Maintaining a Healthy, Safe, and Secure Working Environment in Healthcare Settings

This document provides information on maintaining a healthy, safe, and secure working environment in healthcare settings. It covers topics such as identifying potential risks, using risk assessments, reducing the spread of infection, summoning immediate help in an emergency, and reporting incidents to health, safety, and security. The document also includes key legislation, responsibilities of different roles, and ways to access relevant methods and resources.

Assessment-
Unit4

Table of Contents
Part 1: Know how to assist in maintaining a healthy; safe and secure working environment.........4
1.1 Identify potential risks to health, safety and security in healthcare settings..........................4
1.2. Risks and action....................................................................................................................5
1.3 Key legislation.......................................................................................................................6
1.4 Key responsibilities held by each of the roles.......................................................................7
1.5. Ways of accessing particular methods..................................................................................9
Part 2: Use of risk assessments in relation to health and safety....................................................10
2.1 Definition.............................................................................................................................10
2.2 Steps carrying out in a risk assessment................................................................................11
2.3 Identified risks that should be reported................................................................................13
Part 3: How to reduce the spread of infection in healthcare settings.............................................13
3.1 Describe ways in which own health and hygiene might pose a risk to an individual or to
others..........................................................................................................................................13
3.2 Describe routes via which infection can enter the body......................................................14
3.3 Hand washing technique that should be practiced...............................................................14
3.4 Different types of personal protective equipment (PPE) can reduce infection....................15
3.5 Describe the circumstances when employees would be advised to stay away from
workplace...................................................................................................................................15
Part 4: How to summon immediate help in an emergency............................................................16
4.1 Identification of situations that may need an emergency.....................................................16
4.2 Describe the process for summoning immediate help in an emergency..............................16
4.3 Outline the actions that could be taken to contain the emergency until help arrives...........17
Part 5: Understand the need for, and ways of reporting incidents to health, safety and security. .18
5.1 Explain the importance of accurate and timely reporting of incidents ...............................18

5.2 Explain the method use to report an incident in healthcare organization............................19

Part 1: Know how to assist in maintaining a healthy; safe and secure
working environment
1.1 Identify potential risks to health, safety and security in healthcare settings
Environment: The welfare and safety groups would be detrimental to society if these
sustainability efforts were simply to secure the primary responsibility. Ecological and social
impact should be part of society's overall approach, not just risk.
1.Natural disasters: These are relates with the uncertainty on which peoples don't have any
control over it,this includes natural calamities which can occur any phase of time earthquake,
hurricanes,flood, fire and some kind of explosions etc.
2.Employees health and wellness: For the organization employees are there assets cause all the
working depends upon the workforce of the company so there is a need to take care about the
safety for employees by keeping them healthy and happy in respect for the welfare of healthcare
and safety point of view.
Individuals: Patient safety is the control of medical services evolved by the evolving
multicolored nature of medical service calls and the subsequent increase of patient abuse in
medical care offices. It is about preventing and reducing the risks, errors and harms that patients
face when arranging medical services. The essence of relentless development control is to get rid
of mistakes and unpredictable opportunities.
1.Privacy risk: This risk involves with the issue of leaking the personal information of the patient
by didn't work on the security statement here the information of the patient can be leaked in the
formation of any documentation process which will be again the problem of an patient by not
take care of the personal information of patient .
2.Facility management: In an healthcare industry the main aspect is to provides the facilities
which relates with the hospital regarding the patient hygiene, the risk involves in that if the
hospital will not regularly maintain the factor of cleanliness in the hospital this will leads top
spread of germs and illness in the hospital.

Information and its use: To support consistency in welfare practices, it is important that
executives remember leaders and employees to change dynamic cycles and conduct regular
authoritative implementation reviews. Routine inspections provide a unique indication of
whether a society has achieved its planned results. In addition, operators can use this data to
change different ranking arrangements.
1.2. Risks and action
Risk Action that can be taken to reduce risk
Risk 1 – Lack of first aid experience
Risk 2 – Unmanned reception desk
Risk 3 –No hand washing resources available
Risk 4 – Dealing independently with a
difficult patient
Providing proper training of first aid.
To reduce this risk; an automated digital
machine which can solve common query of
visitors can be install.
Hiring responsible person to supervise
cleanliness, hygiene and important stuff at
toilet.
Hiring security guard or hospital
superintendent can reduce this risk.

1.3 Key legislation
Key legislation Purpose within the health sector
1. Health and Safety at Work
Act 1974
The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 states bosses are
answerable for ensuring the wellbeing of their representatives
at work, by forestalling possible perils in the working
environment. It places general obligations on businesses to
guarantee the wellbeing, security and government assistance,
everything being equal, while at work. It additionally puts
Health and Safety obligations on the occupiers of structures,
contractual workers, makers and representatives to guarantee
their own security in the work environment, alongside that of
their partners. Adherence to this law is fundamental to
legitimate Health and Safety in the working environment. It
is likewise the critical bit of enactment utilized in criminal
indictments. This is the principal bit of Health and Safety
Law that other enactment expands upon.
2. Health and Safety
Information for Employees
Regulations 1989
Employers must ensure that information relating to health,
safety and welfare is given to employees through the Health
and Safety Law Poster.
3. Safety Representatives
and Safety Committees
Regulations 1977
Details the requirements for the appointment and consultation
with Trades Union Safety Representative and the
establishment of Health and Safety Committees where
requested.
4. Management of Health
and Safety at Work
Regulations 1999
Expect bosses to evaluate the Health and Safety dangers to
representatives and other people who might be influenced by
work exercises. Courses of action should be made for the
successful arranging, association, control, checking and audit
of preventive and defensive measures. Workers should be
educated regarding defensive measures and the business

should designate at least one Health and Safety capable
people.
1.4 Key responsibilities held by each of the roles
Role Key responsibilities
Employee Hold fast to concurred methods of working, arrangements and strategies
– on the off chance that you don't work in the manner that your manager
demands, it could bring about harm or damage, just as overstep the law.
Report any dangers, dangers or concerns promptly – all risks should be
accounted for to your administrator quickly, regardless of whether you
can make them protected without help. This permits the chief to research
why it occurred so that measures can be set up to keep it from happening
once more.
Utilize Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as educated by your boss –
if your manager expects you to utilize PPE, you should do as such and
you should guarantee you use it in consistence with your boss' concurred
methods of working.
Try not to come into work in the event that you are debilitated – on the
off chance that you have an infectious sickness, you ought to secure
others by remaining at home until you are well once more. Likewise, on
the off chance that you have a condition that keeps you from playing out
some part of your job (for example you have pulled your back or you are
utilizing prescription that keeps you from driving), you should report this
to your administrator right away.
Comprehend the extension your job – you ought to guarantee that you
understand what you should or shouldn't do as a component of your
work job. For instance, you ought not perform Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation (CPR) without the applicable first preparing (except if you
are told to do as such by a crisis responder).

Employer Provide basic preparation: Leaders should provide well-being and safety
by preparing their employees just as appropriately by preparing for any
mistakes they make as part of their work (e.g. 'use of cranes, throwing
away hazardous waste and so on) Training also includes access to
relevant data and guidance.
Provide safety and warning signs: Clan chiefs should provide signs
warning people in the work environment of the expected dangers. Risk
assessments will improve if, when and where signage is required.
Provide adequate working hardware - as a result, bosses should provide
any basic equipment for free. The company should also make sure that
everything is maintained and if problems are found, the equipment is
repaired or replaced.
Provide well-being and warning signs: Managers should provide signs
warning people in the workplace of the expected dangers. Risk
assessments will be prepared if, when and where signage is required.
Provide Emergency Care Offices: Businesses should provide workplace
medical care offices for use in the event of an accident.
Provide Government Support Offices: Companies should provide
government support offices, for example, hand washing stations.
Report incidents, diseases or dangerous occurrences - managers should
report them to the Department of Health and Safety (HSE)
Report emergency strategies: leaders should make arrangements in the
event of an emergency (eg fire evacuation plan, emergency coverage and
off-site courses)
Others within the
work setting
Have a reasonable view of themselves and others: they must not
endanger themselves or others
Report Hazards and Risks: If an individual identifies a hazard, they must
report it to an individual by staff

Authorization for wellness and safety systems - for example, hand
washing, marking in the guest book
Organizational resources:
The additional support with regard to health and safety can be accessed through handbook,
policies and procedures and asking directly the manager.
Handbook: Handbook provides all the information’s and terms associated with health and safety,
with reference to the real life examples.
Policies and Procedures: It gives support on what are do’s and what don’ts; it also guide health
institutions in taking right step towards health and safety.
Asking directly the manager: Managers have years of experience; they understand about policies
and are best sources to get knowledge about.
External sources:
In external sources, websites and online hse links can be considered.
1.5. Ways of accessing particular methods
Method Group or
organization
offering
support
Description of this service
Online WHO This course gives data on the thing offices should do to be
set up to react to an instance of an arising respiratory
infection, for example, the novel Covid, how to distinguish a
case once it happens, and how to appropriately actualize IPC
measures to guarantee there is no further transmission to
HCW or to different patients and others in the medical care
office.
Directly
via
CDC It is to be known as Centers for Disease Control &
Prevention which is also a public health agency as well as

telephone health institute headquartered in U.S. Also, it is easy to
directly contact with them with their CDC-INFO (800-232-
4636) number. Also, they are always available for answering
questions of queries asked by public regarding health issues.
It provides health related information & protection to people
against dangerous health threats. CDC is agency with aim of
providing safety to health & they are being funded by U.S
government.
Within a
healthcare
organizatio
n
Health care
organizations
Wellbeing frameworks in medical care associations try to
forestall mischief to patients, their families and companions,
medical services experts, contract-administration laborers,
volunteers, and the numerous others whose exercises bring
them into a medical care setting. Security is one part of
value, where quality incorporates dodging preventable
mischief, yet in addition making fitting consideration
accessible—offering successful types of assistance to the
individuals who could profit by them and not offering
insufficient or hurtful types of assistance. Health care sector
again helped in the formation of assisting to particular
individual having the motive to create the environment of
well being by creating the knowledge in the source of quality
work in the organization which relates with the healthcare by
maintaining the aspect of the hospitals value.
For health reference & concern, I will contact to WHO for related information and
answers. It is because WHO is being largest public health care organization who provide all
details for health related issues or diseases.

Part 2: Use of risk assessments in relation to health and safety
2.1 Definition
Hazard
A hazard is a possible wellspring of damage. Substances, occasions, or conditions can comprise
dangers when their temperament would permit them, even only hypothetically, to make harm
wellbeing, life, property, or some other interest of significant worth. The likelihood of that
mischief being acknowledged in a particular occurrence, joined with the extent of expected
damage, make up its danger, a term frequently utilized equivalently in informal discourse. Risks
can be grouped severally. They can be named characteristic, anthropogenic, innovative, or any
mix consequently, for example, on account of the normal marvel of out of control fire getting
more normal because of human-made environmental change or more hurtful because of changes
in building rehearses. A typical subject across numerous types of risks is the presence of put
away energy that, when delivered, can cause harm. Put away energy can happen in numerous
structures: synthetic, mechanical, warm, radioactive, electrical, and so on
Risk
In straightforward terms, hazard is the chance of something awful occurring. Danger includes
vulnerability about the impacts/ramifications of an action concerning something that people
esteem, (for example, wellbeing, prosperity, riches, property or the climate), regularly zeroing in
on contrary, unfortunate results. A wide range of definitions have been proposed. The global
standard meaning of danger for basic comprehension in various applications is "impact of
vulnerability on targets". The comprehension of danger, the techniques for evaluation and the
board, the depictions of danger and even the meanings of danger vary in various practice zones
(business, financial matters, climate, money, data innovation, wellbeing, protection, wellbeing,
security and so on) This article gives connects to more itemized articles on these zones.

2.2 Steps carrying out in a risk assessment
Step Description
1. Identify the hazards Check producers' directions or information
sheets for synthetics and gear as they can be
useful in illuminating the dangers and placing
them in their actual point of view. Make sure
to consider long haul perils to wellbeing (eg
elevated levels of commotion or presentation
to hurtful substances) just as security risks.
2. Decide who might be harmed and how For each peril you should be clear about who
may be hurt; it will assist you with
recognizing the most ideal method of dealing
with the danger. That doesn't mean posting
everybody by name, yet rather distinguishing
gatherings of individuals (eg 'individuals
working in the storeroom' or 'passers-by').
For each situation, distinguish how they may
be hurt, for example what kind of injury or
medical affliction may happen. For instance,
'rack stackers may experience the ill effects
of continued lifting of boxes'.
3. Evaluate the risks and decide on
precautions
Having recognized the dangers, you at that
point need to settle on some solution for. The
law expects you to do everything 'sensibly
practicable' to shield individuals from hurt.
You can work this out for yourself, yet the
simplest path is to contrast what you are
doing and acceptable practice. To begin with,
see what you're as of now doing; consider
what controls you have set up and how it is

coordinated. At that point contrast this and
the great practice and check whether there's
more you should do to bring yourself up to
standard.
4. Record findings and implement them Incorporating the consequences of your
danger evaluation will have any kind of
effect when taking care of individuals and
your gathering pledges occasion. Recording
the consequences of your danger evaluation,
and sharing them, urges you to do this. When
recording your outcomes, keep it basic, for
instance 'Stumbling over trash: containers
gave, staff educated, and week by week
housekeeping checks'.
5. Review your risk assessment and update
if necessary
Things are probably going to change between
first leading your danger appraisal and your
raising money occasion. It bodes well in this
way, to audit what you are doing on a
continuous premise. Take a gander at your
danger evaluation and consider whether there
have been any changes? Are there upgrades
you actually need to make? Have others
detected an issue? Have you taken in
anything from mishaps or close to misses?
Ensure your danger appraisal keeps awake to
date.
2.3 Identified risks that should be reported
Potential risk How/ when to report it

1. Concerns about
confidentiality/
disclosure
 Contact with line managers
 Data controller need to consult data protection
commissioner
2. General health and
safety concerns
 Report to line manager
 Line manager will investigate and deal with matter.
3. Moving and handling  Line manager to refer to moving & handling assessor or
to report more senior.
 Consider amending assessments
Part 3: How to reduce the spread of infection in healthcare settings
3.1 Describe ways in which own health and hygiene might pose a risk to an
individual or to others
Risks:
1. Organisms spread effectively in medical services because of actual contact between medical
care experts, patients and family members. Keeping a decent close to home cleanliness
essentially diminishes the danger of cross-pollution and transmission of infectious diseases.
2. Hands are the fundamental pathway of germ transmission during medical care. Great and
compelling hand cleanliness is along these lines one of the main strides to evade the transmission
of hurtful germs and forestall medical services related contaminations.
3. Off base procedures of hacking and sniffling could spread germs in encompassing and thus
dangerous for other people.
3.2 Describe routes via which infection can enter the body
Route into the body Area(s) of the body where route can appear
1. Direct contact Mouth, Eyes, Nose and skin are the most sensitive part of the body
should be carefully treated in order to overcome with the diseases,

again direct contact can leads to the infected in result which will
develop the infection more serious.
2. Airborne Mouth, eyes, nose , Airborne diseases are the one which can affect
these body parts through spreading into the air there is a need to take
care of these sensitive areas.
3. Oral Mouth is the oral aspect through which infection can enter into the
body this direct contact will results in the serious problem because of
the infection directly goes into the body.
3.3 Hand washing technique that should be practiced
Hand washing step Description
Step 1
Wet your hands with clean, running water, turn off the tap.
Step 2
Apply soap and lather well for 20 seconds (or longer if the dirt is
ingrained).
Step 3
Rub hands together rapidly across all surfaces of your hands and
wrists. If possible, remove rings and watches before you wash your
hands, or ensure you move the rings to wash under them, as
microorganisms can exist under them.
Step 4
Rinse well under running water and make sure all traces of soap are
removed.

Step 5
Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them
Step 6
Dry under any rings, as they can be a source of future contamination
if they remain moist. Hot air driers can be used.
3.4 Different types of personal protective equipment (PPE) can reduce
infection
Item of PPE Purpose within a healthcare setting
1. Gloves Protects the hands, gloves provides protection through by covering the
hands in that way by which virus cannot by enter into it this will leads to
the protective element which are followed in the healthcare management
too, by covering the hands with the gloves.
2. Gowns Protect the skin from infection by taking the security of the gowns
covering in respect to cover the body parts which can be affected through
the virus , so by using the gowns will protect the healthcare persons as
well as patients in the hospitals.
3. Mask Protect Airborne medium and oral disease , masks in the protection aspect
plays an important role by which we can protect from the airborne
diseases .
3.5 Describe the circumstances when employees would be advised to stay
away from workplace
Example 1: Colds and flu spread more effectively in cold virus months than when they thrive in
a colder, wetter climate. More people are polluted by colds and fans in the winter. So far you
have a higher risk of catching colds and the flu at work, as it is almost certain that your partners

will have lice and parasites that can give the grind away. This means that you need to take a
break from work in the winter to recover from a cold or flu, which can affect your deadlines and
your efficiency at work.
Example 2 Smallpox is an infectious infection caused by varicella-zoster disease. It mainly
affects children, but can also be caused by adults. The characteristic of smallpox is a mild rash
with red levels. It can be spread effectively, and agents contaminated with this disease are
encouraged to stay at home until they are treated well.
Part 4: How to summon immediate help in an emergency
4.1 Identification of situations that may need an emergency
A Patient:
1. If patient get heart attack than he strongly requires emergency response in the form of first aid
(Pumping his heart) and move to hospital and giving shock treatment as well as injection.
2. Struggling for breath.
A colleague:
1. If colleague gets an electric shock; in this situation he requires an emergency response.
2. Colleague fainted and not opening eyes even after smashing water on his face.
An intruder:
1. Situation where intruder met with road accident
2. Intruder dropped into water and unconscious
4.2 Describe the process for summoning immediate help in an emergency
Evacuate that place immediately and inform fire brigade as well as staff members of hospital and
admit that patient in emergency to get immediate first aid treatment.

4.3 Outline the actions that could be taken to contain the emergency until help
arrives
Step Description
1. Take care
Take care of young patient by checking whether she gets any
outer or internal bleeding. If so than cover tie some cloth above
affected area to stop the blood.
2. Prioritize
Care of patient will be prioritize first and evacuate that place
immediately.
3. Administer aid
First aid to the patient will be given
4. Alert
Alert the hospital staff about the situation
5. Inform
Inform fire brigade to control the fire to spread around.

Part 5: Understand the need for, and ways of reporting incidents to
health, safety and security
5.1 Explain the importance of accurate and timely reporting of incidents
Occurrences and perceptions come in numerous kinds: wellbeing episodes and mishaps, close to
misses, natural perceptions, IT security episodes, cases and blemishes in office or in workplace.
The vast majority of us know when we see something in a bad way and the most smart of us
even accomplish the work to fix it, which we call remedial activity measure.
The following are the reasons why it is essential to keep exact and convenient revealing of
episodes:
1. Minor occurrences and perceptions help to discover why genuine episodes don't happen
Most episode report structures recognize the boundaries that keep antagonistic circumstances
from forming into a significant mishap or catastrophe. For a huge scope this may mean the
shirking of ecological fiasco, for example, the Talvivaara case or simply a line among life and
passing of a worker. On a more modest scope we talk about perceptions that alleviate issues, for
example, word related illnesses or inconveniences or simply squander.
The bits of knowledge that are gathered are significant. They help wellbeing, security,
ecological, quality and office supervisors to distinguish where extra help is needed to ensure that
no significant occurrences occur.
2. Minor occurrences and perceptions mean more information to break down
Furthermore, it's the measure of perception as well as the recurrence of them that license the
quantitative investigation. Mishaps ordinarily start and create from atypical events. Hence they,
when all is said and done, give moderately little data about the chance of future occurrences.
Interestingly, the more and the higher recurrence of episodes, the more noteworthy bits of
knowledge they give of human mistake, frameworks disappointment, site examinations,
administrative shortcomings and so on
3. Occurrences and perceptions keep us mindful
They give a token of potential perils. Revealing them give an approach to screen expected issues
and main drivers as they repeat. The documentation of these issues and main drivers improves

the probability that rehashing disappointments will be seen and rectified before they create to
more genuine occurrences.
4. Input from occurrences keep the spectators on board
Occurrence detailing gives an approach to support worker cooperation in progress whether it's
about wellbeing, quality, ecological or security. Everybody can see that their interests are dealt
with genuinely and are followed up on by the association. In the end the way of life of progress
can be made with two-way correspondence and everybody being essential for it.
5. Exercises learned inside the association and benchmarks between ventures
The assembled information can be utilized for correlations both inside and among associations
and enterprises. Despite the fact that the occurrence classifications and types vary between
ventures, verticals and even capacities, the propensity for staying alert in the field and recording
the perceptions is the equivalent.
5.2 Explain the method use to report an incident in healthcare organization
a) Methods use to report:
1. Near Miss
2. Adverse Events
3. Sentinal Events
4. NHS – Ring 111 would help people to assess the services over the phone; it will help the
health institute in knowing either there’s any requirement for emergency or it can be solved with
routine visit to the GP.
b) Incident report form
Incident Where did it
happen? (Which
department? Which
local authority?)
What was being
carried out at the
time of the incident?
What time did the
incident occur?
Patient slipped on a
wet floor
Hospital Floor was cleaned
with spillage of water
Morning between 9am
to 10am.

at the time in morning
this incident will
happen he didn't seen
that water flow which
results in accident.
Did the incident result in an
accident?
What was the accident? Explain how the accident
occurred
Yes Patient get elbow and back
injury due to hardness of the
floor
Due to slipped on a wet floor .
Injured person’s name Injured person’s address Injured person’s job title
Mark Spenser London Patient
Injuries sustained by the
person
Severity What part of the body is
affected?
Elbow and back injury Its moderate injury
recoverable within a week
Elbow and back

To report incident in organization, I will use adverse events as a method. This is because
it is mainly concerned with unfavorable health related issues which can occur to a individual.
Reporting in healthcare organization is essential as it helps in keeping proper record of person &
helps them in accessing to recovery process of issues which has been encountered. The process
of reporting of incident in healthcare firm is further discussed below-
Type of incident
Address
Date of incident
Time of incident
Name of affected person
Injuries
Treatments required, if any
Witness statement
Video, picture of scene
After completion of reporting procedure, I will report to health administrators who will
be submitting health report for further process. It is crucial to fill up this all details on basis of
which it will be easy for health care organization coordinators to start cure process or provide
appropriate medicines for same.
It is duty of reporting person to make assure that form is being filled so that report is
further processed properly. Reporting incident need to be done in effective manner so that
everything is being done with proper considerations.