Anti-Colonial Resistance Movement in North America

This paper analyzes the impact of anti-colonial resistance movement in North America and its effect on decolonization. It discusses the history of colonization and decolonization in North America and how the revolution in North America led to the creation of the United States. The paper also highlights the impact of colonization on the colonizers and the colonized.

Running Head: ANTI-COLONIAL RESISTANCE MOVEMENT IN NORTH AMERICA
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Anti-Colonial Resistance Movement in North America
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Introduction
The great historical past of every nation elaborately brings forward a history of
colonization. Colonization became almost a trend during the time period from 1776-1991. It
has been a span of almost 15 years when countries have been colonized and they have fought
for their rights to achieve decolonization. The current scenario that we have arrived at today
is an impact of all these changes that have taken place over the years. United States of
America stands out to be one of the major nations that have taken it position even after being
an English colony for over a long period of time. The end of the colonial empire is marked
by some major revolutions all across the world. In order to understand this revolutionary
outcome it is really essential to know about colonialism and then to judge it on the basis of
decolonization. North America has been an easy spot for colonization process of the British
Empire. There were a number of factors that initiated the process of colonization and some of
them were like lesser indigenous population, safe from incurable diseases and immense scope
of institutionalization. These all added to the creation of a scope of colonization. It is quite
well known that every action of colonization has often been followed by decolonization and
this too had no such difference. In this paper we would be trying to analyze the impact that
anti-colonial resistance movement in North America had. Colonialism would at one point
lead to revolution which may end in decolonization but does it always have the same impact.
Colonialism and Decolonization
Colonialism as it is known is the idea that led to the creation of several new colonies.
It is this process that had a major impact on the nations that became colonies and even on the
nation of the colonizers. The major impact was the creation of such societies which were
completely distinct from the ones that were colonizing (Adas, 2012). The British tried to

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create a “colonial society” in North America but they failed to do so as it was quite less
populated. This raised a different situation and people from the colonizers nation had to be
called for so that they might settle down on these colonies. The creation of a colony is not
only dependent on the population but also on things like the rate of diseases. Hence North
America turned out to be a better part for colonization (Sium, Desai & Ritskes, 2012). The
diseases that affected this place were quite benign and less harmful and hence life and
institutions could easily flourish. North America has been a strong colony of the British and
hence the process of decolonization and the attainment of independence has been a loss for
Britain. It is often believed that both Colonialism and Decolonization both arises from the
concept of Nationalism (Ashcroft, Griffiths & Tiffin, 2013). It is a revolution on both the
ends; one begins to take away freedom while the other to attain that lost freedom.
Decolonization takes place when a nation which has once been a colony of another nation
takes a step forward and attains its independence. When there is a mention about colonies the
first name that appears is of Europe and within it, Great Britain stands out to be prominent
(Lewis, 2012). The process of colonization was a part of the expanding conquest of Europe
when they were trying to move beyond their continent through the creation of colonies. The
process of decolonization got its first setback in the year 1776 with the attainment of
independence by the United States.
Decolonization in North America
It was almost for over a period of 50 years that the initial phase of decolonization
existed. It began in the year 1776 with the signing of the Declaration of Independence which
resulted in the decolonization of a number of North and South American colonies. This
period is defined as the “era of revolutions” as the entire Atlantic region rose in revolution
against the colonialists and the previously accepted notions passed out. The revolutions

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continued in a pattern and it was termed as “transatlantic chain reaction” (Klose, 2014). This
reaction weakened the relation between the metropolitans of Europe and those of the
American colonies. The main reason behind the rise of the anti-colonial movements was a
mutual misunderstanding. People from both Spain and England had moved to the new
colonies as settlers. Both these governments tried to join hands through a number of reform
treaties. The treaties were mainly signed so that the monetary condition of each of the nations
could be made better (Acemoglu & Robinson, 2017). On the other hand, the citizens who had
settled in these new colonies, now the United States, thought themselves to be separate on the
basis of their origin. They even felt that they were not being treated at par with those that
were settled in their own lands (Veracini, 2013). This infuriated them and the decolonization
movement took its shape. In addition to this there was one more factor that resulted in the
initiation of the “American Revolution” and it was the deteriorating monetary condition.
There are a number of theories that have been put forward with regards to decolonization.
One of them that stand out to be prominent is a combination of a number of theories
(Chrisman & Williams, 2015). The “metropolitan theory” states that it is the developments of
the metropolitans that resulted in decolonization and then the “peripheral theory” adds that
the previous theory instigated the process and influences from the peripheries fuelled the
situation and finally it was international politics from the “international theory that helped in
the culmination (Pratt et al., 2018).
Impact of Anti-Colonial Resistance Movement
It was from 1775-1783 that the North American Revolution had its existence. This
turned out to be the first phase of decolonization movement against British rule. It was North
America that brought about the first resistance. All the other nations that had been under the
colonial rule were influenced by this movement and later on came forward to organize such

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similar movements. It was in the year 1776, on the 4th of July that the Declaration of
Independence was signed creating the most effective impact in history (Klose, 2014). It was
through this declaration that the 13 colonies belonging to New England were freed from the
British rule and these 13 colonies joined hands to form a new nation. It was the formation of
the United States of America that was a result of the anti-colonial resistant movement. It was
the Treaty of Paris which was signed in the year 1783 that recognized the United States of
America as a state that was independent from external control. The continuous movements to
remove colonialism by the natives of the New England colonies resulted in loss of Great
Britain (Grove, 2017). It lost its hold on the North American States but at the same time this
forced them to shift their concentration to some other country. Britain in turn shifted its focus
so as to create some other colonies. The major effect that the “American Revolution” had was
towards the development of the European metropolitans (Young, 2016). France had a major
role to play in this revolution and it did that on behalf of the revolutionaries on the American
side. The revolutions made the political scenario weak and unstable all at the same time
(Keith & Pile, 2013). Colonialism had been effective in certain lands in creating a prosperous
nation. This has remained in the same way even after the decolonization process had been
completed. In the same way North America has offered the colonizers a scope to create such
institutions which later on enhanced the level of prosperity in these nations after their
independence.
Conclusion
Colonization has existed for over years and this had been the reason behind several
revolutionary conquests. Revolutions have been initiated over time because of a number of
reasons. This should even be added that the revolutions that had taken place were not always
organized by the colonized. It has often been the initiative of the colonizers as a difference of

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opinion has been created. We began with the question of the impact that anti-colonial
resistance movement in North America had. Now that we have reached the end of the paper,
we have been able to address this question well by deciphering its answer. Moreover, it has
even revealed that colonization often results in a revolution that might lead to decolonization
but the impact is solely dependent on the form of the revolution. The revolution in North
America had led to the creation of the United States but at the same time it allowed the
settlement of both English and Spanish people at the same time. This paper tries to address
the major details about colonization and decolonization. Then it shifts its focus and
concentrates only on the colonization of North America. The next shift takes place as we
enter the main topic of the impact that these anti-colonial resistance had on the concerned
nation and even on the colonizers. Colonies change and attain independence and it is only the
revolution that remains within the pages of history.

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