Operation Management in Electric Systems

This assignment delves into the crucial topic of operation management within electric systems. It examines various operational strategies employed to optimize energy usage, enhance system reliability, and address challenges posed by modern electricity grids. Topics covered include microgrid operation and management, battery-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage, and distribution network fault judgment schemes. The assignment utilizes relevant research papers and provides a comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved in managing electric systems effectively.

OPERATIONAL
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Main body........................................................................................................................................2
Analysis of operations strategies and management....................................................................3
Process that hinder and foster towards operations objectives.....................................................4
Recommendations............................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Operations management is crucial for every firm that it helps to produce quality and
effective products and services in order to increase profitability and production. Tesco plc,
trading as Tesco, is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer with
headquarters in Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, England, United Kingdom. The Tesco
brand first appeared in 1924. The name came about after Jack Cohen bought a shipment of tea
from Thomas Edward Stockwell. He made new labels using the initial of the supplier name
(TES), and the first two letter of his surname (CO), forming the word TESCO. The CEO of firm
is Dave Lewis and there are also some subsidiaries such as Tesco mobile, Bank and Booker
group etc. Tesco business is currently in top ten retail grocery markets in UK that the firm is 3rd
largest retailer business in world as per the profitability measurements and 9th as per the revenues
effectively. There are a total number of 6,553 stores in and across UK as per 2017 data and
4,76,000+ employees. The net income is 54 million. The firm provides supermarket products and
services such as food supplementaries and other luxury items in retail sector effectively.
Clothing, groceries and electrical items are also provided by firm to their customers in and across
UK. The business is providing quality and effective products and services to their customers in
order to maximise their revenues and sales. Customers are also happy with the services and now
the business wants to improve their operations in order to improve and develop quality and
effectiveness of products in the market. In this report, the main objectives and goals of
operations in context to Tesco will be discussed and all the operations activities will be
explained. Theories, models and approaches will be discussed in this report in order to enhance
operational activities effectiveness to achieve objectives and goals. The different types of process
and their ability to meet the range of operation objective is explained in
this report material. In order to meet customer requirements and needs, various approaches and
changes made by Tesco will be discussed in this report. Feasibility of changes, their
implementation and cost benefit techniques will be analysed in order to meet customer demands
and operations objectives will be covered in this report. Finally, the report will cover conclusion
and recommendations in that will help organisation to achieve more customer satisfaction and
loyalty by delivering quality products and services in the market.
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Main body
It can be said that customers are the main sources for organisations in order to increase
sales and profitability. Every business and its operational activities are mainly focused on
improving quality of products and services in order to satisfy needs and requirements of
consumers in the market effectively. Customer are also dividing in two parts such as internal and
external. Internal consumers refers to colleagues and departments within firm (Arai and Tsuruya,
Hitachi Ltd, 2017). Marketing is used to enhance flow of internal communication and services
efficiently. Operations, production, human resources, IT department, logistics and customer
services interacts with marketing activities within Tesco in order to provide better services.
Apart from this, external customers are those people who are likely to purchase products
and services from Tesco and also known as outsider consumers. Such people exchange money
for services and goods which they used as a product for them. Corporate activities affects the
stakeholders that management of stakeholders is necessary to improve operational activities
effectively and efficiently. Internal and external both customers are demanding towards quality
products and services at low prices. It can be said that operational activities and management
plays a important role in achieving business performance and objectives effectively. The curent
operation objective of Tesco business is to improve customer services which can be done by
improving quality of products and services offered by firm in the market towards consumers in
order to enhance profits. Developments, innovation and strategies will help to achieve better
planning over business various resources that will help to improve and develop business
performance (Boyle, Western Digital Technologies Inc, 2016). The retail business study research
provides information regarding UK retail and grocery markets that it is quite dynamic,
competitive and innovative for the last few years. All firms such as Asda, Sainsbury and Tesco
taking all compete on quality, price, services and range in order to drive business performances.
Such intense will help Tesco to to manage its resources to make a big steps towards changes in
performances.
Customer loyalty, products and services quality, range of various stores and concept of
expanding business into retail services are the main reason behind success of Tesco in UK
markets. Management of internal resources and monitoring for all the expenditures is a critical
aspect for firm in order to maintain the market position and effectiveness. This indicated that
Tesco operational activities and strategies played a major role to support business objectives and
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enhance performances in order to increase profitability and production. The main objective of
business is to create value for customer sin order to achieve life time customer loyalty.
Analysis of operations strategies and management
Operation strategies are crucial for the firm in order to shape long term capabilities of
operation which helps by contributing towards overall strategy effectively. Operational strategies
are also related to the stakeholder operations that customer satisfaction is a important aspect for
Tesco business. Performance objectives of business in terms of operational activities are mainly
reflect on quality, cost, dependability and flexibility (Expósito, Conejo and Canizares, 2016). In
regards to pricing strategy, the firm is checking over 10,000 prices in Morrisons, Asda and
Sainsbury to provide information to customers that how low prices are available for them every
day effectively. It will also help them to reduce the cost of extra expenses costs of resources in
order to ensure better, cheaper and simpler work. The implementation of appropriate information
technology is helping business towards effective supply chain. It will help organisation to reduce
its prices in order to gain high volume of profitability and production. It can be said that quality
is one of the main objective for firms in order to increase effectiveness of business operational
activities. Quality operations helps both organisation and customer by reducing costs and
increasing dependability.
The stores located for business operations should clean and tidy in order to prevent
harmful activities for food supplementaries and products. According to a research Tesco is now
delivering more quality and effective human resources services by increasing more staff in
distribution centres and stores. In addition to this, Club card is also launched by firm in order to
receive information that helps to understand customers needs and requirements in the market
effectively. A new system is also delivered by organisation to its staff in all UK stores which is
Hand-held computer. This will help staff by providing information of sales, stock availability
and customer operations effectively.
According to the above analysis there are five objectives of operations performance and
also interacted with each other. Tesco should ensure that it will take account of all of them in
delivering operations strategies effectively (Jabbari-Sabet, Moghaddas-Tafreshi and Mirhoseini,
2016). Such performance objectives are influenced by competitive factors that order winning and
qualifying are two factors that helps to evaluate importance of competitive factors. Customer
retention and satisfaction should be addressed by firm in order to increase sales and production
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that will help to increase competitive performances and will lead towards profitability and better
market position. Even if the operations objectives are set, the operational activities management
manager task is yet not completed that improvement and development is needed at all levels in
order to manage effectiveness of operations for long time of period (Jung, Lee and Park, 2014).
Planning, controlling and management is necessary to manage operations and their outcomes.
The process provides a approach from which the firm is able to meet its customer goals and
objectives. This will also help to improve and develop operations management effectiveness and
efficiency. The life cycle process for operations management is Direct, Design, Deliver and
Develop. Improvement in operations makes process more better also manage the developing
activities and risk management help to stop process to become worse effectively.
Process that hinder and foster towards operations objectives
It can be said that the process for developing operations objectives plays a major role in
order to achieve different operational objectives which lead towards customer satisfaction and
loyalty. The analysis above, justifies that the firm should take some initial steps regarding
operational activities in order to manage and control various operational activities that will help
to increase quality of products and services. This will also help to achieve customer satisfaction
and loyalty which lead towards expansion of business activities. It can be said that Tesco growth
has totally affected its competitor greatly specially Sainsbury's and Safe way as they are having
difficulty to keep up their customer (Kitajima, Kikuchi and Matsumotoy, 2015). This is due to
supermarket not being able to keep up with current change in which Tesco is constantly
introducing such as the contest of price and the range of product and service which they are
offering in the market towards customers effectively. This is due to numerous issues and
problems mainly due to limited profit made by Tesco's rival which have controlled them as to
what they can offer to customer which has resulted in a loss position.
The firm is committed to retain its position in the retail and grocery market in UK. From
the customers feedback forms it is analysed by Tesco management that quality, price and
services provided by them plays a major role towards achieving operational activities goals and
targets which lead towards profitability and production and also enhance the customer value
effectively. The firm is shifting its gears through making effective changes in their products and
services according to their customer requirements and demands which will be done by
innovation of new product or services while maintaining the quality and performance. Tesco
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must involve its customers, stakeholders, stuff and suppliers close to the local communities in
order to provide better services to customers in the market. Customer loyalty and satisfaction is
one of the key factors of any organisation success that the firm should try to improve its process
which will help to achieve customer requirements in all forms effectively.
The business should provide services which their customers are demanding and wants
from them. By meeting customer requirements and demands the firm is able to meet its
competitive goals and targets which lead towards business expansion and better place in market
among all rivalry firms efficiently (Ma, Li and Li, 2017). In order to do that, Tesco should earn
profits by creating value for their stakeholder and customers in the market.
Apart from all of this marketing strategies will also help to achieve better customer
satisfaction and loyalty in order to enhance profitability and production effectively. International
growth ,retailing services and grocery business should be managed effectively by the
management of Tesco in order to compete others in the market which will also help to increase
competitive advantage for firm. It can be said that every business requires strong competitive
advantage in order to survive in business and market effectively. Competitive advantage can be
gained by loyal customers and operational management techniques and management will help to
increase competitive advantage. This will also help to achieve better panning over resources
from which the firm is able to manage and control cost of various departments. In addition to
this, operational management mix is also used by firm in order to increase quality and
effectiveness of products and services offered by firm in the market towards customers.
Strategic human resource planning is important for the firm that it will help to manage
various human resources within firm according to their requirements and demands (Mendis,
Muttaqi and Perera, 2014). Human force is one of the key factor behind improvement and
development of products and services. The effectiveness of operational management activities is
also done by managing human resources. Employees in the firm should be well known of
organisational activities in order to understand the vision and mission. This will help them to
produce effective and quality products and services that will help to increase sales and
profitability effectively and efficiently. Training and development programs will also help to
increase skills and knowledge of employees regarding different process and operational activities
used by management that will help to produce effective and quality services in a specific time. In
addition to this, human workforce is crucial aspect for Tesco that customers are all depended on
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services provided by staff in stores which will help them to assist customers more easily and
effectively that will lead towards customer satisfaction and loyalty effectively. Apart from all of
this, financial activities are also important for the firm that financial and non-financial activities
reports provides information and data regarding various resources costs and effectiveness. This
will help management to make necessary changes in their operations in order to provide
strengthen to operational management that will help to produce more effective and quality
products for the consumers in the market (Sharma, Bhattacharjee and Bhattacharya, 2015).
Benchmarking: Bench marking is one of the best techniques used by businesses in order to
manage and control their performances effectively. In this method, Tesco compares its current
data and growth to the other rivalry firms data and profitability in market in order to evaluate
their market position. This will help business to make changes in operations in order to increase
effectiveness and profitability. This will also help by providing information regarding
operational management techniques used by rivalry firms that will help to measure own
performance.
Just in time: Just in time is a strategic process in which the firm provide strengthen to their
operational management activities. This will be done by reducing extra costs and expenses from
the products and services in order to increase profitability and production (Shelar, 2016). Tesco
is able to use just in time method that it will help to manage different resources under the budget
and cost which will help to increase business revenues and capital. Remaining capital and
revenues can be used by firm in operational activities in order to provide strengthen which lead
towards organisation success and profitability.
Business innovation: Business innovation is also a effective process that it helps to improve and
develop quality and effectiveness of products and services offered by firm in the market towards
customers. Tesco is selling grocery and retail products to their customers that such items can be
re-innovated that it will help to make changes according to the customer perception and
preferences. This will also help to achieve customer loyalty and satisfaction which lead towards
competitive advantage and profitability. The firm is also able to launch some new products and
services as the trend is changing very fast and with that customer needs and requirements are
also changing. New product development and improvement of old products and services will
help to achieve operations objectives and will lead towards quality products for the customers in
the market.
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Financial management: It can be said that every business requires effective management of its
financial activities that it will help to manage and control various resources under the budget that
will lead towards profitability and increasing capital (Strande and Brdjanovic, 2014). The
business should manage its financial activities effectively in order to reduce extra expenses and
cost of products and services. This will also help to provide services at lower cost that will help
to increase sales and profitability for the firm.
Thus, it can be said that management of operational activities will help to achieve
competitive advantage for the firm which lead towards effective management of operations and
other activities that foster business performance and profitability.
Recommendations
Tesco managing and controlling its operational activities very well and filling all the
customer requirements and demands by providing quality and effective services in the market. It
can be said that Tesco growth has totally affected by its competitor specially Sainsbury's and
Asda as it is difficult for the firm to manage its customers towards products and services. The
firm should take some initial steps such as shifting gears through making effective changes in
their products and services according to their customer requirements and demands which will be
done by innovation of new product or services while maintaining the quality and performance
(ZHANG, Wen-tao and Qi-jun, 2015). This will also help to achieve better panning over
resources from which the firm is able to manage and control cost of various departments.
Necessary changes in their operations will help to provide strengthen to operational
management that will help to produce more effective and quality products for the consumers in
the market. In addition to this, human workforce should be managed and controlled effectively
by management that it is a crucial aspect for Tesco that customers are all depended on services
provided by staff in stores which will help them to assist customers more easily and effectively
that will lead towards customer satisfaction and loyalty effectively. Apart from this, the firm is
also able to launch new products that will help to attract new customers in the market which will
increase sales and profitability.
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CONCLUSION
It can be concluded from the above analysis that operational management and techniques
are very useful for Tesco in order to manage and control products and services quality and
effectiveness which lead towards profitability and business expansion effectively. There are
various marketing strategies used by firm such as market and customer evaluation and
advertisement that it will help to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty by providing relevant
and quality products to them according to their requirements and demands effectively.
Competitive advantage will also help to increase operations effectiveness which can be improved
by loyal customers and operational management techniques and management will help to
increase competitive advantage. This will also help to achieve better panning over resources
from which the firm is able to manage and control cost of various departments and lead towards
production and profitability.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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therefor. U.S. Patent Application 15/125740.
Boyle, W.B., Western Digital Technologies Inc, 2016. Electronic system with data management
mechanism and method of operation thereof. U.S. Patent 9245,558.
Expósito, A.G., Conejo, A.J. and Canizares, C., 2016. Electric energy systems: analysis and
operation. CRC press.
Jabbari-Sabet, R., Moghaddas-Tafreshi, S.M. and Mirhoseini, S.S., 2016. Microgrid operation
and management using probabilistic reconfiguration and unit commitment. International
Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 75 pp.328-336.
Jung, D.K., Lee, D. and Park, S., 2014. Energy operation management for Smart city using 3D
building energy information modeling. International journal of precision engineering and
manufacturing 15(8) pp.1717-1724.
Kitajima, S., Kikuchi, S. and Matsumotoy, Y., 2015, November. Operation Changes
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Mendis, N., Muttaqi, K.M. and Perera, S., 2014. Management of battery-supercapacitor hybrid
energy storage and synchronous condenser for isolated operation of PMSG based variable-
speed wind turbine generating systems. IEEE Transactions on smart grid 5(2) pp.944-953.
Sharma, S., Bhattacharjee, S. and Bhattacharya, A., 2015, January. Swine Influenza Model
Based Optimization for operation management of Micro-Grid. In Electrical, Electronics,
Signals, Communication and Optimization (EESCO), 2015 International Conference
on (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Shelar, P., 2016. Operation Management Strategies Implemented in Manufacturing Companies:
Review of Literature. We'Ken-International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 1(3)
pp.137-143.
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Strande, L. and Brdjanovic, D. eds., 2014. Faecal sludge management: Systems approach for
implementation and operation. IWA publishing.
ZHANG, Y.L., Wen-tao, Y.I. and Qi-jun, F.A.N., 2015. Fault judgment scheme of distribution
network based on dispatching operation management system. Automation of Electric
Power System 39(1) pp.220-225.
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