Applied Business Research: Data Analysis, Descriptive Statistics, and Correlation Matrix

APPLIED BUSINESS RESEARCH
Assessment 1
Data Analysis
Submitted by:

APPLIED BUSINESS RESEARCH
1. Data handling
a. The given data is entered into the computer through the SPSS software.
b. The variables are defined and assigned appropriate variable labels, values labels, and
scaling indications.
2. Descriptive statistics
a. Using Analyze, Descriptive statistics, Descriptive to summarize metric variables.
Descriptive Statistics
N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation
Age 24 17 35 22.96 4.563
Exam Mark 24 67 97 82.00 8.011
Paper Marks 24 57 95 80.33 10.277
Year at College 24 1 4 2.50 1.022
IQ 24 0 99 59.42 33.081
Valid N (listwise) 24
Figure 1 – Descriptive statistics.
Using descriptive statistics, we have analysed and summarised metric variables. This
method indicates the age mean of 24 respondents, which is 22.96. An exam mark varies
from 67 to 97, while paper marks starts with 57 to 95. The mean for year at college is 2.50
year and the IQ mean is 59.42.
b. Recoding the sex variable such that it is 1 for females and 0 for males.
c. Using Analyze, Descriptive statistics, Frequencies to summarize nonmetric
variables.
Sex
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid 1 4.0 4.0 4.0
1 13 52.0 52.0 56.0
0 11 44.0 44.0 100.0
Total 25 100.0 100.0
Figure 2 – record of sex variable.

APPLIED BUSINESS RESEARCH
The above figure identifies sex variable. 11 (44.0%) Out of 24 participants were males and
13 (52.0%) were females.
d. Creating a pie-chart for Year in College.
Figure 3 – Pie chart count of year at college
The above figure represents a pie-chart for the year in college. The largest part 37.5% stands
for Junior, 25% is for Sophomore, 20.83% - freshman, and smallest portion 16.67% -senior.
e. Creating a histogram for IQ and including the normal distribution.

APPLIED BUSINESS RESEARCH
Figure 4: Histogram for IQ
The above figure is a histogram for IQ and includes the normal distribution, this indicates IQ
100 as the most frequent variable.
f. Making a scatter plot with IQ on the x-axis and exam grade on the y-axis.

APPLIED BUSINESS RESEARCH
Figure 5 – Simple scatter of exam mark by IQ
The figure notes that relationship between IQ and exam grades can be seen, however not
in all instances. The participant with 65 IQ has scored the highest exam mark, however the
lowest exam mark 67 was scored by the person with the IQ 99, and the lowest IQ (00)
participant in the group scored 83 points of the exam paper. This concludes that IQ has a
role when performing at the highest level during exam, although IQ is not the final factor.
g. Making a scatter plot with sex on the x-axis and IQ on the y-axis.

APPLIED BUSINESS RESEARCH
Figure 6 – Simple scatter of IQ by gender
The above figure shows that there is no relationship between IQ coefficient and gender.
h. Compute the mean IQ for males and for females. Conclusion? (2)
Case Processing Summary
Cases
Included Excluded Total
N Percent N Percent N Percent
IQ * Sex 24 96.0% 1 4.0% 25 100.0%
Report
IQ
Sex Mean N Std. Deviation
1 62.54 13 33.421
0 55.73 11 33.897
Total 59.42 24 33.081
Figure 7 – Mean IQ for males and females
The figure indicates that male’s IQ mean is at 55.73, however female result was affected by
higher population (13) and overall mean was at 62.54