Historical Timeline: Aryan Expansion from Sumer to Persia

This assignment presents a timeline of the Aryan Expansion, beginning with the Sumerians in Mesopotamia around 3200 B.C., detailing their advancements in architecture, agriculture, and city development, including the famous city of Uruk. The timeline progresses through key historical periods such as the construction of the Giza pyramid complex in ancient Egypt (2686 B.C. – 1090 B.C.), highlighting the architectural skills and achievements of the ancient Egyptians. It then covers Hammurabi's reign and the unification of Mesopotamia (1792 B.C.), the Hebrew Exodus from Egypt (1290 B.C.), the beginning of the Iron Age (1200 B.C.), and finally, the establishment of the Persian Empire (549 B.C.). Each event is accompanied by a brief description and relevant references, offering a concise overview of significant historical developments and civilizations throughout this period. This document is available on Desklib, a platform providing students with AI-based study tools, including past papers and assignment solutions.

Aryan Expansion
Timeline Asst. GD

Sumerians Settled in Mesopotamia (3200 B.C.)
URUK was famous for their cities agriculture and making the mud bricks around. They have
journey number of mud bricks and metropolis buildings which are brought by the traders and
investors, who came from the different war (Foster, 1981). They are also famous for joint
columns and temples. The above mentioned picture is about the celebration of king’s victory and
their wisdom.
2686 B.C. – 1090 B.C.
The Giza pyramid complex is ancient Egypt architecture which is formed by the ancient
architect. Ancient Egyptians are famous for their designs as well as the skills of their pyramid
where the civilization is formed in ancient North Africa (Magli, 2003). There are various type of
achievements which are gained by the ancient Egypt in which include the pairing servicing and

construction of different techniques which support the buildings and monuments like pyramids
temples and the pyramid of Giza is amongst them. They also prefer to manufacture the material
goods which reflect the increasing power of wealth and elite within these type of societies in
ancient Egyptian.
1792 B.C. Hammurabi United Mesopotamia
Hammurabi was famous for their earliest and most recent written legal course these codes are
proclaimed by the Babylonian kings Hammurabi. These are generally belonging to 1992 to 1950
BC. According to some research and findings it is also identified that it expanded the city States

to the Babylon along the river to unite all the southern Mesopotamia. It is a journal believe that
this meant for or a judgement for the punishment and meeting the requirements of justice within
the society ( Charpin, 2012).
Hebrew Exodus from Egypt (1290 B.C.)
This can be defined as an old myth of Israelites. There are some famous books which are based
on this. This books Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, the last four of the first five
books of the bible. These all are directly related to the myth of enslavement within Israel and
ancient Egypt. This is the story which is related to the exodus which told about this type of books
and they are in number four and five. (Kitchen, 2017).
Iron Age begins (1200 B.C.)

The Iron Age begins around 1200BC in the Mediterranean region near the East with the
collapse of different prominent civilizations. Include number of civilizations from Greece and
HAITHI Empire in Turkey. These all are related to the iron are but the most famous thing of this
age is the Bronze Age kingdoms which remain all clear in all the conflicts. Iron AGE is also
famous for its battles as well as different type of materials invention which are related to
corporate in use which also started the use of bronze. (Maddin, Muhly and Wheeler, 1977).
Persian Empire established (549 B.C.)

Persian Empire establishment is come into the existence in 539 B.C.E. when King Cyrus
decided to increase the limits of Persia. For this he started with contouring Babylon. Is the only
king who is known for his mercy not for his crew reality that's why there is some famous story
about him. In this story allowed the Hebrew. To live a free life, even after he defeated him and
prisoned with him after the victory on Babylon. This economy always believe in going with
different economic where after the victory on these economy then never destroy them they
always use this economy for self-games as well as help the economy to grow for increasing the
trade within the kingdom. That's why they are known for their kindness as well as economies
(Kuhrt, 2013).

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Foster, B., 1981. A new look at the Sumerian temple state. Journal of the Economic and Social
History of the Orient/Journal de l'histoire economique et sociale de l'Orient, pp.225-
241.
Magli, G., 2003. On the astronomical orientation of the IV dynasty Egyptian pyramids and the
dating of the second Giza pyramid. arXiv preprint physics/0307100.
Charpin, D., 2012. Hammurabi of Babylon. Bloomsbury Publishing
Kitchen, K.A., 2017. Egyptians and Hebrews, from Ra ‘amses to Jericho. In The Origin of Early
Israel-Current Debate (pp. 65-132). Routledge.
Maddin, R., Muhly, J.D. and Wheeler, T.S., 1977. How the iron age began. Scientific
American, 237(4), pp.122-131.
Kuhrt, A., 2013. The Persian Empire: a corpus of sources from the Achaemenid period.
Routledge.