Justice and Social Democracy

Running head: ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
Argumentative essay on corruption
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Author Note

1ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
Analysis and arguments on corruption:
Perry (2017) states that there are some solutions to fight against the political corruption at
Australia 1. This includes the reinforcing balances and checks like power separations, securing
political rights and civil liberties, handing preferential treatment under public service delivery and
allocating resources. Besides, the list follows the regulating of lobbying activities, ensuring fair
elections, enforcing and developing more stringent regulations of campaign finance, managing
interest conflicts along with preventing undue effects exercised to make policies2. However, the
present paper intends to show that to enhance the scenario at Australia the better solutions includes,
strengthening positions of whistleblowers, implementing more robust laws against money laundering
and bribery, generating more comprehensive rules against undue influence perceived between
private and public sectors including lobbying and political donations and establishing the body of
federal anti-corruptions. In this study the challenges in Australia and arguments from various
information analyzed are demonstrated.
Discussion on corruption challenges in Australia:
The nation of Australia has prolonged reputation of integrity and honesty at the areas of
business and government. They have been ranking constantly at the top ten nations as per the
“Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index”. Besides, they have ranked 3rd best as per
other Transparency International Index measuring propensity of executives of business of offering
bribes. This is while performing business at other nations. The reputation has been seen to be
1 Perry, P.J., 2017. Political corruption in Australia: A very wicked place?. Routledge.
2 Yap, O.F., 2017. When do citizens take costly action against government corruption? Evidence from experiments in
Australia, Singapore, and the United States. Journal of East Asian Studies, 17(1), pp.119-136.

2ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
comforting. Nevertheless, no negative picture has been there. At Australia, corruption has been
taking place and has been continuing to happen at every levels of community life, business, policing,
government and politics 3. Since the previous decades they have been facing imprisonment and
prosecution and fraud offences and corruption of various officials present are every government
levels, prominent national level business, Chief Magistrate, parliament members, a police
commissioner, minister of state government and state premier. Different royal commissions and
articular inquiries from previous decades investigating corruption allegations at the areas of building
and land development, foreign bribery, financial investment, revenue collection, public procurement,
job recruitment, policing and political lobbying. Apart from that the nation is seen to have the
necessity to turn to be more vigilant through implementing permanent commissions for investigating
corruptions. Importantly, the country has to be learning that corruption is issues for developing
countries like them. Moreover the inaction and complacency delivers the fertile scenario where
corruption is able to flourish.
For example the eligibility crisis of 2017-2018 Australian parliament can be considered. It
took place at the Federal states under the administration of Turnbull. Here, parliamentarians from
different parties were seen to be within that breach of Section 44 of that constitution prohibiting the
dual citizens to be sitting at parliament. Again, the 2018-19’s case of Robdebt can be considered.
Here, Centrelink has been issuing the automated type of debts that has never been incurred by
concerned individuals4. Further, the case of sports report affair of 2020 can be considered that took
3 Masters, A. and Hall, K., 2019. Corruption in Australia and New Zealand. Corruption in a Global Context: Restoring
Public Trust, Integrity and Accountability among Public Leaders and Governing Institutions.
4 Forsyth, A., 2017. Law, politics and ideology: The regulatory response to trade union corruption in Australia.
UNSWLJ, 40, p.1336.

3ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
at the same state of Australia5. Here, government has been seen to be providing grants for the
projects f sports for the various communities within marginal electorates. Most of the projects has
been seen to be of low priority and rejected previously. This has been the method of defending
various marginal electorates. Again the old cases of Grangegate during 2014 can be considered. This
took place at NSW. Here, O’Farrell got a bottle costing 3,000 dollars of the Grange Hermitage,
However, it was not declared. During 2015, there was the case of Choppegate at the Federal state.
Here, the Bishop was seen to be charting a helicopter towards a fundraiser of Liberal Party. It has
been charged more than 5,000 dollars that could have been a one hour of drive.
Understanding parliamentary integrity and public sector:
Unlike all the states of Australian that have been established to dedicate the standing for anti-
corruption companies, the Commonwealth considered multi-agency approach. This is combat the
corruption under the influencing public areas. At that system, there has been various agencies having
complementary roles. It involves the promotion of integrity around public services and then
investigate the misconduct. Further, there has been detection and investigation of corruption issues
that are related to law enforcement. For example, there are ACLEI or Australian Commission for
Law Enforcement Integrity and AFP or Australian Federal Police.
Foreign bribery:
The nation have quickly moved relatively for ratifying OECD or “Convention on Combating
Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions”. They have implemented
that domestically across the legislation. Nonetheless, the nation has lagged behind various other
nations under the enforcement of convention. There has been rise in resources and priorities towards
5 Smith, R.G., Oberman, T., Fuller, G. and Sergi, A., 2018. Understanding and responding to serious and organised
crime involvement in public sector corruption. Trends & Issues in Crime & Criminal Justice, (534).

4ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
foreign briber evaluations from 2013 appearing to be have few effect. Nonetheless, the problem has
been comprising of constant interest to Parliament6.
Registered organizations:
The Royal Commissions to the “Trade Union Governance and Corruption” made 79
suggestions for legal and policy reforms. Here, the commission found broad misconduct and
developed 93 referrals for the probable legal level of proceedings that were against the charitable,
organizations, companies, unions and individuals. As joined state and federal police taskforce named
as legal proceedings connected to the Royal Commission initially has been extend till the ending of
20167. This is to continue to investigate the potential criminal matters that are been referred by
Commission and related allegations.
Whistleblowing or public interest disclosure schemes:
The laws for facilitating disclosure of the misconduct and additional mistakes along with
securing making those disclosures has been essential element of wider framework of integrity. Here,
the scheme of public interest disclosing applicable to Commonwealth public sector has been
upgraded and expanded during 2013 considerably8. Here, the changes has been occurring from
2014’s January.
Discussion on International engagement:
Agenda of G20 corruption:
6 Warf, B., 2019. Corruption in Oceania. In Global Corruption from a Geographic Perspective (pp. 195-205). Springer,
Cham.
7 Marriott, L., 2016. Taxing corruption in Australia and New Zealand. Austl. Tax F., 31, p.37.
8 Chapman, J. and Nossal, B., 2019. Guarding against Corruption. Socio-analysis, 21, p.35.

5ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
At this situation, the Anti-Corruption Working Group is seen to be developing the G20
implementation plan of Anti-Corruption during 2017-18 for endorsing Leader’s Summit at
Hangzhou of September 2016. China is been seen to be flagging the anti-corruption measures as the
priority for the presidency. This is specially the developing of guidelines to track down high-level
fugitives along with implementing research center over stolen assets and fugitives9. As the part of
the latest campaign on anti-corruption, for instance, China is found to pushing for higher cooperation
from other nations like Australia to repatriate persons who were alleged to be engaged at the areas of
corruptions along with the resources. There has been a suggested extradition treat present between
China and Australia tabled within parliament during 2nd March 2016. Considerations were
commenced by Joint Standing Committee over various treaties. Nevertheless, the inquiry closed
after the dismissal of the parliament during May 201610.
Open Government Partnership:
The format labor government and Turnbull Coalition Government committed to undertake
the membership of Australia of “Open Government Partnership” to be practicable. Further, the
nation has been due for finalizing the membership during 2016’s July. Nevertheless, preparing
needed National Action Plan has been put on the hold as the election has been called.
UN Convention going against corruption:
Analysis of the compliance done with “Convention against Corruption” of United States
occurred on cycles of review. Here, the summary of the findings of compliances of Australia. The
9 White, R., 2017. Corruption and the securitisation of nature. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social
Democracy, 6(4), p.55.
10 Brown, A.J., Graycar, A., Kelly, K., Coghill, K., Prenzler, T. and Ransley, J., 2018. A national integrity commission:
Options for Australia. Transparency International Australia.

6ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
chapter son law enforcement and criminalization along with global cooperation released during
2012’s June11. Here, the outcomes has been highly positive and determined various sectors of
development like developing anti-corruption and national planning and protections of
whistleblowing. Again, the foreign bribery legislation of Australia criticized constantly to be narrow
in terms of scope and insufficiently enforced. Moreover, this has been probably in line for the future
shaking-up to follow the latest release of the CPI or Corruption Perceptions Index of 2019 done by
the Transparency International. Furthermore, the ranks of CPI highlighted the levels perceived of the
corruption at public sector at 180 nations and various territories through the world12. It has been
developed through aggregating information from various sources providing perceptions of the
corruptions through people of business and experts of country that involved the surveys and the
assessments of experts 13. However, the nation did not fare especially well in the recent CPI scoring
and scored 77 out of hundred. Here zero has been largely corrupt and the hundred is considered to be
clean. This similar score has been gained during 2018 CPI. This was the score of seventy-seven
areas at the country in twelfth place over the CPI. Though that developed the rank by 1 marks at the
preset year, this just did that due to the likes of Canada and United Kingdom dropping to join
Australia and Australia in ranking of 12. Notably, no improvement has been there in the core of
Australia from 2012 from past seven years as that faced a decline by 8 points on CPI. Besides, the
rankings of CPI is been released during the time as various notable events took place. This could be
eradicating reliability in the institutions of Australia’s politics. Apart from that, it has included the
11 Crowley-Cyr, L., 2018. What Effect is Australia's Worsening State of Public Sector Corruption Having on the Mental
Health of Law Enforcement Officers as First Responders in Australia?. Available at SSRN 3280709.
12 Lehman, G. and Morton, E., 2017, December. Accountability, corruption and social and environment accounting:
Micro-political processes of change. In Accounting Forum (Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 281-288). Taylor & Francis.
13 Evans, C., Krever, R. and Alm, J., 2017. Tax and Corruption: A Global Perspective.

7ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
police raids done over different journalists, present of various whistle-blowers and defunding of
Commonwealth office of Information Commissioner 14. Moreover, the scandals like the alleged
misuses of one of the sports grant program that has been administered by the end of Senator Bridget
McKenzie. It has also involved the inability of the anti-corruption bodies that were state-based
controlled by Senator Bridget McKenzie. It involved the incapability of the bodies of anti-corruption
that were state-based. This has been to efficiently fulfil the mandates the corruption of police to
public sector. This is because of limited resources to contribute to vie-points of the present country.
As far as the Asia-Pacific region is considered, though there has been higher performing nations like
Australia scoring 77, Japan scoring 73, Singapore scoring 85 and New Zealand scoring 87. The
overall region just scored average of 45. This is due to the fact that there has been high diversity on
the scores in those sectors including lower performing nations like China (41), Vietnam (37), the
Philippines (34), Cambodia (20), North Korea (17) and Afghanistan (16)15. Though several of the
nations has been comprising of relatively effective economic powers. The rankings shows that they
have been falling to meaningfully handle the corruptions as the governments at the area or refusing
to permit the participation of transparency by the citizens in the government affairs.
Discussion on the arguments from the aforementioned information:
There has been strong theme been heighted in the report of CPI to the connection between
the corruptions and politics in the form of unregulated flowing of the big money at the area of
politics. It has lead the Australia’s public sector to be vulnerable towards the corruptions at various
sectors like making public policy. This has appeared that the presence of regulations of
14 Neupane, A., Soar, J., Vaidya, K. and Aryal, S., 2017. Application of e-government principles in anti-corruption
framework. In Digital Governance and E-Government Principles Applied to Public Procurement (pp. 56-74). IGI Global.
15 Goldsmith, A., Halsey, M. and de Vel-Palumbo, M., 2018. Literature Review: Correctional Corruption. Queensland
Correctional Services. Adelaide: Flinders University Centre for Crime Policy and Research.

8ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
comprehensive campaign finance has led to strong performance in rankings. These nations has
averaged across seventy in terms of score16. On the other hand, the nations that has no or little
regulation in that area has been commonly performing poorly. They have scored an average of 34
and 35.
The nation is already been active to strengthen the regime of ant-corruption. They have
intended to make the progress of the developments by 2020. During 2018, plans were announced by
Commonwealth Government for establishing Commonwealth Integrity Commission. Nonetheless,
the legislation of draft has never been released and no timetable has been there for performing that is
set. During 2nd December 2019, the combatting corporate crime or “Crimes Legislation
Amendment”, Bill has been introduced to the senate from the end of Federal Government. This is to
amend the legislation of Australia prohibiting the foreign bribery and the corruption. This Bill of
2019 has been adjourned for making more debates during 4th February during 2020. This intended
protections of whistleblowers has been commenced during January 1st of 2020. It has been the
commencement of the reforms to Corporations ACT 200117. On many years of involvement in the
defense work of foreign bribery, growth in focus in witnessed to pursue the persecutions and
investigations at that sectors. As the Australian Federal Police has been much more active at the
sector, it can be expected by 2020 further activities could be seen as per persecutions and
investigations by the regulators. They have the mandate of cracking down the corrupt conduct
especially under the light of Australia who failed to develop the score in CPI during 201918.
16 Goldsmith, A., Halsey, M. and Groves, A., 2016. Tackling correctional corruption. Springer.
17 Lehman, G. and Morton, E., 2017, December. Accountability, corruption and social and environment accounting:
Micro-political processes of change. In Accounting Forum (Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 281-288). Taylor & Francis.
18 Graycar, A. and Masters, A.B., 2018. Preventing malfeasance in low corruption environments: twenty public
administration responses. Journal of Financial Crime.

9ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
It can be never be denied that corruption is the cancer present at the core of various problems
for the present day world. This has been destroying various professions and holding back the
development. This has been costing about billions of pounds for the world economy every year. This
has been trapping poorer person a most desperate poverty as various corrupted government
throughout the world has been syphon off the funds. This has been preventing hard-working one to
get revenues and advantages of the development that are been their rightfully. This has been stealing
ten important resource form hospitals and schools as the corrupt one and the business evade taxes
owed by them. This can also undermine the security as the corruption perceived of the local
governments is able to make people to be more susceptible to harmful ideas of the extremists.
Moreover, Australia and other nations have required to deal with this issue. Every bit of tis is to be
considered as the issues like migration and poverty are additionally concerned. The law must be
upheld. The corrupt is needed to be punished having justices and then recompensing for the one who
have suffered.

10ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
References:
Brown, A.J., Graycar, A., Kelly, K., Coghill, K., Prenzler, T. and Ransley, J., 2018. A national
integrity commission: Options for Australia. Transparency International Australia.
Chapman, J. and Nossal, B., 2019. Guarding against Corruption. Socio-analysis, 21, p.35.
Crowley-Cyr, L., 2018. What Effect is Australia's Worsening State of Public Sector Corruption
Having on the Mental Health of Law Enforcement Officers as First Responders in Australia?.
Available at SSRN 3280709.
Evans, C., Krever, R. and Alm, J., 2017. Tax and Corruption: A Global Perspective.
Forsyth, A., 2017. Law, politics and ideology: The regulatory response to trade union corruption in
Australia. UNSWLJ, 40, p.1336.
Goldsmith, A., Halsey, M. and de Vel-Palumbo, M., 2018. Literature Review: Correctional
Corruption. Queensland Correctional Services. Adelaide: Flinders University Centre for Crime
Policy and Research.
Goldsmith, A., Halsey, M. and Groves, A., 2016. Tackling correctional corruption. Springer.
Graycar, A. and Masters, A.B., 2018. Preventing malfeasance in low corruption environments:
twenty public administration responses. Journal of Financial Crime.
Lehman, G. and Morton, E., 2017, December. Accountability, corruption and social and
environment accounting: Micro-political processes of change. In Accounting Forum (Vol. 41, No. 4,
pp. 281-288). Taylor & Francis.
Marriott, L., 2016. Taxing corruption in Australia and New Zealand. Austl. Tax F., 31, p.37.

11ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ON CORRUPTION
Masters, A. and Hall, K., 2019. Corruption in Australia and New Zealand. Corruption in a Global
Context: Restoring Public Trust, Integrity and Accountability among Public Leaders and Governing
Institutions.
Neupane, A., Soar, J., Vaidya, K. and Aryal, S., 2017. Application of e-government principles in
anti-corruption framework. In Digital Governance and E-Government Principles Applied to Public
Procurement (pp. 56-74). IGI Global.
Perry, P.J., 2017. Political corruption in Australia: A very wicked place?. Routledge.
Smith, R.G., Oberman, T., Fuller, G. and Sergi, A., 2018. Understanding and responding to serious
and organised crime involvement in public sector corruption. Trends & Issues in Crime & Criminal
Justice, (534).
Warf, B., 2019. Corruption in Oceania. In Global Corruption from a Geographic Perspective (pp.
195-205). Springer, Cham.
Watson, G., 2018. Why we need a commonwealth commission against corruption. Bar News: The
Journal of the NSW Bar Association, (Summer 2018), p.6.
White, R., 2017. Corruption and the securitisation of nature. International Journal for Crime,
Justice and Social Democracy, 6(4), p.55.
Yap, O.F., 2017. When do citizens take costly action against government corruption? Evidence from
experiments in Australia, Singapore, and the United States. Journal of East Asian Studies, 17(1),
pp.119-136.