Assignment 2 – (50 marks).

Added on -2019-09-16

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Assignment 2 –(50 marks)1.Briefly describe the three categories of levers, an example of each and if each one works at an advantage or disadvantage. (3 marks)2.Name and describe the locations and actions of the muscles typically used in breathing. (4 marks)3.Briefly answer to the following questions: (4 marks)a.Describe four ways drugs can modify the effects of neurotransmitters.b.Describe the three ways neurotransmitters can be removed.c.Describe the two conditions that allow maintenance of the resting membrane potential in excitable cells.d.Briefly describe what causes the depolarizing phase.4.Answer to the following questions:a.Describe the gross external anatomy of the spinal cord. (3 marks)e.Identify the components of a spinal reflex arc, and describe the function of each. (3 marks)5.In 1848, a railroad worker named Phineas Gage was seriously injured during an explosion on the job. A tapered metal rod ranging from 0.25 inches to 1.25 inches in diameter and over 3 feet long entered his skull just under his left cheek bone and exited through the top of his skull. The rod was found over twenty feet away. Amazingly, Gage lived even though he suffered massive damage to the left front ofhis brain. His personality and intellectual abilities changed, however. Before the accident, he was respected as a smart, capable and even-tempered man. After theaccident, he was foul-mouthed and bad-tempered and could not make up his mind. In the years immediately preceding his death, he began to have epileptic seizures. Explain the changes observed in Mr. Gage based on your knowledge of the brain. (4 marks)

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