referred themes
considering the evidences given by the scholars who have investigated the similar state of affair.
2.2 Facts associated to Cuban Revolution
Cuban revolution as per its entitlement itself indicates a rebellious act done by a young
barrister named Fidel Castro who took this initiative to oppose the Batista government. This was
basically in disapproval of a conquered presidency taken up by the General Fulgencio Batista.
This took place in the year 1953 where in July 26th, the first attach was done by Castro as stated
by Cushion (2016). Although, he was soon arrested for this occurrence and was also sent for an
imprisonment of 15 subsequent years. This attack was basically done in opposition to the armed
camps in Santiago that was soon defeated by the militants. Providentially, he was soon free in the
year 1955 by Batista in display of utmost power that gave rise to yet another attack done by
Castro in the year 1956 on 2nd December. However, he was yet again defeated by the military
force of Batista where this led to the flee of Castro to Sierra Maestra. Soon after this incident,
there occurred yet another attack by Castro that was basically his 3rd attack done with the support
of the defiant Cubans. This lastly led Batista to escape the nation.
Dubinsky (2017) with a distinct consent to it have hereby argued about the above
specified timeline of Cuban revolution that do not indicated such smooth transition and thus
made Castro and other rebellion Cubans to fight against it. This in turn led to a battle among the
Cubans and the dominancy of the forced President. Their efforts ultimately led to the upraise of
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Cuba in the year 1959 after the escape of the forced President. In whose accordance, it is an
intense matter that took place on 26th of July, 1953, i.e., 62 years ago when the young lawyer and
an aspirant individual of Cuba combined a rebellious force with some structured strategies to
Cuban ruler Fulgencio Batista. He has been accused to be a corrupt individual with long series of
oppression and for whose dismissal, Castro being an activist and a reformist mostly appealed his
party. However, he did not seem to be successful in his part and have thereby took the initiative
of planning unruly outbreaks against the president.
Sweeney (2016) with a supportive outlook towards the above conferred statement have
specified it to be the result of unsuccessful legal norms that forced Castro to take this step. With
effect to it, Castro hereby led 160 rebel armed forces to block the Moncada military camps in
Santiago de Cuba. However, he hereby failed to explode a popular revolt where it alternatively
led to the decease of the protestors and together led to the arrest of Castro where he was then
penalised for 15 years of imprisonment. Although, they were set free in the year 1955 for being
associated with a strong political party in Cuba where Castro and his brother named Raul both
were released under the clause of exemption. After which, both of them escaped to Mexico with
several other Cuban refugees and thereby organised the movement of 26th July by referring to
begin the campaign that will ultimately led to the banish of Batista from Cuba.
Within a year, Castro along with his team of total 82 men boarded the Granma ship from
Mexico that was constructed to accommodate maximum 25 people o then landed on the eastern
coast of Cuba on 2nd of December in the year 1956. Herein, 12 out of those 82 were seized and
slayed. But, Castro and his brother successfully survived both these events along with another
protester named Camilo Cienfuegos who later represented the top leaders of this movement.
González (2016) reasoned it to be the start of guerrilla war pack where Castro managed to
accumulate the revolutionary helpers by pushing it across Cuba. They have resultantly won a
series of triumphs over the armed militaries of Batista when Barista intentionally took such
ruthless measures to control the city. However, Castro’s brother Raul and one of their
accompanied protestor named Guevara killed the followers of Batista who were administrated on
the mountains.
Herein, they successfully managed to make use of some informants in favour of Castro to
provide him generous information about the whereabouts in the camp. As per the conferred
statement of Clayton and et.al. (2017), these were the people who intentionally surrendered them
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to Batista’s force where they lastly assisted Castro to successfully led the event of 26th July that
was lastly succeeded and let to a final expulsion of Batista at the end. However, it also resulted in
destructing the relationship between Cuba and America by seriously effecting their trade and
tourism relationship. The entire campaign indicated a major role of the guerrilla fighters
appointed by Batista where despite of being less than 200 in numbers, they were constantly
forcing the Cuban army to withdraw. This involved total 35000 militaries appointed in Cuban
army who were continually being forced to leave the battle with an unsuccessful consequent at
the end. It is by the end of the year 1958, in March, the relationship among US and Cuba
changed to a great extent where it hereby showed a significant contribution of Batista’s insistent
downfall where his forces were entirely defeated by Castro’s militants.
Meneghel and et.al. (2016) hereby disclosed yet another incident of the same year where
on 14th of March, the appointed President of US named Dwight D. Eisenhower hereby intended
to enforce weapon restriction on the island. This proposal rapidly succeeded and America started
shifting away from Batista and stopped supporting him. This in turn made a significant impact on
Cuban air force where Cuba was now not able to get parts for restoration. After a series of such
unfavourable incidents against Batista, he hereby referred to make a final attempt for retrieving
all his lost powers over the hills. Herein, Batista planned an operation and named it Verano and
directed a crowd of 12, 000 offensive battalions to fight with Castro. This operation yet again led
to historic fights in whose response, Castro also took a rebellion turn by launching his own
attacking team of fighters.
The battalions were divided into pillars of leader fighters where the teams were majorly
divided in three parts to be led by Castro, Cienfuegos and Guevara as stated by Weaver and et.al.
(2016). All of these three team of battalions succeeded in defeating Batista where he finally fled
from Cuba on 1st of January, 1959 illustrated as Dominican Republic. It was confirmed when the
very next day, a militant commander-in-chief restricted his troops to fight in Santiago de Cuba
where this assured the victory of Cubans revolutionists where they succeeded in the movement
of 26th July. After which, a victory march was held in Havana as the capital city of Cuba by the
rebel supporters and ended with the arrival of Fidel Castro dated on 8th of Jan 1959.
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2.3 A timeline of the relationship between Cuba and America
According to the Clark and et.al. (2016) during January 1,1959 Fidel Castro came into
the rule by defeating Fulgencio Batista by creating the bitter relations among them and then
resulted in clashes. Later on, during 1959 the Cuba became volunteered and likewise the
properties of Cuba were purchased by the US and steadily there were certain constraints occurred
in business undertakings. Likewise, Cuba gaunt towards the Soviet Union to repay the amount.
Renwick and et.al. (2016) has hereby referred that in the year 1960, the president asked CIA to
guide the soldiers of Cuba to defeat the Castro and because of this act during 19th October 1960
few exports towards the Cuba was restricted by the US nation. Not only this, the relations
between Cuba and US came to an end and which resulted in the closure of embassy existing at
Havana.
In the April 17, 1961 John F Kennedy, the president given the training to almost 1500
refugees by the CIA in order to deploy and throw the Castro from Cuba. This aggression resulted
into a complete failure which had made the Castro utilised his victory and tries to control and
made relations with Soviet Union. In the year 1962 since 14-28 October the crisis of the missiles
of Cuba was ongoing and was finally come to an end. It was basically due to the secret
agreement for the removal of US missiles in Turkey in exchange with the de-forming of Cuba
was accepted by Nikita Krushcdev which was proposed by Kennedy.
For about 6 months the missiles were stopped but the American's never forgiven them
because of their behaviour as they trusted them and allowed them stay near the mainland of
America. At the time of 8th February 1963, Kennedy forcefully stopped the US citizens to travel
to Cuba and even stopped them for making any transactions in terms of money with that country
which resulted in ruining the country completed for the next 50 years. According to Moreno
(2016), the president Jimmy Carter omitted the restrictions towards the Cuba and lately in the
year 1977 Cuba started taking interest in the parts of Washington, DC. Furthermore, Johnson
(2016) have hereby enlightened yet another fact where in the year 1982, the president Reagen
started the travel and business transactions within the Cuba and enhances its monetary
negotiations. During the year 1996, an act was formed by the US congress for enhancing the
restraint against Cuba. This law is collectively convicted by the foreign governments and
charitable groups.
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Lately on 12th September 1998, five Cubans were arrested by the US in Miami and were
with their intelligence they were found as the culprits. As per the given statement of Fletcher
(2017), during the year 2009 on 13th of April all of the restrictions against Cuba was omitted by
the president Obama and not only this he even started the travelling inside Cuba in terms of the
traditional and educational trips. Further, on December 17, 2014 Alan Gross was made free by
the Cuba in terms of charity and then by the US union three people among those of 'five Cubans'
were set free from the nation. Moreover, Cuba got removed from the list of terrorists by the US
president. However, in accordance to Gordon (2016), during February 2016 the commercial
flights started between US and Cuba.
2.4 Lift of the embargo between USA and Cuba
This is mainly in context to the embargo imposed by US against Cuba that was entitled as
blockade and thus barricaded the relationship between both the nations. This embargo showed a
commercial, financial and economic prohibition enforced by US on Cuba that in turn affected
their trade relations to a great extent. Also, it was with a special context of ruined tourism
relationship among both the countries where people were restricted to visit the island. Although,
Pérez-Stable (2016) hereby referred it to be a series of embargo that continued for a long-time
period with a primary initiation dated on 14th of March in the year 1958. It was with an aim of
prohibiting the sale of weapons by US to Cuba. This together depicted the era of Batista’s
command in Cuba.
Serbin (2016) hereby enlightened the associated facts of yet another event of embargo
that took place just after 2 years of the first embargo. This was reported to held on 19th October,
1960 when US enforced restriction on exports done to Cuba. It was basically after succeeding the
battle followed by Cuban revolution for the discharge of Batista’s regime. This embargo was
held with an exception where the supply of food and medicine without recompense to the
Cubans was permitted by US. However, Treviño (2017) have reasoned it to be an agreed clause
where this exemption was due to the US- owned Cuban oil factories which were Cuba state-
owned and was of great help to America. Although, soon after another embargo, on 7th of
February, 1962, all restrictions were meant to limit all sort of import in US from Cuba. The
situation is still in process with support of 6 statutory enactments namely Foreign Assistance
Act, 1961, Trading with the Enemy Act, 1917, Cuban Democracy Act, 1992, Cuban Assets
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Control Regulations, 1963, Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act, 2000 and the
Helms–Burton Act, 1996.
2.5 Impact of embargo on the trade relationship of Cuba and America
During the year 2015 the president Obama eliminated every restriction towards the Cuba but
the problem occurs is that the present president of US Donald Trump says that he may deny with
the above elimination in case if Cuba refuses the future dealings. This had a wide impact over
their trade relations as explained further by Guridy (2016). Chasing of Funds was the foremost
concern where the elimination of the restrictions may leads to have large export of the Cuban
products by the US nations but the lights had thrown over the discussion that as we well know
that the products of the Cuba are quite wide in the market because it has been traded by that of
the European organisations but in case if those organizations refuses to trade those Cuban
products in future because of the trade dealings with US may create a big havoc for the Cuba. So,
the nation must maintain healthy relations with the European nations as well as with the US
nation ensuring the growth of Cuban products in the markets and which leads to increase in
wealth of the country and also strengthens the country’s export policy.
Another impact stated by Kapcia (2016) was in context of large business in comrade style
where after resolving the dispute with Us nation now Cuba has increased his business worldwide
and even with shaking hands among the European traders the Cuban products have achieved the
wide market and has increased the profit of the Cuba. Moreover, the imperial tobacco of the US
company has given the rights to distribute the cigars of Cuba widely which has occupied the
market for cigars as well as the tobacco worldwide which gives the positive impact of the
resolving dispute among the US and Cuba. Likewise, after the solving of the dispute among the
countries the Cuba has become the most popular travelling spot for the travellers and is now been
recognised as one of the best and desired tourist place in the world. This has also resulted in
increasing the profit of the nation which further leads to the growth of the nation in a wider
manner. Apart from the Cuban exports another main emphasis should be done on the Cuba
imports of the food, clothes, agricultural items etc. which is also very important factor to be kept
under regard for the growth of the nation.
Smith, Hadfield and Dunne (2016) hereby mentioned yet another impact where the uplift of
embargo also led to the increase in the economic productivity. It has a positive impact after
resolving the dispute among both the countries because it resulted in enhancement of the
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productivity of the nation and therefore increased the wealth or money that in turn led to the
growth of the entire nation. Economic growth of the nation ensures the sound environment
within the country and even increase the wealth or the nation and this also ensures the safety of
the nation from the future threats. Lastly, it together indicated the situation of a base boundary
that specified that the dispute has been initially resolved but may have result in future disaster
too. So, Cuba must initiate the country's wealth so that the country does not face any future
problems in terms of everything. Moreover, the country should maintain the relations of trade
with every nation to ensure more exports which results in achievement of more and more profit
and may leads to the growth of the nation.
At the time when Trump was elected as a president he pledged to terminate Policy of Obama if
Cuba proceed to deny concession to the U.S. Since the Obama president of U.S remove
restriction from travel, Cuban is waiting and making room for an American invasion which they
have long yearned for tourist. According to the Steele (2017) it state that new president Trump
disclosed a directive cancelling portions of the Obama's 2016 a strained relations with Cuba.
Trump promise that he will reverse all the Obama free trade and tourism policy initiatives and
implement the U.S import barrier on Cuba. Further this decision raise the questions among
Americans who are interested in travelling or want to enjoy their vacant at Cuba. Therefore, this
rule made by Trump can affect to those people who are hoping to visit Cuba. The order given by
Trump will restrict the American who want to travel to the island. Along with this government
will emphasize to ban on “Tourism” to the country. This ban was not technically not lifted under
Obama. Further U.S companies are refused to do business with the military linked conglomerate
GAESA, as it can control the island tourism industry.
Further it become difficult for American to travel at Cuba, it is so because if anyone want
to travel in another country then it need to travel under specific, government approved itinerary.
This means American no longer to catch the flight to Cuba. In fact American cannot stay in hotel
of Cuba or take car on rent with a tour because Cuba government own them. Further approval
need to be take for travel from the tour operator which will be remain legal if it booked to stay in
pre approved accommodation. For instance privately owned hotel. Further it can take part in only
pre approved activities (Weaver and et.al., 2016). For all this traveller need to pay thousand
dollars to a tour operator for ensuring that every thing gone legally. Along with this tour operator
need to ensure that each and everything done as per the new rules and regulation made by
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government. This all policy and rules adopted by tour operator is audited by the U.S government
for making sure that their guidebook are modified as per the new policy. However, it is not clear
that the way U.S officials will enforce audits and regularly check the travel. Here it can be stated
that due to some restriction implied by Trump create problem and make travel more expensive
for the travellers. It becomes unbound than independent travel but there is legal way to travel
which can be affordable my high class people (Arencibia-Jorge, Corera-Alvarez and Vega-
Almeida, 2017). Apart from this there are different airlines that is frontier, spirit, and silver have
unaccessible their U.S to Cuba routes. However the larger carriers are determined to continue
servicing their both the charter and commercial flight. While some of the flight are still permitted
that is Jet blue and Delta which are continuing to provide their services and they should be
compliance with the new polices.
From the secondary research it is concluded that Obama the ex ownerable president make
some policy under which individual is permitted to travel from U.S. to Cuba for spending their
vacation, or for educational purpose. However, it tried to make good relation with president of
Cuba so that tourism can be enhance in both the country. But the current president Mr. Trump
make some new policy in which it kept some restriction on travelling from U.S to Cuba. There
are many reason due to which he takes this action. While there are some strict procedure which
people of U.S need to follow regarding travelling. Further it is concluded that Trump is not
revising all of the Obama's changes but he is redefining what it means to be part of the Cuban
military through which U.S company can be prevented from doing business in Cuba.
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CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
Research methodology is one of the important chapter of dissertation which assist in
carrying out research in systematic manner. There are different tools, techniques and procedures
which is used in respect to carry out research in an effective way. The present study is based on
analysing the current situation of tourism among Cuba and America by together scrutinizing its
future implication. Therefore, for carry out this study qualitative study is being conducted in
respect to find potential reason for future implication (Mackey and Gass, 2015.). Along with this,
researcher will give detail information and justification for each selected method. This all
methods prove to be an effective in respect to reach aim of this study. Further, general
information is also provided of all the methods. Hence, it shows that there are number of
methods for the present research which in turn fruitful conclusion is drawn.
Types of investigation:
There are different type of investigation that is qualitative and quantitative which can be
used in the present study. Here, in qualitative investigation the entire research is carried out in
the theoretical aspect which is completed with the depth analysis. While in qualitative
investigation all the information demands numerical aspects. It demands some of the statistical
method that is correlation, regression and Chi Square test etc. In the present report researcher
will use qualitative techniques for carrying out entire research in a theoretical form (Taylor,
Bogdan and DeVault, 2015). Further it helps in producing suitable outcome of the problem in
relation to the present topic that is to analyse the current situation of tourism among Cuba and
America by together scrutinizing its future implication. Qualitative and quantitative both the
techniques are appropriate manner so that entire research can be completed effectively. But the
selection of technique is depended on the nature of research project. Qualitative analysis is
selected for the present research because it assists researcher in developing deep understanding
related to the topic so the on the basis of which recommendation can be provided for resolving
the issues related to tourism.
Research approach:
Research approach is known as one of the important aspect of research methodology
which highlights the pattern of gathering the data. There are 2 type of research approach which
can be used by the researcher in respect to carry out research that is inductive and deductive. In
14

inductive approach first specific information is collected then generalization of the same is done.
While in deductive approach focus firstly specific information is collected and generalization of
the same is done (Brinkmann, 2014). In this research focus on constructing a new theory
through evaluating the qualitative facts.
In the present report researcher is using inductive approach because it assists in carrying
out study through collecting the general information first then identified the specific causes of
the topic. Along with this it also assists in developing deep understanding of the present topic
(Gast and Ledford, 2014). Further it also proves tot be effective in respect to implement
strategies for analyzing the current situation of tourism among Cuba and America by together
scrutinizing its future implication Therefore, inductive approach has been selected for collection
of essential information in accordance to aims and objectives.
Research design: Research design is known as the process through which all the collected
information is presented in relation to its aim. Basically there are three type of research design
which can be used such as descriptive, exploratory, explanatory. The explanatory research design
is applied at the time when issues need to discover which has find out yet (Kurinczuk, Linsell
and Morris, 2016). While exploratory is used to investigate and uncover the issues which provide
valid result in relation to aim and objectives. Further this design provide researcher different
ways in respect to reach the valid outcome in respect to accomplish the aim and objectives. Here
causes and effect relationship can be identified under which impact of the one factor on other
another is measured (Abidin, Rusli, and Khan, 2016). On the other hand, descriptive research
design is used at the time when help in describing the attributes of the population which are
considered in the study.
In present dissertation researcher used descriptive research design which assist to get
valid sources of information and on the basis of same valid outcome can be drawn. Due to this
research descriptive research design is applied for reaching the aim of current study. Further one
of the main reason for selecting this design is that characteristics of the population is described
on the basis of which deep understanding related to the topic can be developed (Marais and
Pienaar-Marais, 2016,). Therefore, owing this research design is proved to be effective in
respect to extract valid outcomes.
Research philosophy:
15

Research philosophy is based on the assumption of the belief and values which
researcher have regarding the current topic. There are two type of research philosophy that is
interpretivism and positivism (Kalra, Phadnis and Joshi, 2017). Positivism is based on different
facts and figures of particular aspects while interpretivism is based on one fact which is followed
by different facts. When qualitative investigation is carried out then interprevitism philosophy is
proved to be best in respect to use for study. While positivism philosophy is based in respect to
analyses quantitative facts and figures. Therefore, before selecting the research philosophy it is
important for the investigator to make sure which type of investigation techniques is used
(Nieswiadomy and Bailey, 2017).
In the present research, investigator is applying interpretivsm philosophy because it help
researcher to incorporate his own views and for the selected research issues. Further, this
research assist in incorporating own views and suggestion related to issues which are faced by
Cuba due to restriction on tourism (Landau, Cohen-Mansfield and Lev-Ari, 2016). Further it
also facilitates scholar to investigate valid outcome on the basis of which suggestion can be
provided for improvement. Hence, owing this research philosophy is best in respect to provide
valid outcome through collecting the large amount of information related to the present study
topic.
Data collection
Data collection is the process which is connected with the method of collecting the
information which is appropriate in relation to the particular topic. At the time of selecting the
research technique it is important to be careful because it directly impacts the outcome of the
research (Hwang, Mossa-Basha and Anzai, 2016). Therefore, there are two methods for
collecting the data that is primary and secondary. Both the methods are very effective regarding
to gain information related to analysing the current situation of tourism among Cuba and
America by together scrutinizing its future implication. Primary information is that information
which is new and not published by any author. On the other hand secondary information is that
information which is old and published by different authors in books, internet and journals
(Patino, Buist and Vollmer, 2016).
There are different type of method for collecting the primary and secondary information
which can be used by researcher. Here methods for gathering the primary information is
interview, survey, questionnaire, observations etc (Mammen, Norton and Butz, 2016). on the
16

other hand for collecting the secondary information books, journals and government reports can
be used by scholar. In the present report researcher will use secondary method for collecting the
information. Here secondary information will be gathered from articles, books and journals. One
of the main reason behind selecting this sources is that it result is providing more suitable result
of the present topic that is to analyse the current situation of tourism among Cuba and America
by together scrutinizing its future implication. Here, data sources will assist in making evaluation
of the viewpoints of different author related to the topics. Hence, it can be stated that secondary
sources is very effective in respect to reach the aim and objective of the present research (Wiek
and Lang, 2016).
Data analysis:
Data analysis is one of the essential chapter in entire dissertation which assist in attaining
aims and objectives of the present research. This section is consist of different tools and
techniques which care used by the researcher so that collected information can be analyzed in
systematic manner (Muriana and Vizzini, 2017 ). One of the main reason behind selecting these
techniques is that it help converting the collected information in valid outcome. After collecting
the information it is very important to analysis the collected data so that that researcher can
achieve all the objective of present research. There are two techniques which can be used by
researcher for analyzing the collected data that is qualitative and quantitative techniques. In study
where collected information is presented in numerical form, then quantitative techniques is used.
On the other hand to present the information in non numerical way qualitative techniques is used
(Eisenhardt, Graebner and Sonenshein, 2016). Under this thematic perception is undertaken so
that for presenting the collected information. Further in qualitative techniques there are different
types statistical tool and test is applied for analysis the gathered information. Some of the
statistical tool is known as Z-test, chi square test etc. This test help in presenting the fair
outcome of the present research. While, in qualitative techniques several themes are prepared by
the investigator on the basis of outcomes. Besides this, charts and graphs are prepared which
help in interpreting the collected data in more effective manner. Further it cab be stated that at
the time of selecting the techniques scholar need to be very careful because success of the
research is depended on the outcome of the method which is used for analysis. For the purpose of
analysing the current situation of tourism among Cuba and America by together scrutinizing its
future implication, qualitative techniques of data analysis has been used (Sekaran and Bougie,
17

2016). Here thematic analysis will be carried out for evaluation of the collected information and
all the result is presented with the help charts. The main reason behind selecting these techniques
is that it is very effective as per accordance to the nature of present research and all the
techniques mentioned above is appropriate for present investigation (Raynor, Ayubcha and
Alavi, 2017).
Ethical consideration:
It is also one of the important part of the research because no study can be accomplish
without undertaking ethical consideration. All the information which is collected from the
secondary sources is properly cited with the evidence. It leads to determine ethical aspect which
assist scholar to meet the objective in an right manner. Further, research ethics need to consider
through focusing upon the use different tools and techniques which is used for gathering the
valid information (Sutrisna and Setiawan, 2016). Further it proved to be very effective in order
to get the valid suggestions for solving the potential issues which are being faced by tourist at
Cuba and America by together scrutinizing its future implication. In addition to this, all
incorporated are based on the previous studied which help scholar in getting the valid outcome.
Therefore, all the research process is completed within the given period of time. Investigator got
enough time for carrying out entire research in an effective manner (Attar, Haghighat and
Ghassemi, 2016).
Research limitation: At the time of working on the present research that is to analyse the
current situation of tourism among Cuba and America by together scrutinizing its future
implication the investigator has tried to put its best efforts for getting valid result. Further there is
less time and monetary resource available due to which highly detailed investigation is not
carried out by the researcher (Mackey and Gass, 2015). No controversial situation took place at
the time of carrying out the research or for the approval of restricted sites.
At the time of carrying out the study, there are many issues which are faced by scholar
that is restriction of different sites (Médici and Allen, 2016). Some of the restricted sites are
important for carrying out the entire research because it can provide new direction to the
researcher. Therefore, permission was taken so that restricted sites can be used for carrying out
present research in an effective manner.
Validity and reliability:
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In order to raise the reliability and validity of the present study there are different aspects
which have been undertaken by researcher. Along with this, for accomplishing the aim of present
research all the information is collected from the authentic sources (Peter, Werner and Alavi,
2017). The main reason behind this that all the data sources are copyright protected and all the
information is highly reliable which help in getting valid solution of the problem (Marais and
Pienaar-Marais, 2016,). All the secondary data which is collected are directly addressing the aim
and objective of the present research. Themes are prepared for the collected information in
accordance to reach the aim. This aspects show that all the suitable data is gather for carrying
out entire study.
Furthermore, all the latest books, articles and journals are taken into consideration with
the reason to gain understanding of the present topic that is to analyses the current situation of
tourism among Cuba and America by together scrutinizing its future implication. Different tools
and techniques are taken into consideration which are employed by the scholar that are highly
reliable. In the present study qualitative investigation is selected for analyzing the collected data.
Further data has been analyzed through undertaking thematic perception (Cooper, Desjardins
and Croll, 2016).
19

CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS
Introduction
Data analysis is one of the important chapter which play essential role in entire
dissertation it is so because it help in reaching the outcome of the present topic. Through data
analysis it becomes easy to collect the information which assist scholar to reach the aim of
present study. In this study qualitative techniques use for collecting the secondary information.
Here researcher, collect information from different articles and internet to analysis the collect
data. All the collected data is presented in thematic for with the help of graphs (Abdullah, Wood
and Kinsella, 2017). This is very effective for scholar to carry out study in a well structured
manner which make it easy to attain set of aims and objectives. Furthermore, through the help of
internet and article it becomes easy to get views of different authors which they give regarding
the current situation of tourism among Cuba and America by together scrutinizing its future
implication. In addition to this, each research theme is supported with proper evidence
Theme 1: The evolution of Cuba tourism industry
Interpretation and analysis: Cuba was alone among the Caribbean economies which is lack in
strong tourism sector and even an aggressive tourism promotion policy. Decision was taken not
to promote tourism in the early decades because of Cuba socialist revolution. In 1950 there is
increase in gambling, prostitution, and the presence of American organized crime in casinos and
Hotels who are working in a league with the Batista government. Further, at the time when there
is restriction on American travellers are get rid of, Cuba experienced the second boom. Due to
new immigration restriction lead to impact may travellers who are interested in visiting different
destination of Cuba (Epstein, 2016). It can be stated that it is safe to make sure that Cuban
tourism can continuously and it will not be impacted by the changes in American policy.
Therefore, Cuban will be continue to help in growth of Cuban economy. Further it can be stated
that tourism is become more essential as because it shows a significant because it reflects the
group of investment which generate hard currency. Tourism within a ten year is converted into
most dynamic sector of the Cuban economy. There are many foreign countries who are
interested in investing in the Cuban tourism sector which help in growth of tourism industry.
Theme 2: American tourist do not want to travel to Cuba.
Interpretation and analysis: It is interpreted that a survey from insurance provider Allianz
Global Assistance found that there are 76% or participant who state that they are not planning a
20

trip in Cuba as compared to 70% in 2016. Further there are only 2% who are planning to visit
Cuba in the end of 2017, the same is 2016 neglect a projected increase in travellers from the
country ministry of tourism. Along with this it is also identified that 50 % of respondent state
that they would not like to travel Cuba which is compared to just 58% in 2016.
It is analysed that an excitement related to travel to Cuba is after opening the borders to
US in 2016 may have lost some of its shine. As Americans are now not interested in travelling to
Cuba. Further, new president of America Donald Trump declared that he will reverse the
important phase change of relation which was dee-lop between the Cuba and America under the
Obama administration. The new action is aimed once again for restricting travel to Cuba and
block deal which is taken place between the two countries (US-Cuba relations: timeline of a
tangled history. 2016). The initial excitements related to block the business between two country
gave way to clean dilemmas different problem such as food shortage, lower hotel standards etc.
From the study it is found that there is lack of travel infrastructure which is one of the major
cause of mental state related to travelling to Cuba for most of the Americans. However, it is
possible that people are finding option to travel Cuba but they decide non to go at one they learn
about its few restrictions related to travel. Further, from the research it is analysed that hotels are
expensive in Cuba and few of hotels are there who meet the US standard.
Theme 3: Relation between Cuba and US lead to impact tourism .
Interpretation and analysis: There are many flights which are connected the airports of Miami
and Havana in regular basis. Along with this of Cuban hotel there are many hotels and glittery
nightclubs which are the common destination for American people. American travellers are
increasing and they are becoming familiar with different destination of Cuba ( Changing tides of
U.S. policy may sink Cuban tourism hopes. 2017.). This is about to change when the Obama
administration relaxed those travel limitation this impact the changes in US travel to Cuba. The
new regulation allow Americans to visit the different destination with their families and for
eduction without taking a special license from Government of U.S. Along with this traveler can
easily import up to $ 400 worth of goods per person at the then when they return from Cuba to
America. Citizen of US can use there debit card and credit card for making purchase of goods
and services. Apart from this it is still illegal for Citizen of US to travel Cuba without any goal
but to enjoy their vacation (Latham, 2017).
Theme 4: Changing tides of U.S policy lead to sink Cuban tourism.
21

Interpretation and analysis: Since the Obama president of U.S remove restriction from travel,
Cuban is waiting and making room for an American invasion which they have long yearned for
tourist. However, in month of June new president of America declared that he would reverse
some key aspects if the diplomatic phase change which includes the ban on tourism with few
exception. It is about two months ago that President Trump announced that he was closing down
some of the opening to Cuba which was started by the Obama in 2014. If people not travel to
Cuba then it leads to affect growth and economy (Average Cubans likely hurt by Trump’s return
to stricter rules. 2017.). There are lots of changes which are required in country. Further mostly
people travel for the education purpose and business which is directly affected Cuba. Along with
these people who like to visit at different place for holiday purpose have to face some problem in
travelling. This can impact the tourism company profit and growth. Tourism industry is
concerned related to there retrenchment which is going to hit them. People who travel from
America to Cuba have provided the economy as much they required. People are also afraid as
they can lose their job because at present Cuban economy is not good because of different
reason. There
Theme 5: Average Cuban are hurt by Trump's return to sticker rules
Interpretation and analysis: President of U.S Mr. Trump proclaimed revived limitation on
enterprise activities in and travel to Cuba, partly inverse course in former president re-
engagement with Island country. There are many respondents who state that Trump words are
simply seems bit ambiguous. Therefore, if government of U.S wants the best for American as
well as Cuban as it need to look out for some common things which appear between both of
them. On the other hand few respondent state that there is a huge reverse in the relationship
which take place between America and Cuba. This seems to be like a cold war. However, some
of the participant state that it is been level of confusion, of disgust and anger. Government of
U.S. is treating them like an enemy and closing off them (Why American tourists don’t want to
travel to Cuba. 2017). At present Trump has taken it not all away but it has really cut back
momentous. Trump state that the way all of the money which is being going down from last few
years toward the Cuban government. Hence, it is right that it goes to government but people are
upset because to punish the government of Cuban they are the one's who are getting hurt. Further
it is analysed that American tourist are going to be able to make trip and Trump Administration
is now going to change the visa system which make tough for tourist of America to get the U.S.
22

Theme 5: In Cuba, American tourist enhance demand for hotels
Interpretation and analysis: It is analysed that the government of U.S. relieved restriction on
travel to Cuba at last year . There are large number of tourist who are visiting the Caribbean
island nation has rise. There are upto 230 thousand who went to Cuba in first 3 months of this
year and two to half times in the 2014 at the time when procedure of normalizing relations is
started. The hospitality industry of Cuba has lots of to catch up with less expectation. At present
there are 63 thousand of hotel in Cuba and many hotels need to improve in term of quality in
respect to approach a million of international visitors ever year. Further, the government of
Cuban has relaxed some rules for the foreign ownership hotels (McLeod, Lewis and Spencer,
2017). Further it permit international channel for building, reconstruct and bring off hotels as
long the partners who state owned Cuban tourism business. Further the government of Cuba has
make announcement to double the Island hotel capacity by 2020. There is shortage of room
which become another boon for company which is run by America.
Theme 6: Different ways Trump new policies will affect U.S. Travel to Cuba
Interpretation and analysis: New policy made by Trump administration directly affect U.S.
Travel to Cuba. Embassies in Washington and Havana was reopened in 2015 and for the half
century it is remained open. However, Rule are more stricter and limited group tourism will
continue. Along with this there is ban against transactions which is done with business to
controlled the Cuban military. Companied who invest in tourism will suffer due to restriction.
The Cuban policy will mean close for travel restriction due to recommencement of direct U.S.
Cuba commercial flight (Abdullah, Wood and Kinsella, 2017). As per the law Tourism is
banned between U.S. And Cuba. But the president of US Obama had been permitting people to
travel for holiday or for educational trip. The bending rules make difficult to come up with new
policy. The new policy is directive eliminates individual trips. Apart from this Trump a new
president of America announced that Obama rules related to tourism. Therefore, American
decide to allowed visiting Cuba if it comes on Cruise ships for instance US government
approved that tour agencies which make sure travel path should not take much more time.
Mainly the expectation was to establish embassies in Havana and Washington that started in
2015. Rules and policies will remain strict and restriction regarding tourism will be availed.
Cuban military controlled transactions among various companies such as hotel and tourism
industry and would result in cooling down the economic ties. Cubans will be highly suffered
23

because of establishing the participation in tourism. Cuban policies has tightened the travel
policies whereas Cuba flights and new cruises routes will remain the same as before. Us laws
have earlier banned Cuba for tourism whereas Obama administration has allowed Cubans to
travel in regard to educational trips. Twelve authorized categories including artistic, religious and
journal activities has created a policy to eliminate individual trips (Herrera and Spiegel, 2017).
Therefore, revision in travel policies will tighten the current rules and designs so that tourists of
America are adhered to be authorized legally. Not adhering towards these rules will create
inevitable discouraging tourists, hefty fines and will skip the leisure aspects. Further, new
policies will dampen ties to Cuba but will manage existing business deals such as one truck by
Obama under Starwood hotels and also to manage historic hotel of Havana and many more. No
such plans are emerged in order to change cigars and islands rum that Americans can bring for
their personal uses.
Theme 7: Trump slams Obama-era Cuba policy, says it enriches Castro regimes
Interpretation: The policy of white house lead to attempt to shift money from Cuban military
and intelligence services. Trump made new policy in which it kept some restriction on travelling
to Cuba. Further it stated that he just want to end policy which improve Castro regimes. He
criticized his predecessor's Cuba policy in Miami where it said that he permitted the Castro
regime to take benefit from increased tourism (Thunnissen, Borczuk and Botling, 2017). New
policy of white house directs that treasury department need to stop common method of visiting.
It can stop individual people travel. Therefore, US embargo technically banned tourism but at the
time when Obama was president he relaxed regulation related to tourism and it also allows
individual travel. Further, Trump also state that he was cancelling policies of Obama that a
document which is published by the treasury office of foreign assets control. All the profit
which is earned from the military is flow directly to the regime. Then this money is taken by
them for own the industry. The outcome of the last administration is that it lead to affect the
execution action which is been more repression and move to crust the peaceful. Apart from this
trump also slammed the Castro government for its human right record (Arencibia-Jorge, Corera-
Alvarez and Vega-Almeida, 2017.). He ensures that he will disclose the law-breaking of the
Castro government and influence Cuban. Further he also state that freedom for Cuban will be in
the interest of American's. Under the communist domination Cuban people suffered a lot. Trump
24

president of U.S said that Cuba is rule by the people who killed then of thousands of their
citizens. Therefore, Trump assurance that he will deal better and serve make sure that both
Cuban and U.S people were served as per their interest.
Theme 8: Futures hole for U.S. Cuba relations
Interpretation and analysis: The trade between U.S. And Cuba lead to improve the relations
between both of the country. There is uncertainty and disappointment is created by the Trump.
He makes changes in the policy which lead to directly impact the relation between both the
country. Due to restriction which is applied by Trump on travelling impact the government of
Cuba as well as people of America who interested in travelling Cuba (Jordan, Bynum Boley,
and Kline, 2017). For travelling people need to follow strict rules and regulation. Along with
this, there are some negative impact occur in both the country relation. American business lost
the opportunities of business which they had created when Obama was president. Trump state
that that death of Castro who was against the Cuba lead to provide good future to Cuban and
opportunity to live in freedom. To maintain the relation it is important for Cuba to continue
tourism and remittance from the US. There are some purpose of creating better relation with
Cuba is geopolitical. There can be strong relation created between both the country if Trump do
not implement any type of restriction on tourism (Bausch, Guzman and Espinal, 2017).
However, this lead to impact the tourism industry and growth and development of economy. For
the better relation it is important for the government to fulfil all the legal laws and solve all the
problem with negotiations.
Theme 9: Trump new Cuba policy restricts tourism and business
Discussion and analysis: Trump state that he will increase the restriction toward the Cuba. They
promised to breakdown the communist regime. He makes new policy with the aim to tightening
travel rules and theme funds which is directed toward the Cuban military. President of Cuba Raul
Castro need to meet in respect to negotiates with U.S. As per accordance to the white house
officials. This lead to include free election, political prisoners and directly pay to the worker of
Cuba. Along with this Trump is also decided to leave the U.S. Embassy in Havana and it will not
bring it to back. Further it can be stated that new restriction lead to impact Americans as because
Trump is prohibiting educational trip for an individual to Cuba ( Wang., 2017). However, it
enables the people to people trip American travelers. They can visit for educational trip in group
but not individually. The historic effort put by Obama in order to provide permission to
25

American so that they can travel Cuba was strictly prohibited by Trump. But there are 20
category of travel which is still permitted to travel but invidual travel is the highest risk such as
potential abuse as per accordance to the official. The commercial flight which is resumed is now
continue between U.S. And cuba. Along with this white house is still noted that American have
permission to bring Cuban cigar back from their trip. But travelers can see stepped enforcement
at the time when they travel then they need to follow schedule and keep detailed logs while in
Cuba as because it is checked. In addition to this, Trump also prohibited financial transaction
with the Cuba military can also lead to impact both country. He also state that new business will
also lead to permit business to business engagement ( Mindock, 2017). But they ensure that
profit not benefit the Cuban military. There are two measure aim of the Trump in respect to make
changes in Cuba policy that is to reduce the flow of U.S dollars to the Cuban state. Further due to
changes in policy lead to reduce the number of visitors and there are many visitors who went on
trips who are still allowed under the new rules. There are many of the people who are travelling
with groups and they are also impacted by the new regulation. However, changes in policy
adversely affect American people and Cuba government.
Theme 10: New Cuba restrictions: 'We will not be silenced in the face of communist
oppression'
Interpretation and analysis: Donald Trump president of U.S. Anouced that he is implementing
some new policy so that it can help the people of Cuba. Along with this he also stated that deal
which is made by Obama with Cuban government is terrible he will not be silenced in the face of
communist oppression. He ensure and pledge that he will help people of Cuba rather ten Cuban
government. Further he characterised Castro as a “Brutual regime and said they he do not
provide any benefit to Cuban people. He also described that its one of the major security threat is
Cuba because he thinks that they shipped weapon. One of the reason behind reversing the Obama
policy is to provide some benefits to Cuban people instead of Cuban government. Therefore, he
implemented all the new policy so that it can help Cuban people.
26

Chapter 5: Recommendation and conclusion
Conclusion
From the above discussion it is concluded that under Cuban revolution everything got
changed whereas policemen, Batista's soldiers as well as agents were executed and tried. At La
Cabana Fortress, Che Guevara was appointed as supreme prosecutor because of his help at the
time of Cuban revolution. Similarly, Castro was appointed as commander-in-chief but later on
became prime minister because Cardona resigned from his post. On the other hand, Manuel
Urrutia Lieo became the president and likewise new government was valued and accepted.
Further, it is essential to highlight the relationship between cuba and united states today. Their
relationship is basically based upon agreements of trade and based upon military, politics and
economics. Thus, the basis of such relationships has ended their friendly relations among them.
However, after the end of Spanish American war, treaty of reciprocity was passed by united
states government in regard to develop relations among Cuba. On the other hand these relations
again got diminished when Cubans were acknowledged about the fact that American sugars
started reselling Cuban sugars in order to enhance more profit. Similarly, tensions were again
enhanced when US government limited the export of Cuban sugars. Such changes profound
negative impact over the 50 years of relationship between united states and Cuba.
United states were involved into Cuban politics after Spanish American war ended.
United states supported Cuban people when Machado was a president of Cuba. Later on when
the presidency was taken over by San Martin US government enhanced his concentration
towards rules and policies that was emerged by San Martin. Various agreements regarding sales
of arms were signed by Cuba and United States, including military assistance program. Under
such programs financial assistance, arms such as tanks, fighter jets and many other vehicles as
well as military training to Cuban soldiers were provided by United States. However, such
assistance was provided to Cuba for the purpose of supporting Americans during their Cold War.
Thus, we can say that relationship among Cuba and united states caused a big failure even after
providing effective assistance including- military training, politics, financial assistance etc.
Further it is concluded that in December 2014 Obama give order for restoring full diplomatic
relation with Cuba which lead to provide many opportunities to business for expansion. But new
president Trump has inserted new policy which lead to create uncertainty about the future of
U.S. and Cuba relation. Policy which is launched by Obama is up for grabs and it is key factors.
27

Further due to changes which are made by the Trump with regarding travel to Cuba lead is
adversely impacted hotel brands which directly compete with business empire of Trump It makes
difficult to expand their foothold in Cuba. Policy which are changed by trump related to tourism
also includes financial transaction incidental to travel. People who travel to Cuba cannot stay in
hotel which are connected with Cuban military as per the new policy of Trump. However Trump
is interested in opening a hotel in Cuba but the company of Trump take pledge that they will not
pursue any foreign deals at the time when he was on the White house. They are putting off all the
possible entry into the Cuban market. The main reason of the implementing the new policy is
that to push Cuban government to expand the development and availability of more lodging,
entertainment option and transportations for U.S traveler by giving permission to the Cuban
private sector to expand their business. One of the main objective of Trump is to support the
people of Cuba through driving US visitors to small business so that they can become free from
government. Due to this reason direct transaction is not allowed with the business which is
owned and operated by military monopoly. Through the use of private loading such as AirBnB
people can travel to Cuba from America with the support of Cuban people.
Donald Trump at the time of checking the U.S. Policy on Cuba where it restricts individual to
travel and do business with Cuban companies. There is shift in U.S. Policy lead to bring
uncertainties for the foreign investment. However, the opportunity is presented for the for
American business. Change in policy lead to create risk for the foreign investors. The moves of
Trump on Cuba is dysfunctional and it leads to make all the things worse. As because it stated
that new policy has nothing to do with Cuban business situation.
Recommendation
It is recommended that there are different ways through which U.S. And Cuba relation
can be improved. Trump can make good relation with Cuba through making proper deal with
them. There are several restriction which on travel to Cuba by U.S. Which need to remove so
that people can easily travel. There are few restriction which are affecting importing and
exporting of goods between the U.S. And Cuba can also lifted. Further Cuba should officially
remove from the terrorism list by U.S. This help Cuba creating good reputation and attract more
tourist. Apart from this Cuban government can open a bank account in the U.S. So that it can use
for conducting non cash business transaction which is they are unable to do at the beginning of
embargo. Problems and misunderstanding which is created between U.S. And CUBA
28

government can be settled with meeting. Further, it is stated that one of the biggest change is
made by Obama that is permission of travelling to American people to Cuba which assist in
creating strong relation between both of the nation. Therefore, it is recommend that Trump
should not restrict travelling from to Cuba. Further traveler should permitted to use credit card so
that they can easily make transaction on another country with their own currency. One of the
effective way through which relation between both the nation can become stronger that is
increasing of tourism. This also help in development and growth of economy of both the nation.
Providing opportunities to expand business in Cuba is also one of the best method which can
improve the relations. Hence, through following the legal process strictly it reduces the chances
of uncertainties and conflict which can occur between Cuba and U.S. Cuba is one of the best
importer of food and exemption in the trade emargo permit some U.S. To export their food.
Creating a good relation lead to provide opportunities to people so that they can become
employed. Through resolving the misunderstand and dispute it make easy for both the nation
increasing tourism. Increase in tourisms is one of the sign of improving the relationship between
both the country. However, Government of Cuba need to permit more trade and connection
citizens and business of both countries. For instance, Ex owenrable president permitted to export
goods to Cuba to the private entrepreneur but the government of Cuba does not permitted
entrepreneur to import the goods. Through negotiations it become easy to agreed both the sides
for exporting and importing the goods and services. Further it is recommended that through
permitting travelling it leads to empower citizen of Cuba to fight with democratic change. This
also lead to expanding of the educational exchanges.
29

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