Application of Knowledge-based systems on Engineering (Structural Design Processes)

Running head: Application of Knowledge-based systems on Engineering (Structural Design
Processes)Application of Knowledge-based systems on Engineering (Structural Design Processes)
Application of Knowledge-based systems on Engineering (Structural
Design Processes)
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Table of Content

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Application of Knowledge-based systems on Engineering (Structural Design
Processes)Application of Knowledge-based systems on Engineering (Structural Design
Processes)
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Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Literature Review.......................................................................................................................2
i) Knowledge-based architecture for integrated structural engineering applications.........3
ii) KADBASE—interfacing expert systems with databases............................................5
iii) DICE—Distributed and integrated environment for computer-aided engineering.....7
iv) An integrated software environment for building design and construction................9
Summary of the Literature Review..........................................................................................11
Conclusion & Recommendation..............................................................................................13

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Application of Knowledge-based systems on Engineering (Structural Design
Processes)Application of Knowledge-based systems on Engineering (Structural Design
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Introduction
In this paper, an Intelligent Structural Design and Cost Estimating model, to the
military direct project’s part has been researched in this study. The object of the project is to
create a computer program while builds a generic connection between MCACES
(Microcomputer Construction and Cost Engineering System) expenses predicting computer
program and structural designed computer program. Importance has been transmitted to
explore the potential link of Knowledge-based system and how it institutes the generic
connection. The potential program is approximated to give access for designing and
performing preliminary costs to engineer’s design, in a much quicker and cost-efficient way
than that of the currently used methods.
The following report has two objectives: To encapsulate the results of literature
review research, to demonstrate the Knowledge Based System’s applications to the processes
of structural design, and further, presentation of recommendations for appropriate integrated
structurally designed computer has also been discussed. The limitation of this research is
confined to only include the research materials, according to ISDCE project’s relevancy.
Literature Review
The aim of the literature review is to conduct an investigation on Knowledge-based
system’s (KBS) applications in the environment of cost-estimation and structural
engineering. During the collection of information, numerous amount of previously conducted
researches were found, which were aimed at efficiency improvement in the process of
structural design through the utilization of the KBS’s programs. (Due to the purpose of the
following paper, the terms “construction engineering” and “structural design” will add every
processes from planning (architectural) to final construction).
The construction industry includes coordination and cooperation between numerous
diverse officials, like engineers (planning, structural and civil), architects, structural detailers
and other government officials. The respective types of project structure is considered to be
distributed, as the respective individuals signal multiple organizations. The present method of
data transfer between the individuals in a distributed project community is conducted,
through specifications and plans.
Massive amounts of computer programs are observed to be present for the structure
designer’s support, yet many construction-based aspects of a project structure are not
computerized. The following literature review provides efforts from computer program
integration to entire structural design automation process.
The following segments provides brief introduction of the relevant researches to the
comprehensive development of the structural design systems. Further, the research
implications to the computer program’s future development is also discussed.
i) Knowledge-based architecture for integrated structural engineering
applications
Rehak et al. (2014) i stated an indigenous work on integrated design
environment production for the two decades-structural engineering environment.
Different systems such as GENESYSii, ICESiii, and POLOiv were referred as
examples.
Rehak, Howard and Sriram proposed the algorithmic approach, in the late
eighties were inadequate for the actual development of an integrated structural

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Application of Knowledge-based systems on Engineering (Structural Design
Processes)Application of Knowledge-based systems on Engineering (Structural Design
Processes)
engineering design environment. Brown & Yao (2013)v stated the computer usage
has been extensive in structural engineering, yet confined to algorithmic-based
projects, which assists engineer in minor portion during the design phase. Weak-
structured problems, fragmentary nature and standard processing makes the
construction industry address the algorithmic programming methods, in an
incorrect way. Thus, the researchers noticed the Knowledge-based expert systems
to have the potentiality of useful addressing the creative aspects and, mitigating
the ill-structure. The potential tool was the Centralized database management,
while linked the multiple applications of design into the integrated system.
A paper evaluated an architecture for an integrated civil engineering design
environment (CAESE).vi According to the researchers, the continuation of the
work shall progressively enhance and revise the concepts, with overall
construction of the knowledge-based componential prototype.
Rehak, Howard and Sriram reviewed the respective prototype-based
components, and demonstrated a basic plan for componential integration for
initiating the work of the design system. The reference material would provide
much more information to the following program’s idea.
The interest of the researchers were due to the following reasons:
 Discussion of the long-term interest in integrated structural design
system’s development.
 Illustration of the required development plan, data storage plan,
and component’s control, which is to be used at or in any proposed
structural system of design.
 Demonstration of the prior realization which computer-program-
based algorithms and concepts could not creatively address. Also,
addressing the ill-structured aspects of the construction and
structural design process is added.
ii) KADBASE—interfacing expert systems with databases
Howard and Rehak (2016)vii developed a statement for systems to integrated
computer engineering environment that has transformed into algorithmic program
sets, rotating around centrally placed DBMS.
Howard and Rehak has stated their prototype to be the Knowledge-aided
database management system (KADBASE). The working principle was observed
to be network database interfaced and flexible, where multiple KBS and databases
could communicate freely. The features of the KADBASE were as follows:
 A particular database or expert system is connected only to its interface.
 Separation of descriptive knowledge storage while data request processing
for a particular component in the system.
 Confidentiality of the KADBASE architecture from the application and
user.
 Various DBMS networks evaluate information from a significant database
to each global semantic model (database).
The advantages of the respective management system (KADBASE) are:
 Much flexible interface is created by descriptive knowledge’s (feature
a) storing against the pure algorithmic connectional-ages. The extra