Effects of Antibiotic Therapy on Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Running head: APPENDIX
Summary table
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1APPENDIX
Appendix A : Individual Evidence Summary
EBP QUESTION: What are the effects of antibiotic therapy on necrotizing enterocolitis?
Articl
e #
Author &
Date
Evidence
Type
Sample,
Sample Size,
& Setting
Study findings
that help
answer the
EBP question
Limitation
s
Evidence
Level &
Quality
1 (AlFaleh,
K., &
Anabrees,
J., 2014)
I Electronic
search of
EMBASE,
MEDLINE,
and Cochrane
databases that
resulted in
extraction of
24 trials
There were
variability in
the enrolment
criteria of the
neonates, as
mentioned in
the trial.
Supplementatio
n of enteral
probiotics
reduced the
NEC incidence
rates and
neonate
mortality rate.
No significant
difference
found in
relation to the
decrease of
nosocomial
sepsis.
There was
a risk of
bias in
several
studies that
were
included in
the review
Systematic
study of
randomize
r
controlled
trials, high
quality
2 (Esmaeiliza
nd et al.,
I Retrospective
case-control
Significant
difference
There were
differences
High
quality

2APPENDIX
2017) study
conducted
among preterm
neonates born
prior to 29
week gestation
period. 447
controls and
224 cases.
observed in the
incidence rates
of antibiotic
day number
before NEC
onset, antenatal
steroid
administration,.
High duration
of antibiotic
usage found
among NEC
cases, in
comparison to
control.
Significant
increase in
NEC odds, in
relation to
empiric
treatment of
antibiotics for 5
days or more.
in clinical
practice
modalities
within and
between
centres.
The
researchers
failed to
obtain
detailed
information
on the kind
of feeding
and number
or type of
antibiotics
used.
since this
was an
experimen
tal study
3 (Pammi,
M., &
Haque,
2015)
II Systematic
review and
meta-analysis
conducted by
extracting
quasi‐
randomised or
randomized
Administration
of
Pentoxifylline
as an adjunct to
other antibiotics
reduced the
rates of all-
cause mortality
Less
number of
studies had
been
included,
and there
were
methodolog
Low-
quality
evidence

3APPENDIX
trials from
electronic
databases such
as, Pubmed,
EMBASE,
CINAHL,
CENTRAL,
and Cochrane
Neonatal
Review Group
Specialized
Register.
among
neonates,
during their
length of
hospitalization.
Pentoxifylline
also decreased
hospital stay.
However, it did
not have any
significant
impact on
retinopathy of
prematurity,
chronic lung
disease,
development of
NEC, or
periventricular
leukomalacia or
severe
intraventricular
haemorrhag, in
neonates
ical
limitations
in each of
them.
4 (Samuels et
al., 2016)
II A quasi-
experimental
study was
performed
among level IV
NICU located
in Rotterdam
Interrupted time
series logistic
regression
analysis failed
to demonstrate
any noteworthy
difference
Observatio
nal design
prevented
random
allocation
of infants.
Confidence
Good
quality
evidence