Construction Industry Specialisms and their Roles in Building a School

Running head: ASSIGNMENT 1 1
Higher National Certificate/Diploma in Construction and The Built Environment
F. Khan
Institution

ASSIGNMENT 1 2
Task 1
1. Show briefly how the construction industry has developed into a lot of specialist companies
with different knowledge skills and facilities who cooperate to construct. List the
specialisms like soil engineering, structural engineering, woodworkers, etc. that will work
together to build the school. Show how these different trades work together to build the
school. Use this is a case study to analyze and critically evaluate how the industry has
developed into larger general companies interspersed by smaller specialist units.
In any construction works, a variety of construction works exists which their successful
implementations require unique and specific skill sets. The skill sets identify different
specializations or roles, for instance, geotechnical specialists, environmentalists, designers,
engineers, management and supervisions, finance coordination and planning, repair and
maintenance, roofing, woodworking and at times demolition experts, etc. (Gould & Joyce,
2014). In this regard, different specialisms come together bringing in the respective skills to
build the required structure in a manner that suits the owner ‘s specifications and use, such as a
junior school. The different specialisms areas discussed in the following sections below:
i. Contractor
A constructor plays out the development work as per the plans and particulars are given
by the proprietor and is required to be authorized by state law. A general contractor
foremost business is the execution of the development work as per the plans and details
of the proprietor. A general contractual worker assumes full liability for the fruition of
the venture. The general temporary worker will typically subcontract out a considerable
piece of the work while keeping up in general control through onsite supervision and
project managers (McCarthy, 2010).
ii. Architect and civil engineering
Either or both come up with the designs to be utilized by the development of contractual
workers. The plans give the fundamental detail (measurements, materials to be utilized,
area of installations, and so forth.) to the contractors. At the point when the task is
begun, the civil engineer or architect may screen the contractor’s advancement and
frequently affirms advance installments to the contractual workers. The designer or

ASSIGNMENT 1 3
specialist will make adjustments (change orders) in the plans as required. Change orders
are compos of modifications to the agreement, which increment or lessening the all-out
contract value paid to the development of contractual workers.
iii. Soil engineering.
Soil engineering is greatly applied in foundation design to ensure stability of the built
structure by considering the soil bearing capacity and the existing soil characteristics.
Soil engineering hence involves analysis of the soil structure at the building site so as to
comprehend issues of existing structures because of states of the ground underneath
them. A soil engineer explores and breaks down a site for such characteristics as soil
qualities, organization, and waste (LOCK, 2018). Soil engineering likewisconsiderser
the weight-bearing limit of the ground under a structure's establishment. They assess the
probability that the structure will settle or move after some time. This identifies s a need
to either reinforce the foundation or replace unsuitable soils with suitable soil materials
capable of supporting structure, especially where expansive soils exist and the weight of
the structure is high.
iv. Structural engineering.
These are civil engineers who are centered around the constructional and engineering
reliability of different kinds of constructions. As a basic specialist, their principal
objective will be to guarantee that the construction can withstand a wide range of stress.
They contribute majorly towards ensuring the g the safety and efficiency of the built
structure. In this ca,so they will come up with the level of reinforcements needed,
materials for use, appropriate designs for the foundations, structural elements such as
beams, columns, slabs sizing and numb, r, etc.
v. Woodworkers
They design wood elements of the structure such as wooden doors and windows
cabinets, timber frames, anmanych advanced ones are involved the n the building of
wooden trusses when specified in the design (o135, 2016). Woodworkers also install
locks especially on doors and secure cabinets during their working.
vi. Electrical engineering
Electrical engineering involves design, testing and developing of electrical appliances
and appearances such as wires, bulbs, alarm systems, wiring electrically installation, n,

ASSIGNMENT 1 4
etc. depending on the needs of the projects, they are in charge of all electrical works on
site (Needler, Southam, Barker, Cordner, & Bolder, 2015).
vii. Mechanical engineering.
Mechanical engineering centers around the examination, plan, and improvement of
mechanical gadgets. Such specialists have an exhaustive comprehension of movement,
vitality, heat exchange, and mechanical technology (Needler, Southam, Barker,
Cordner, & Bolder, 2015). Mechanical architects need explanatory and basic reasoning
aptitudes to have the capacity to break down an issue and afterward structure
mechanical items and frameworks to fix it.
Task 2
1. Outline how the construction of a junior school on a site of an old factory building would
involve the skills and specialisms outlined in task 1 assuming that building permission was
in place.
 architect and civil engineer: developing plans and designs for the new Junior school and
building services such as ventilation, walkways, stairs, class sizes and access, s, etc.
(Pinto, 2019).
 contractor: execution of the civil engineer designs and plans after approval of the client,
the civil engineer may from time to time supervise the progress of the work to ensure the
designs and plans are duly followed.
 soil engineering: conducts geotechnical investigations on the existing soils to determine
the suitability of the soil to support the proposed structures. Soil engineering also
propose he suitable foundation for use for the proposed structure. Given the site initially
was part of a factory structure, soil engineering would be determining the suitability of
the existing foundation and propose recommendations accordingly based on the findings
(Pinto, 2019).
 structural engineering: ensure the proposed structure achieves structural integrity while
ensuring its safety and efficiency for the proposed use (Pinto, 2019). Structural
engineering wilanalysees the stresses in the structure from which they would come up
with member designs of key structural elements such as beams, columns, slabs as well as