Assignment On Analysis Of Research Paper

Running head: ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH PAPER
ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH PAPER
Name of the Student
Name of the university
Author note

1ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH PAPER
A whale optimization algorithm-trained artificial neural network for smart grid cyber
intrusion detection
Research Problem
As per the study Haghnegahdar and Wang (2019) smart grid can be considered as an
emerging as well as evolving next-generation power system. Smart grid falls under the
purview of cyber infrastructure and thus this system needs to detect and deal with the cyber
attacks in time so that loss can be prevented. It is a complex system and is a combination of
different computation technologies, advanced communications as well as recognition in the
current stage of power systems. High-quality and error-free data is required by the system.
The problem is that smart grids are critical infrastructures and thus subjected to various risks
of misoperations.
Proposed solution
The authors have proposed a new model that can detect intrusion and this particular
model can also classify binary-class, multi-class as well as triple-class cyber attacks along
with the power-system incidents as well. The model relies on whale optimization algorithm
(WOA)-trained artificial neural network (ANN). The proposed model is expected to address
the various challenges related to cyber attacks. The ANN is one of the classification tools and
this is inspired by activities related to biological neurons in the human brain (Haghnegahdar
& Wang, 2019). It is different from the other classification methods as relationships in this
are generated dynamically from the training inputs contrary to which the traditional methods
rely on predefined relations.
WOA is nature-inspired population-based novel stochastic optimization technique and
it has not been many days that this has been developed. This makes use of a set of search
agents thus providing a solution that best suits the optimization problem. This technique
imitates behavior of the humpback whales like in situation they hunt through the bubble net

2ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH PAPER
hunting. The mechanism used by the humpback whales is to circle around the prey and hunt
on them.
In order to train the ANN for classifying the various attacks from the normal events in
case of the power system, WOA algorithm is applied. In this proposed framework, each of
the search agents is initialized for the purpose of optimizing a candidate neural network
(Haghnegahdar & Wang, 2019). The WOA-ANN framework has the ability to avoid the local
optima thus increasing the possibility to find out not only the optimal weights but also the
biases of multi-layer perception or MLP.
Picture 1: General structure of MLP network
Result
In the paper, number of the search agents was set to a value of 50 with maximum
number of the iterations being set to a value of 100. These can be considered as typical
parameters for WOA and are found to be performing well in most of the applications. The
types of problem scenarios that were considered in this case are binary, triple class and multi-
class. After the preprocess as well as the feature selection, 76, 92 and 92 features were picked
up from the 128 features of binary, triple and the multi class problems (Haghnegahdar &