Annotated Bibliography

This annotated bibliography includes articles on slavery, human trafficking, and COVID-19, with a focus on human rights implications and responses. The articles analyze the UK Modern Slavery Act, localizing human rights in the city of York, and discrimination in access to healthcare during the pandemic.

Annotated
Bibliography
1

Dean, O. and Marshall, S., 2020. A race to the middle of the pack: An analysis
of slavery and human trafficking statements submitted by Australian
banks under the UK Modern Slavery Act. Australian Journal of Human
Rights, 26(1), pp.46-73.
The amendments of modern slavery lead to include the effective provision of assistance and
support to victims towards the suitable range of matters to which the anti-slavery commissioner
may have regard in terms of motivating good practice. The amendment also captures those who
either hold the individual in slavery as needed under the clause 1(a) or need the effective
performance of service under clause 1(b) but not those who are indulged in the criminal
networking or chain who can facilitate the exploitation but not carry out the acts in clauses 1(a)
or 1(b). Under the clause 3(6), services from the children and vulnerable people will not only the
effective amount to exploitation if an adult is not the vulnerable that would have been likely to
refuse in terms of offering suitable services. Children are also vulnerable by virtue of being a
child which illustrate the experience and understanding that cannot be compared to an adult.
Hence, the commission is also aware from the statistics which are produced by UK human
trafficking centre that the suitable delays in competent authorities are responsible for reaching
the conclusive determination that there are reasonable grounds that an individual is the victim of
slavery or compulsory labour.
Gready, P., 2020. The Implications of and Responses to COVID-19: Localizing
Human Rights in the City of York (UK). Journal of Human Rights
Practice, 12(2), pp.250-259.
This article contributes towards the more comprehensive understanding of localising and human
rights in UK in regard of this formation and overall development which is the implications for its
normative power in regard of political influence that can be derived. This article captures the
overall human rights implication of COVID-19 and its responses in New York. As the three,
human rights contribute towards the understanding of making sure that responses enhances
dignity, right of life, protect the most vulnerable, non-discrimination and also using human rights
when balancing the overarching aim to contextualise the human rights in an effective manner. To
understand the political struggles for the shaping of UK and its international normative identity
2

needs to understand the borrowing concepts from the constructive international relations
research. It is based on the fact sheets that analyse human rights concern by following the
empirical evidence. The main focus of this article is to portray the main routes of discrimination
with effective implication of dignity and the right to life like discrimination in access to
healthcare show the suggestion that groups like the elderly or disabled people needs to be
excluded from the access to ventilators of health care. Further, inadvertent or indirect
discrimination may occur from measures to combat that appear neutral like social distancing that
shows little in overcrowded houses and prisons that can stigmatise for the marginalised groups
and also enhances the levels of domestic violence and child abuse. Contextual and structural
discrimination show the enhanced vulnerability relating towards the quality of COVID or the
nature of society with which it interacts.
3