Analysis of a Study Methodology of Health Behaviour

Running Head: Research analysis
Analysis of a study methodology
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Authors Note

1Analysis of a study methodology
Introduction
The essay was focused on the research paper based on effectiveness of pleasure-
oriented versus health oriented messages in a health promotion program among the adults
aged 18 years to 65 years (Vaillancourt et al., 2019). The methodology for calculating and
assessing perception and health behaviour with the reference of their BMI should be very
prompt and should have a clear objective. Diet plays a greater role in human life and health
condition of an individual (McClements, 2019). Better and healthy eating habits will help a
person to combat chronic disease and health problems. According to different report, people
of Canada consume fruits and vegetables very rare with respect to the junk foods (Leclerc et
al.,2019). They eat those items which are not even mentioned in Canada's Food Guide.
Pleasure seeking in taste is one of the main cause for the high amount of calorie contained
food consumption among the adult population of the Canada. BMI or Body Mass Index is a
factor which shows whether a person prefers better and healthy habits or pleasure oriented
food habits (Trudel-Guy et al., 2019). The objective of the essay to describe a better
methodology for comparing the perception, health behaviours, potential effect and influence
of messages among the further eating patterns among the participants. The participants
should be French-Canadian by origin and must be above 18 years.
Discussion
Brief of study
According to the study, a research was performed to compare the perceptions and
potential effect of the different type of message in two types of leaflet such as pleasure
oriented and health oriented (Vaillancourt et al., 2019). The aim was to promote healthy
eating among the adult French-Canadian population. Two types of leaflets were distributed
among the population and the perceptions were observed and evaluated to promote healthy

2Analysis of a study methodology
eating. Total 100 people including men and women, were selected as the participants in the
research (Vaillancourt et al., 2019). The participants were allocated to read one leaflet of the
two different category. The participants were given questionnaires to fill the data and visited
the Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods for participating in the research. The message
orientation of different leaflets were focused on pleasure or health promoting. Pleasure
oriented leaflets covered different dimensions such as meal sharing, cooking style, variations
and discoveries and sensory aspects of foods (Vaillancourt et al., 2019). On the other hand,
health oriented leaflet focused on general health information, managing the weight, energy
consumption and cues related to hunger or fullness. Message framing is one of most
important part in influencing the effective potentials regarding nutritional habits among
participants of research (Graham & Abrahamse, 2017).
Recommendation
The research was not synchronised as the methodology could be represented with
more clarity by categorising the different sections of the methodology. In health promotion
effect was measured in same population after certain interval of time which might impact on
the measurement of effectiveness of participants. Chances of dropouts might not be affected
but the accuracy can be decreased. Experimental comparative study might be a better option
as the researcher can relate the two groups with the references of measurements of BMI and
patterns of eating behaviours (Panão & Carraça, 2019). This can be combined with other
research method. Cross sectional comparative study is focused on the positive and negative
influence on the different subset of the research participants (Mosconi et al., 2018). The
chances of withdrawal is very less and accuracy of the research. The researchers might use
multiple variables and effectiveness van be calculated in shorter period of time. The research
paper was devoid of any hypothesis and was a type of inductive study. Deductive analysis is
helpful in statistical calculation and time-effective data interpretation (Iteogu, 2016).

3Analysis of a study methodology
However, the research was used tools for the research and instruments are applied for the
participants. The population was selected from French-Canadian race which helps in
restricting the research.
Revised methodology
The independent variable for this methodology is the nature of the leaflets. There are
two types of leaflets such as pleasure related and health oriented. The dependant variables
are perception and health behaviour of the participants. The hypotheses of this research can
be bivariate in nature. The hypotheses have been discussed as follows.
Hypothesis
Hypotheses of the research design are as follows;
Null hypothesis: Leaflets are not effective in changing the perception of the participants’
nutritional habits.
Alternative Hypothesis: Leaflets are effective in changing the perception of the participants’
nutritional habits.
Null hypothesis: Leaflets are not effective in changing the health behaviour of the
participants’ nutritional habits.
Alternative Hypothesis: Leaflets are effective in changing the health behaviour of the
participants’ nutritional habits.
Research Design
The research has deductive approach as two hypotheses are described in the research. The
study focuses on the comparative analysis of the outcome after distributing the leaflets in the
target population. The comparative analysis will help to distinguish the results of different
leaflets on both the perceptions and the health behaviours related to the nutritional habits

4Analysis of a study methodology
among the target population (McDonald, Farnworth & Clements, 2018). As per the aim or
objective of the study, cross-sectional comparative studies will be conducted for analysing the
influence of leaflets on the population with respect to their perception and nutritional
behaviours. Cross sectional study will help in analysing the influence of the perception from
one time experiment (Firmino et al., 2018). Two groups will be segregate on the basis of the
distribution of leaflets. Experimental group was selected from those people who got health-
oriented leaflets and the participants who got pleasure –oriented leaflet are selected for control
group.
Population and Sampling
Population for the experiment can be selected by lists provided by Institute of Nutrition
and Functional Foods and the institutional listserv of Laval University's staff and students.
Participants should be aged between 18-65 years and they must belong to French-Canadian
population. Participants should be invited through mails to join the experiment. Every
participant should be physically fit and should not take any kind of medications. Pregnant
woman and people with special medical condition should not be included in the experiment.
People who follow special kind of diet chart or nutritional habits are excluded from this
experiment. Therefore, people who followed normal diet are included in the experiment, so
that a prominent result can be found from the study. The participants should be randomly
allocated into two groups. The control group was provided with the pleasure-oriented leaflets
and the experimental group would be provided with health oriented leaflets. The study should
be performed in two stages for checking two types of influence on the population and
difference between them. At first, participants must fill up a survey questionnaire to inform
the researcher about the details of socio-demographic, foods and eating patterns, perception
and health related concepts of the participants. Experimental group should not see the pleasure

5Analysis of a study methodology
oriented leaflets and the other group should not check health oriented leaflet. The BMI of the
participants were evaluated for assessing the influence of leaflets on health behaviour.
Research tools
A questionnaire should be used for evaluated the socio demographic and perceptions of
the participants. 7 point-likert scale should be used for the eating habits and preferences
among the participants (Chyung et al., 2017). Applicants were requested the following 5 items
on a 7-point Likert scale extending from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”: To
acknowledge the persuasiveness of message 7 semantic differential scale was used to find
specific judgements of message attributes. Self-Assessment Manikin method was used to
analyse the induced emotions of the participants after receiving the leaflets (Bynion &
Feldner, 2017). The method is consisted with a pictorial 9-point scale in between “totally
calm” and “extremely aroused.”
Eating habit questionnaire can be used for checking the eating habits of each participants
on a daily basis (Pala, Reisch & Lissner, 2019). To measure the body weight and height of the
participants, stadiometer can be used and weight measuring machines are used for measuring
the weight of the body (Baharudin et al., 2017). BMI calculator is used for calculating the
BMI of a participants (Cardoso, 2018).
Data collection procedure
At first the leaflets are distributed among the participants as per experimental and
control group. The leaflets were distributed among the participants as per their allocations.
After that the participants were asked to fill the questionnaires with proper details. Along
with the questionnaire filling they were asked to complete the surveys using 7 point-likert
scale and 7 semantic differential scale to understand their perceptions. Then Self-Assessment

6Analysis of a study methodology
Manikin method was applied to measure the influence of leaflets on health behaviour. All the
information were collected for further data analysis.
After 1 week of that survey, the participants were evaluated in a regular interval of 15
days. The height and weight of participants were recorded in the evaluation process. The
procedure was continued for 3 months. After 3 months, all the data were collected for further
statistical analysis of the experiments. The BMI calculator was used to measure participants’
Body Mass Index with accuracy. Each phase of the evaluation method has different data and
measurements, so that the statistical data were collected for more accurate data analysis.
Data analysis procedure
In first phase of the experiment, surveys were taken place for analysing the perception
of the participants. The reactions or the answers were measured to complete t-test. The
reactions were observed to calculate the effectiveness with one way ANOVA with SPSS
software (Zhang, Du & Zhao, 2018). The eating behaviours and BMI were measured for
evaluate the effect of different types of leaflets on the population. The answers in Eating habit
questionnaires and BMI of each participants were recorded within the interval of days. Data
of each phase of evaluation was recorded and t- test was performed. One way ANOVA was
performed to find the comparison among the two groups (Kim,2017). The result depicts t-stat
and p value, which will be compared in statistical analysis. If the p value will be less than
0.005, no significant difference can be found. On the contrary, if the p value will be
calculated more than 0.005, there will be significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion
The effectiveness of pleasure-oriented versus health oriented messages in a health
promotion program among the adults aged 18 years to 65 years was evaluated in the
research. The objective of the essay to describe a better methodology for comparing the

7Analysis of a study methodology
perception, health behaviours, potential effect and influence of messages among the further
eating patterns among the participants. Two types of leaflets were distributed among the
population and the perceptions were observed and evaluated to promote healthy eating. The
independent variable for this methodology is the nature of the leaflets. There are two types
of leaflets such as pleasure related and health oriented. As per the recommendation, cross
sectional study will help in analysing the influence of the perception from one time
experiment. Along with the previous study, comparative analysis will help to distinguish the
results of different leaflets on both the perceptions and the health behaviours related to the
nutritional habits among the target population. 7 semantic differential scale, 7 point-likert
scale and Self-Assessment Manikin method was applied to measure the influence of leaflets
on health behaviours of the participants. . One way ANOVA was performed to find the
comparison among the two groups. The methodology might be effective for better
comparative analysis.

8Analysis of a study methodology
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