Report on Artificial Intelligence and Technology Management Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the context of Innovation and Technology Management. It begins with an introduction that highlights the rapid advancements in AI and machine learning, emphasizing their impact on organizational problem-solving. The report delves into the advantages of AI, such as increased efficiency, faster decision-making, and data processing capabilities. It also explores the disadvantages, including job losses and the concentration of power. A significant portion of the report focuses on the distinction between facts and myths surrounding AI, providing clear examples to illustrate these differences. The report concludes with a critical evaluation of AI's role in technology management, offering insights into its potential and challenges, and providing a case study to showcase the practical applications of AI in real-world scenarios. The report also examines the role of machine learning, big data and the potential for error-free processes. The report also includes references to support the findings and arguments presented.

INNOVATION AND
TECHNOLOGY
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
ASSIGNMENT 1.............................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7
ASSIGNMENT 2.............................................................................................................................8
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................8
Literature review....................................................................................................................8
Critical evaluation................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

ASSIGNMENT 1
INTRODUCTION
This report contains the case study about artificial intelligence advancement in
technologies is growing constantly and thus technologies have achieved a growth stage with the
increase in revolutions. This report states that from the rapidly changes of the technology, some
proponents of the artificial intelligence believe that the rapidly advances that are taking place in
the Artificial intelligence and the machine learning (Dreyfus, 2016). There are many
development that have been evolved in machines languages and thus Artificial language helps in
solving the problems that are faced by the organisations. Myths are passed from one generation
to another and they are basically transmitted from word of mouth. There is the difference
between the myths and the facts. The facts the something is known and to have exist. The facts
can also the indicating of the findings derived by the process of evaluation. And the myths are
the traditional term. It is the traditional stories which consist the events that are historical and
also natural phenomenon.
There is also difference between artificial intelligence and the artificial moral
intelligence. Artificial intelligence is defined as doing the task with the helps of using machine
that can be done with the mind of human beings. Those include the decision making process
translation of different languages that can be done with the help of computers. react like human
beings in completing the work.
Advantages of artificial intelligence:
There are many advantages of artificial intelligence which are described as:
Interest: Human being loose interest very fast if they does the same work again and
again but human beings does not. Machine have the capacity to repeat the same task hundred
times but if the same task is assigned to human being to do it again and again then they cant do
the work as they have an excuse that doing the same work bored the people. If they are forcefully
give the same work than they will not achieve the desired results as it was expected by them.
Artificial intelligence try to achieve the maximum output with efficiently use of different
resources and technologies (Hovy, Navigli, and Ponzetto, 2013). They uses automated
production machines which helps in increasing efficiency. They generate creative results which
help in achieve best outputs for organisations.
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Faster actions and decisions: Artificial intelligence generates faster results as the work
is done by using machine and thus they have the capability to do multiple task at the same time.
The decisions taken by artificial intelligence are more faster as compared to human beings. The
machine have the intelligence to find out all the fraud website or the fraud that that comes in
contact with the machines. Artificial intelligence have the capacities to manage the future work
and thus decisions have to be taken about bout how the work will be managed with the efficient
use of resources. Information technologies plays a great role in effectively and efficiently
completing the task on time. Information technology have allowed multiple users to do multiple
task at the same time (Kodratoff and Michalski, 2014). This helps people around the world to be
connected with each other and thus sharing of information becomes easy.
Machine Learning: Machines have the capacity to store big data. Big data means the
data that are larger in size that have different velocity, volumes, capacity, validly and variance.
Human being have a brain in which all the information are stored but it does not have the
capacity to store informations in big data form, in comparison with machines. Artificial
intelligence records the data as fast as a Xerox machine gets the photo states of the documents
and thus they have the capacity to store large data and people can access the data at any time
whenever they needs the data The data is stored safely in the memories of machines and thus
where there is need to analyse the data the data can be easily available.
Data processing and analysing: It is much easier with the help of machines to process
and analyse the data that is stored in big amount in the memory of computers. The work of
artificial intelligence is limited to machine learning process. Artificial intelligence is supposed to
take things faster so as to have genuine in self learning programmes using the artificial works
that are that have the capacity to do the natural works as done by human beings.
Error Free process. Human being work with the helps of their brains and thus human
beings have the tendency to make mistakes in completing the work (Korbicz and et.al., 2012).
Machines are always free because they work in accordance with the command that are assigned
to them. They can produce error only when they are given wrong commands for the particular
task. All the task that are completed by the machine the machines ensure that are error free no
matter how large the data is. AI will generate positive and error free outputs
Computers have brilliant minds: Computers are known as the brain of computers and
they can perform any challenging task that are assigned to them. They can perform all the
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arithmetical and logical questions in a seconds that takes time to perform the same calculations
by human beings. They had to ability to take challenging task and complete the same in
particular time frame by effectively utilising all the resources.
Taking Risk: Artificial intelligence machines have the the ability to do job that are
impossible with human beings and thus all the machines have to carefully complete the task that
are assigned to them. Exploration of space is one of the risk. Example: The planet named as
Mars rovers to curiosity (Michalski and et. al., 2010). Mars are freely roaming around the space
and thus it helps in examining the landscapes that best determines the path that are to be
followed. The outcomes are that curiosity is thinking to have learning programmes that are
designed for them.
Better research Outcomes: Artificial intelligence based technologies like vision of using
computers help in achievement of better outcomes with the help f improved predictions.
Example medical diagnosis by doctors, demand forecasting of customers and oil explorations.
Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence:
There are many disadvantages of artificial intelligence which are as follows:
Job Losses: There are many people who will be jobless in the economy because the work
will be done with the help of machines Artificial intelligence will cost lesser skilled people about
their jobs. Robots have taken job on the assembly line production and thus AI helps in doing the
complex task in doing the jobs. Therefore low skills jobs will be more affected.
Wealth: Artificial intelligence will create more wealth than it destroys the but the wealth
in the economy are not equally distributed (Milne and Witten, 2013). The cars which have the
machines inbuilt that it can run without drivers and thus this technology will make many drivers
jobless. The Tesla cars have made auto drive facilities and thus have made the whole effort to
back a bit.
Changes: The changes will be subliming and they will not be overt. The accountant that
is responsible for the tax auditing or maintaining the documents and they will not receive the
pink slip in a day and assuming to have meeting with the robot who will be sitting at the desk.
Next time whenever the accountant will apply for a job position it will be very difficult to find
the job.
Concentration of Power: The powers will be only in the hands of those persons who are
controlling and doing all the operations (Schmidt, 2012). The different warfare in nation in
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context of advanced technologies. The technologies can kill humans with involving the human
beings to pull the triggers.
Bad Calls: Artificial intelligence does not have the abilities to make call or judge the
calls that are made. Example: If there are shooting going on of any event and hostage drama
down town. People started making calls to uber for helping the people in affected areas and
because there is demand by the people to help them in the concentrated areas (Nilsson, 2014).
Uber algorithms were felt back on the economies of demand and supply and the riding rates
were skyrocketed.
The Uber does not considered the accounts of the violent crises impacting on the towns
and the affected riders did not care about it because of the factor of surge demands in that areas.
They helped the people at the times of crises and thus they had taken the use of the technologies
to find the people who are affected at the different places . In the planning of future aspects it
will have plans to help in a better ways it was desired by the services.
There is nothing artificial about the intelligence. Intelligence is the balance between the
emotions and the skills of different people of the organisation. The grey shades exist in the
universe when the judgement is made on different aspects. The behaviour shows the outcomes
of the world around us in which the people exit. The artificial intelligence helps in deciding the
write and the wrong ways in which the information is gathered and generated. The human
behaviour should be replaced with the rigid behaviours of people (Zhou and et.al., 2012). The
artificial intelligence can create an irrational behaviours in human beings within the designed and
developed ecosystems and skills.
Artificial intelligence can be implemented with the desired goals in the organisation but
can only be achieved when there are in the preserved manner as the solution to the problems
should be logical and based on the experiences. If there is shortage of food supply in the
economy than artificial intelligence solutions can be used to reduce the size of populations than
other means which are available to find increase food that can fulfil l the expectations of
customers.
Difference between Facts and Myths:
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Myths Facts
Myths are always derived from the word of
mouth of people and they are being passed
down from one generation to another. This is
used as a traditional way and thus, it is passed
on from one generation to another to cure the
diseases.
Facts are derived by accidents through drive
the evidences to gather something. There
should not be any support air of human
qualities
The facts are gathered on scientific evidence
which describe it as a proof of something.
Myths are passed from generation to
generation based on thoughts and belief of
people.
Facts are in detailed format and while, on the
contrary
Myths depict the stories.
Facts are used to justify the concept that can be
easily explained
Myths are used to describe the unexplained
task.
Facts can be dis-proven on the grounds Myths can never be dis-proven on any basis.
For example: It is said that smoking causes
cancer and it kills the person. Until the medical
science does the research and found the facts
about smoking.
Example: It is believed that consuming hot
pepper will take away all the diseases. This is
used as a traditional way and thus, it is passed
on from one generation to another to cure the
diseases.
There are many differences between myths and facts which are as follows:
The basic difference that lies between myths and facts is the scientific information about
evidence to support facts (Hoeher and Wo, 2011). it was a myth that smoking causes lung
cancer.
The myths are passed through a form of story which one person tells to another. The
stories were depicted so as to explain something that cannot be explained with the help of
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scientific reasons. Myths were started to explain the main reasons why something exist or to
have control over something.
CONCLUSION
From the above assignment, it can be concluded that Artificial Intelligence are used in
modern technologies which replaces the work of human and because of this, many people are
unemployed. Artificial intelligence is very helpful and it helps in solving the any organisational
related issues and problems. There are some advantages described related to artificial
intelligence. In this assignment, studied about they difference between the artificial intelligence
and the artificial moral intelligence. There are many advantages and disadvantages that are
described in this report. The advantages include interest, error free process and challenges to
complete the task. The disadvantages include wealth changes and concentration of power in one
hand. In this report also studied about the myths and facts and the difference between myths and
facts has been assessed where myths are passed from one generation to another while, the facts
are based on scientific studies.
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REFERENCES
Books& Journals
Baumgärtel, C., 2012. Myths, questions, facts about generic drugs in the EU.GaBI J.1(1). pp.34-
38.
Determann, L., 2012. Social media privacy: a dozen myths and facts.Stan. Tech. L. Rev..2012.
pp.7-10.
Dreyfus, H. L., 2016. What Computers Can’t Do: A Critique of Artificial Reason.
Hoeher, P.A. and Wo, T., 2011. Superposition modulation: myths and facts.IEEE
Communications Magazine.49(12).
Hovy, E., Navigli, R. and Ponzetto, S. P., 2013. Collaboratively built semi-structured content and
Artificial Intelligence: The story so far. Artificial Intelligence. 194. pp.2-27.
Huppertz, B.I.F.P.A., 2010. IFPA award in placentology lecture: biology of the placental
syncytiotrophoblast–myths and facts.Placenta.31, pp.S75-S81.
Jansen, M., Peters, R. and Salazar-Xirinachs, J.M., 2011.Trade and employment: From myths to
facts. International Labour Office.
Kodratoff, Y. and Michalski, R. S., 2014. Machine learning: an artificial intelligence approach
(Vol. 3). Morgan Kaufmann.
Korbicz, J. and et.al., 2012. Fault diagnosis: models, artificial intelligence, applications.
Springer Science & Business Media.
Marocolo, M., da Mota, G.R., Simim, M.A.M. and Coriolano, H.J.A., 2016. Myths and facts
about the effects of ischemic preconditioning on performance.International journal of
sports medicine.37(02). pp.87-96.
Michalski and et. al., 2013. Machine learning: An artificial intelligence approach. Springer
Science & Business Media.
Milne, D. and Witten, I. H., 2013. An open-source toolkit for mining Wikipedia. Artificial
Intelligence. 194. pp.222-239.
Nilsson, N. J., 2014. Principles of artificial intelligence. Morgan Kaufmann.
Zhou and et.al., 2012. Multi-instance multi-label learning. Artificial Intelligence. 176(1).
pp.2291-2320.
Online
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Artificial Intelligence. 2017. [Online]. Available through:
<http://www.datamation.com/applications/pros-and-cons-of-artificial-intelligence.html>.
[Accessed on 25th May 2017].
ASSIGNMENT 2
INTRODUCTION
The innovation means to create or to develop a new idea to improve any product or
service in organisation. Innovation helps in creating the value to customers. The meaning of
technology management is that it is the set of management disciplines that allow company to
manage their fundamentals related to applications. (Lin, 2011). As per the given case study, it is
mentioned that APPLE lost the fight of trademark in China. Xintong Tiandi is a seller of leather
goods and products with the name of IPHONE on them. Xintong Tiandi can continue to use the
phrase of IPHONE on leather goods or products. Main objective of the trademark is to provide
better protection of goods or services and also, to prevent the use of fraudulent marks which are
related to goods or services. The main objective of this study to know about the trademark and
copyright.
Literature review
According to Lin (2011), it has been examined that the copyright and trademark are the
legal protection for those people who innovate new concepts or new ideas along with the
products and services. Copyright and trademark both have the legal right. The meaning of
copyright is that it provides exclusive legal right to company. This copyright is provided to the
originator for some fixed years. The copyright does not apply on the published work and that are
printed and the formally. On the other hand, trademark means that it is the recognised sign or
design which helps in identifying the services and products of particular source. Trademark and
copyright both are the legal registrations. They are the symbols that distinguish services or goods
of the one particular company to another (Johnston and Marshall 2016). Every country has its
own system of the trademark. The ethics are very important in copyright and trademark. The
They both are the intellectual property. It is necessary for company to get registered the name
under copyright and trademark of company. Sometimes, the ethical issues are involved in
countries for protecting the copyright and trademark. There are many ethical issues like for
instance:
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 A company uses the registered name of B on the products or services and this
name is already registered by other country. Then in this case, B company files
the case on the B company. And the B companydo the unethical work. And it is
the under the ethical issues.
 If the company have the legal authority means trademark or the copyright, then
the company can not misuse the copyright and the trademark in the illegal work
(Lin, 2011).
 If the registered company wants to share or give copyright to other firm without
any registration, it is not legal. And it is the reason of creating the ethical issues.
 The copyright is for particular time period. If copyright of company is expired and
company works after expiration, then it is void and it creates the legal issues.
Company should have licence to run the business. Without licence, if company
run its business then in this case, it is illegal and also unethical.
 If company does the misuse of copyright and trademark then it is illegal and
unethical as well as government will definitely cancel the license and can also file
the case against business.
The objectives behind copyright and trademark is that company have legal right to use
the name on its goods and on the services. There is a theory that is “ the great god theory”.
According to Santamaría, 2014, it is examined that, the meaning of this theory is the
Utilitarianism. And the Utilitarianism means that it is a ethical theory that shows the best action
to increase the utility. This theory is also called as the politician's dodge, the culprits excuse,
murderer's solace and the other metaphors, because it is like the scapegoat and the people run
every time and make the decision effective and efficient.
In this case study, the APPLE company lost this case. Xintong Tiandi used the trademark
of IPHONE on its leather products like leather bags, mobile cover cases in the China. After that,
APPLE files the case or Trademark bid which is related to the electronic products or the goods
but after sometime (Hepburn-Briscoe , 2011). it was not approved till the year 2013. from this
the APPLE is dissatisfied and after that the APPLE company request to the Supreme People's
Court and also continue to protect or to save the rights related to the trademark. For the APPLE
Company, it was the very disappointing with the ruling. The APPLE company worked very hard
to make the products and the company wants or expected that the most of the customers will use
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tits products and the services. And fromase add more references as my supervisor said I need to
add more references this the company earn the more and more profit and it would be beneficial
for the APPLE company. The Xintong Tiandi deals in selling the mobile phone covers,
handbags which are made by the leather and many other goods which are made by the leather
with the name of the IPHONE, the IPHONE is the m,ark of the APPLE company,n and the trade
symbol of this company is denoted through the R. The APPLE company filed the case against
the authority of the Chinese trademark. And it was failed because the APPLE company could not
proof that this company is the well known company and the well known brand in the China.
The APPLE company filed the case against the company then in this case the APPLE company
lost the case and the court of China was in favour of the Xintong Tiandi. The Apple company
lost the case because at that time this company was not the well known company. And from this
there is the ethical issue created because the Xintong Tiandi company uses the name of the
APPLE company in to its leather goods or the products like the mobile phones cases and the
leather cases (Davenport, 2013).
Critical evaluation
In the view of Hepburn-Briscoe, A (2011) APPLE company was facing the many
difficulties in the China. The APPLE company suffered from the loss and its result was to shut
down the iTunes and the iBooks from the IPHONES in the China country. But after some time
the APPLE company grows rapidly in the market of the China and now this company is the
second largest company in the market of the china. And this company is in the second largest
product selling company in the China.
On other hand, in accordance with the view of Stim, R. (2016) IPHONE company should
be use some ways to protect the copyright. For protect its copyright, company should uses these
steps:
Notices of copyright- The notice related to the copyright should be liable, reliable and
also the legal. In the form of the notice involves the actual meaning of the copyright should be
mentioned, the symbol of the copyright is should be mentioned, the name of the real owner
should also mentioned, the form includes the year of the copyright and also includes the expiry
date of the copyright (Halpern, and Port 2011). There should be use of the phonogram symbol.
It is not necessar7yu that the owner is the individual, but the owner can be the organization or the
collective.
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