Tourism and Hospitality Management

This assignment requires students to delve into the interconnected world of tourism and hospitality management. It tasks them with analyzing the profound impact tourism exerts on various aspects of the hospitality industry. Students must critically examine relevant case studies to illustrate these dynamics and propose effective strategies for ensuring sustainable growth and development within the tourism and hospitality sector.

Tourist Destination
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Main tourist destinations and generators of the world in terms of number of visitors and
income generation........................................................................................................................3
1.2 Statistic to determine tourism destination trends and predict future trends...........................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Compare the appeal of current leading tourist destinations with that of currently
developing tourist destinations ...................................................................................................6
3.2 Evaluate the characteristics of a tourist destination which affect its appeal..........................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Analyse issues that affect the popularity of tourist destinations............................................9
4.2 Discuss the potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community at worldwide
tourist destinations.....................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13
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INTRODUCTION
Travellers often visits the destinations that feature inherent earthy and ethnic belief and
feeling that offer the luxurious and leisure time to travellers so that may have pleasantly
experience regarding the destination (Cohen, 2014). Tourist destination assist in creating and
heighten the revenue or net income for the region or country that contribute in growing the
economy. Therefore, they can expend the generated financial gain in conserving the inheritance
and heritage of tourist destination. Therefore, in the contemporary scenario destination
management is consider as process that provide broad knowledge and message regarding the
different tourist attraction and locations among the destination (Lee, Lee and Lee, 2014). TUI
Group is the world’s number one tourism business. TUI Group broad portfolio consist of tour
operators, 1,800 travel agencies and leading online portals, six airlines more than 130 aircraft, 13
cruise liners and countless incoming agencies in all leading vacation destinations across the
globe.
Presently, the report mainly focuses on understanding and analysing the key tourist
destinations within the world that are mainly preferred by the visitors during the holidays and
vacations. Further, the analysed data will be assessed to determine the tourist destination trends
and predict the future trends. Moreover, it will also focus on providing the insight knowledge
regarding the cultural, social and physical features of the tourist destination. In addition to this,
it will also measure that how characteristic and feature of tourist destinations affect their appeal
to tourist. Lastly, the report will also measure the key issues that mainly impact the popularity of
tourist destination.
TASK 1
1.1 Main tourist destinations and generators of the world in terms of number of visitors and
income generation
In the present scenario, visitors or travellers mainly prefer to visits and travel to the
different destinations and countries for having leisure and pleasant stay (Connell and Page
2010). The leading tourist destination across the globe are UK, Europe, Dubai, India and
Thailand, there are several aspects that researcher has to focus on and carry out appropriately.
Following are the destinations explained
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United Kingdom (UK)
UK is one of the leading destination that mainly features rich heritage and cultural aspect
that mainly attract the travellers towards the place (George and Mawby, 2015) . It has been
expected that 30 million travellers in each year visits the UK and most of them prefer to visits
London. It has been assessed that mostly preferably London destination is visited by
international visitors. According to the research conducted in 2012 around 15.5 million
international travellers has visited the London and generate revenue for the economy (Cooper
and Wahab, 2015). On the other hand, in the year 2013 it outcome in increasing the number of
visitors from 15 to 16.8 million customers. In addition to this, for the year 2012 the generated
revenue is £15.7 billion. Furthermore, destinations provide assorted entertain collection for the
tourist they are the one those who spends high money and there are economical class services of
VFF (Visiting friends and family) for low-cost trip.
Europe
Another leading tourist destination in the world is Europe that is mainly preferred by the
international visitors. The number of visitors in Europe is increasing day by day with the positive
development as in the year 2012 the number of visitors increases by 4.3% (Tourism statistics,
2016). it has been also assessed that per year European countries welcome around 480 million
travellers and visitors within their countries that results in generating the income within
economy.
Thailand
One of the major travel destination across the globe is Thailand that offer combination of
offerings to the visitors and travellers (Chen, Shang and Li, 2014). As per the research in the year
2013, it was computed that tourism straightly lend 9% income to the overall GDP of Thailand.
The tourism authority within Thailand boost or enhance the image as destination in the different
region through using motto that is “Amazing Thailand”. The leading destination consist of
tropical wet and dry climate as well as tropic monsoon climate that mainly attracts visitors for
having leisure and relaxing time (Cracolici and Nijkamp, 2009). It has been assessed that in the
year 2013, Thailand was among the top 10 tourist destination across the globe with attracting
around 26.5 million number of visitors towards their place.
Dubai
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Another leading tourist destination across the globe is Dubai that is primarily famous for
the ultramodern architecture, nightlife, luxury shopping, desert safari etc. thus, tourist destination
that is quite famed for providing the leisure and luxuriant services to travellers in Dubai, United
Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) According to the report it was estimated that around 10 million visitors
visits Dubai in the year 2012 that increases 9.3% as compare to the past years (10 Million Dubai
Visitors in 2012 a record, 2016). Thus, in the year 2012 Dubai ranked at the 7th position in terms
of attracting number of visitors. On the other hand, the entire generated income for the year 2012
was around 30.431 billion dirham.
India
In the present scenario, India is also among the destination that is mainly preferred by the
international visitors and tourist that generate the overall economy of the India. Indian economy
depicts range of cultural and heritage aspects that mainly attract the visitors towards the such
places. For instance, Taj mahal in Agra, Meenakshi Amman Temple at Madhurai, Elephanta
Caves near Mumbai that is marked as world heritage site from the UNESCO. It has been
measured that in the year 2012 the number of Foreign Tourist Arrivals in India was around 6.5
million. On the other hand, for the year 2013 the number of visitors increases up to 6.9 million.
1.2 Statistic to determine tourism destination trends and predict future trends
From the above measured statistical data of leading international tourist destination it has
been determine that all the destination must focus on the predicted future trends so that in future
they can increase the number of visitors along with their image (Ferreira Custódio, 2014).
The predicted future trend include that with the emerging inbound destination within the
United Kingdom it will results in enhancing the touristry in the region. For instance, with the
inbound tourism small areas within the UK and London get enhance and it will results in
providing diversified travel and other services to the visitors (Pickering, Castley and Burtt,
2010). From the above data the number visitors in UK is increasing year by years thus, the
inbound destination within the London is Birmingham that mainly attract the customers towards
the cultural and ethnic aspect within the areas.
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With the help of above statistical data it has been forecast that in the year 2011 the
number of inbound visitors and tourist was around 30.8m that is increasing year by year as with
the change in income of customers and travellers. It was also forecast that in the year 2016 the
figure will go up that is 36.7 million visitors that is increase upto 3.8% as compare to the year
2015 (2016 Inbound tourism forecast, 2016). the future trend that is increase in the eco-tourism,
responsible tourism etc has results in increasing the tourism sector within the UK.
On the other hand, for Dubai (U.A.E) the predicted future trend ensure inbound tourism
as the Dubai feature different region and countries that provide range of leisure and luxurious
services for visitors. For example, Abu dhabi, sharjah are the luxurious and attractive destination
within the Dubai that need to be promoted in the future for generating the income for economy
(Prayag and Ryan, 2011). The future trends within the Dubai must also ensure special package
for Dubai desert safari and Arabian Night safari's for attracting the customers and visitors. Thus,
inbound tourism in the future will assists in enhancing the image of destination that is Dubai
across the globe.
Moreover, from the above statistical data of India is has been determined that from 2012
there is increase in the number of international visitors that shows that as tourist destination India
is attracting more and more visitors and travellers towards the destination (Tutenges, 2012).
From the above data is has been predicted that for the targeting and attracting the Visitors the
future trend in the tourism is focusing on the cultural and heritage property as most of the visitors
are keen interested in knowing the history and culture of the destination, for this aspect
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Government of India must renovate or regenerate the cultural aspect so that in future they would
attract the visitors.
TASK 2
2.1 Analyse the social, cultural and physical features of tourist destination explaining their
appeal to tourist
Working as product development manager at TUI groups they need to seek business
opportunities across the globe through measuring the cultural, social and physical aspect of the
two different tourism destination that basically results in appealing to the tourists for preferring
the destination to have leisure and luxurious stay (Komppula, 2014).
UK
Characteristics
Social The social aspect within the UK as tourist destination include respective
social groups that mainly possess the various needs and the requirement
of international and national visitors, local and national government
policies etc. The effectual social factors within the destination will
outcome in attracting the large customers (Kontogeorgopoulos, Churyen
and Duangsaeng, 2015). UK government policies mainly aims to crate
sustainability through preserving and conserving the natural resources.
Cultural UK destination mainly focuses on the immense cultural and heritage
origin like ancient structure, museums, memorial etc. for instance,
cultural aspect of UK mainly consists of areas such as The Buckingham
palace, Windsor castle etc that appeal the visitant to visits the cultural
and heritage place. The visual aspect and the construction of museums
drive in the large figure of travelers towards the leading destinations
(Lamers, Nthiga and van Wijk, 2014). Thus, it outcome in enhancing and
increasing the popularity of heritage location and areas among the
international and national visitors.
Physical The destination also features the English channel that surrounds the
country. The broad physical feature also include beaches, mountains and
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hills etc that is essential for attracting the customers (Lee, Lee and Lee,
2014). The physical appealing in the UK is ten tallest mountains are
found in Scotland.
SPAIN
Characteristics
Social The social environment within the Spain is that cost of living is very
expensive in the destination. The destination is mainly famous for the
sport activities such as football, basketball, water sport etc. the education
level within Spain is affordable for the individual (George and Mawby,
2015).
Cultural The cultural environment of Spain mainly include preferences in food,
lifestyles, sports, cultural museums etc. the destination is famous for their
wide range of food flavours that is Mediterranean cuisine, Tortilla de
Patata etc. furthermore, the cultural environment also include that Spain
have large number of pubs that attract the visitors towards visiting the
place.
Physical The physical environment of Spain is that it is situated near the coastline
in the area of 4964 kms (Chen, Shang and Li, 2014). In addition to this
Spain also features the mountains, beaches, natural places that keep
attract the visitors towards the destination. It is surrounded by the coastal
region from the southern and eastern part and surrounded by mountains
from the northern sections.
2.2 Compare feature of developing and leading tourist destinations
Spain is renown for its ethnic and festive image and is the major visited nation in the
worldwide. There are several foreign tourist who loves to visit the country for its electrifying
nature and environment. Other than this, football is the heartbeat of people in Spain as they live
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out when their team is on the fields (Pickering, Castley and Burtt, 2010). Spain is the developing
tourist destination as the visitors are now going to the places that supports the sport tourism. On
the other hand, UK is the leading destination that possess high cost of living and it features
different areas and location that appeal customers ans visitors towards their places. Therefore,
there is difference among the features of developing and leading destination that is-
 The key difference among both the destination is that leading destination UK possess
high standard of living that is it is an expensive place for the visitors (Ransley and
Ingram, 2012). On the other hand, as compare to UK the developing destination Spain is
less expensive.
 The leading destination UK is highly developed in terms of infrastructure and attractive
places, museums, memorial that attract the customers. On the other hand, Spain the
developing destination is quite famous for the Sport as well as flora and fauna.
 Moreover, the UK possess effectual and high quality health care systems funded by NHS
that results in attracting the tourism (Tutenges, 2012). On the other hand, Spain have poor
health care system that is consider as the key drawback to appeal the tourists towards the
destination.
TASK 3
3.1 Compare the appeal of current leading tourist destinations with that of currently developing
tourist destinations
There will be two destinations which will compare with each other which will helped in
the marketing activity. In that one will be leading tourist destination that is France and other one
will be currently developing tourist destination that is Egypt. The comparison of these two
destinations are as given below:
Characteristics France Egypt
1. Climate The climate of France is generally
cold in winter and mild in summer.
France has an amiable climate with
long hot summers and cools. So it is
the the favourable climate for
Climate plays an important role in
influencing the tourists. Whereas,
Egypt has the hot desert climate
which is generally remain dry in
most of the country. But it receives
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France and tourists are likely to
visit this place.
more rainfall in winter. Due to the
hot climate, tourists visit less to
these types of places (Agarwal,
2012).
2. Infrastructure France enjoys one of the most
highly developed transportation and
infrastructure in the world.
Moreover, France has the densest
road network and also an extensive
railways and waterways network
(Ransley and Ingram, 2012). The
country is fully developed and
making them as the leading tourist
destination by providing fast
internet connection to their visitors
(Biqing and et.al., 2011).
The most of the roads are in poor
condition through which tourists
tries to avoid to visit the chosen
place (Lim, 2010).
Telecommunication in Egypt are of
thoroughly modern through which
some of the visitors gets attracted
to the place. The infrastructure of
Egypt is underdeveloped and is in
process to developed.
3. Travel and
Shopping
France is regarded as the
fashionable tourist destination
where shopping is the utmost
priority. French shops are low in the
prices as compared to the other
Europe destination. The shopping
times of France is from 9 am to 7
pm which restricts tourists to shop
after 7 pm. So this may bring
inconvenience to the shoppers. But
the France is gradually removing
many old trading restrictions and
opening their shops round the clock
Here, people gets attracted towards
the souks, its local markets and the
larger bazaars. It is one of the
famous tourists markets in the
world. Tourist mainly gets attracted
to this markets due to its tax free
zone. The market of the Egypt
open at early morning hours and
gets closed at late night through
which many tourists gets attracted
because of the amazing shopping
experience (Gill and Williams,
2011). Where the prices of the
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that is 24 hours in a day. antique products are also low.
3.2 Evaluate the characteristics of a tourist destination which affect its appeal
Burma is chosen as the tourist destination which assists in affects its appeal and attracting
large number of tourists to the chosen place. Burma has been known as by its other name and it
is Myanmar. The culture of Myanmar has been extensively influenced by Buddhism and Mon
people (Lin and Juan, 2010). British colonial and westernisation have influenced the culture,
language and education of the Burmese people. The country is comprises of various
characteristics which attracts large number of tourists and they are its arts, literature, folk dance
of Burma with its unique qualities, music etc. In addition to this, the customs of Burma is also
influencing tourists to visit this place. Moreover, the dress of the Burmese people and its speech
are well oriented which affects its appeal in the better way. The manners among the Burmese
people by which their talks to other people attracts many people to visit the places and to know
more about its Burmese culture. The main attractions of Burma is of their cuisine which attracts
many food lovers to the place (Bharwani and Butt, 2012). Furthermore, Burmese cuisine has
been influenced by the Indian, Chinese and Thai cuisines as well as also caters the domestic
ethnic cuisines. Burmese characterized their food by mildly spiced taste but with the use of
spices.
A typical Burmese meal constitutes of various meat curries, soup, steamed rice and
fermented sauce of preserved fish along with vegetables with dipping. In addition to this, rice is
the staple food for the Burmese people which they used in every meal and most of the times
prefer rice in their meals with fish soup (Brey, 2010). The food and culture is the main point of
the place which attracts many tourists as well as affect its appeal. The other attractions includes
food customs at ceremonial occasions in which feasting and sharing food are the one of the
important feature of traditional agriculture and religious sites. However, there are some social
problems and control in the Burma which can affect its appeal in the mindsets of the customers.
On the contradictory, there are some holy places and monuments which are attracting the cultural
lover tourists to Burma. Here, in Burma, women are given high status in the traditional society
which is regarded very few in the world and its is affecting its appeal in the positive way. The
major part of the religion practised by the Burmese people is Buddhism and the country is better
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known as the Buddhist country (Keller, Parameswaran and Jacob, 2011). The characteristics
which attracts many of the people to see the Burmese culture is its religious sites. The country is
known as the land of Pagodas in which it is dominated by the Buddhist pagodas and stupas. The
traditional festivals and sports are also one of the major attractions which attracts tourists to
Burma.
TASK 4
4.1 Analyse issues that affect the popularity of tourist destinations
There are various issues which are affecting the popularity of tourist destination and reducing the
tourists from visiting the place. The different issues are follows:
 Climate: It is an important factor which plays a crucial role to attract large number of
tourists. This is because it should be preferable to the tourists so that they can enjoy the
long vacation. As per the view of TUI, the global warming and dry weather is affecting
the popularity of the destination so the climate should be favourable according to their
visitors (Maskus, Neumann and Seidel, 2012).
 Natural disasters: It is also one of the vital aspects which is natural but will affect the
popularity of the tourist destination (Travel and Tourism impact, 2015). For example,
Japan is the destination where volcanoes erupt any times or the earthquakes which affects
the tourists to visit less to the country because the attractions doesn't play the key role in
attracting the tourists.
 Political aspects: The strict rules and regulations of the particular country will also affect
the appeal of the place. In this, the visa processing like facilities can't go smooth and
takes time (Noone, McGuire and Rohlfs, 2011). Whereas, people thinks to avoid this type
of disadvantages in their travelling. The regulatory framework of TUI of any type which
affects the aspects tourism , visitors try to avoid it.
 Terrorism: This is also one of the aspect which is reducing the tourists to visit the
particular country because they can attack any time. People doesn't want to harm their life
so they try to avoid this of places. Terrorism always focuses to inspire the kind of fear
which will influence the people to change their attitudes.
 Demand and supply: By conducting the research, it shows that people ask their close
ones and friends for the destination. Through this, the demand of the destination will can
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go high if they are suggested by their inner circle (Ransley and Ingram, 2012). If not
suggested then demand can go low. This is a challenge for the tourism destinations
because there various people with different mindsets and
4.2 Discuss the potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community at worldwide
tourist destinations
The potential for responsible tourism to increase the host community at globally tourists
destinations where TUI groups are as given below: Europe: The culture of Europe includes art, architecture, music, literature and its
common cultural heritage. It has diverse cuisines from its western countries in which they
distinguish from other countries cuisines (Komppula, 2014). The major attractions of
Europe involves Eiffel Tower, Colosseum. The Louvre, Acropolis of Athens,
Buckingham Palace, Stonehenge, Leaning Tower of Pisa etc. Turkey: It is one of the top rated tourist destination which attracts many tourists to visit
the place. It is also one of the top destination in terms of cuisines, shopping and for
travelling (Pickering, Castley and Burtt, 2010). The main tourist destination of Turkey
are Istanbul, Antalya : the major sea resort, lively beaches, historic cities with monuments
and religious sites etc. The main attractions of Turkey is Ancient Roman city's
monumental ruins such as Ephesus and Alanya castle etc. Cuba: It is the place where tourists visit for their leisure time and spends some calm and
relaxation time with family or friends. This place comprises of history and beauty as well
as with superb diving and fishing. The main destinations of Cuba includes Havana, salsa
music, beaches, waterfalls, museums, water resorts etc. Santiago de Cuba is main
attractions which is the colonial architecture of Cuba. Mexico: It is one of the world's famous vacation destinations where foreigners come to
spend their leisure time. The main attractions of Mexico are its natural reserves, beaches,
sea food, its parks, markets and its ethnic culture (Nadiri and Tanova, 2010). Some of the
major destinations of Mexico comprises of Costa Maya, Mexico city, Tijuana, Veracruz,
Tampico etc. Dominican Republic: It is the undisputed most popular tourist destination in the
Caribbean (Kontogeorgopoulos, Churyen and Duangsaeng, 2015). The main attractions
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of Dominican Republic comprises of islands, resorts, beaches, colonial history, nightlife,
surfing, eco tourism, culture, lagoons etc. The destinations are Constanza, San Francisco
de Macoris, Punta Cana, Samana etc. Jamaica: It has the jam packed with diverse attractions which enjoys a repute as a
Caribbean hotspot. This place is all about its serene beaches, islands and resort,
waterfalls, safaris, nightlife, museums etc. The tourists love to visit this place which has
the diverse culture with environment beauty (Neck and Manz, 2010). It main destinations
includes includes Montego Bay, Kingston, Falmouth, Duncans, Portmore, Christina
Churches etc. Costa Rica: This place is not developed and in recent it will developed to provides
various other facilities to their tourists. This place is all about museums, nightlife,
beaches, its diverse wildlife and ecotourism, safaris, parks, canyoning, biodiversity
reserve etc. The main destinations of the Costa Rica is Corcovado National Park, Samara,
Alajuela, Nicoya Peninsula etc. Egypt: it is one of the ancient tourist destination which is mostly loved by the historical
travellers. It is the home of the ancient Pharaohs and also constitutes the dazzling
destination of temples and tombs (Tutenges, 2012). The main destinations of Egypt
includes Cairo, Giza pyramid, mummies, Safaga, Fayum, Bahariya Oasis etc.
 Thailand: his is one of the modern cities which has vast culture and large number of
attractions through which it is influencing the tourists to visit the places. It has its diverse
attractions which provides a rewarding and memorable experience in its own way
(Lamers, Nthiga and van Wijk, 2014). It is popular for the palaces and temples with great
architecture for which people like to visit the temple. So the main attractions in temples
of Thailand are Pattaya, Bangkok, Surin island etc.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded that the main tourist destinations has been analysed where top five
destination has been taken such as Europe, UK, etc. in which it evaluates the numbers of visitors
and income generation for the host country. Furthermore, TUI is also seeking business
opportunities in various destination which identified its cultural, social and physical features of
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the tourist destinations. In addition to this, currently developing tourist destinations like Egypt
and Leading destination such as France has been compared to know its tourists and its
attractions. The Burma is having a positive impact on its tourists through which they are visiting
the place. In last, the issues has been discussed which can affect the popularity of tourist
destinations. Moreover, nine tourists destinations has been explained where TUI is operating.
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