Networking: Classful and Classless Addressing, Subnetting, NAT, ICMP, OSPF, BGP

Running head: NETWORKING
NETWORKING
Name of student
Name of university
Author’s note:

1
NETWORKING
Answer of question 1:
In any classful addressing system, the division of all the accessible IP addresses is done in
five classes like the A, B, C, D, and E, where the most used classes are the A, B, and C and
the Class D is used for multicast and it is not commonly used. The reason why the addresses
are called classful addresses is because each of the IP addresses have its place to a particular
class.
The classless addressing is the technique for allocating and then specifying all internet
addresses, and the flexibility of using this in the inter-routing is highest. In this method the bit
number that are used for the portion of the network of any IP address becomes variable rather
than fixed (Salehan & Negahban, 2013). For any classless addressing, the relationship among
the bit numbers that are used in any portion of the network and the value of first byte address.
Answer of question 2:
In a network of class A, the first dotted decimal or the primary eight bits is part of network of
the address with the rest part of the address is the host of address. The possibility of the class
A network are 128 (De-Marcos et al., 2014). This ranges from the 0.0.0.0 to 127.0.0.0 and the
early few addresses are not utilised by any of the addresses and therefore they are wasted.
Answer of question 3:
The separation of the IP address in any host address and subnet is done by the subnet mask,
when it is a requirement of any subnetwork. It is referred as the subnet mask because it
identifies the network address of IP address by the performing of any bitwise AND operation
of the netmask (Zhang et al., 2013).
Answer of question 4:

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NETWORKING
The identifier for any host or the node is the network address on a block of network. The
network address designing is done for being unique identifiers all across the network, even
though it is allowed for the local and private addresses on the network or any no unique
administered address that is not unique (Comer, 2018). In some situations, the network
address might not be included in some of the host of the network, which is more than one
along the identification of the network interface might not be exclusive. The method of
finding the network address from a block address by using this formula: CIDR (/28): 2³² ²⁸ =⁻
2⁴ = 16.
Answer of question 5:
This is the strategy of partitioning the single physical network in several minor logical sub-
networks (Bernardos et al., 2014). Subnets is designed with the acceptance of the bits from
the host part of IP address. More consecutive 1s than the corresponding default mask is
included in the subnet mask.
Answer of question 6:
The assigning of the public address to the computer where a network, usually any firewall
that is inside the private network is known as NAT. This is method of remapping an IP
address space into one another by using the changes of the information of the network in
header of the IP of packers while the transmitted is being done across a device of routing.
Answer of question 7:
The requirement of the connection oriented is the establishment of the connection of session
before the data transmission is carried out. It is considered to be reliable network service.
There is no requirement of the session connection among the receiver and the sender in
connection less services are services (Pathak et al., 2015).