Health Promotion Nursing : Assignment

Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Research Proposal- “Promoting good health and prevention of chronic diseases by improving the
intake of fruits and vegetables young among adults between 30 and 40 years”
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:

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RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Table of Contents
1.0 Research Proposal Title.............................................................................................................3
2.0 Research Problem......................................................................................................................3
3.0 Background................................................................................................................................4
4.0 Gaps in knowledge....................................................................................................................7
5.0 Research question......................................................................................................................7
6.0 What needs to be known............................................................................................................7
7.0 Project aims and expected benefits............................................................................................9
7.1 Project aims...........................................................................................................................9
7.2 Expected benefits...................................................................................................................9
8.0 Research Methodology............................................................................................................10
8.1 Design..................................................................................................................................10
8.2 Setting..................................................................................................................................11
8.3 Sampling description and sample size.................................................................................11
8.4 Sampling method.................................................................................................................12
8.5 Sampling method, recruitment and retention.......................................................................12
8.6 Measures and materials........................................................................................................13
8.7 Procedures............................................................................................................................13

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RESEARCH PROPOSAL
8.8 Data analysis........................................................................................................................14
9.0 Ethical considerations..............................................................................................................15
10.0 Scope and limitations.............................................................................................................16
10. 1 Scope of the research study..............................................................................................16
10.2 Limitations of the research study.......................................................................................16
11.0 Budget....................................................................................................................................17
12.0 Timeline.................................................................................................................................18
References......................................................................................................................................19

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RESEARCH PROPOSAL
1.0 Research Proposal Title
“Promoting good health and prevention of chronic diseases by improving the intake of
fruits and vegetables young among adults between 30 and 40 years”
2.0 Research Problem
Intake of fruits as well as vegetables is essential part of healthy diet along with it is linked
to supply optimistic health outcomes. Those results included of lessen risk for the chronic
diseases furthermore benefited towards weight administration. As fruits and vegetables are
provided health benefits to the customers, therefore its intake are highly recommended. In 2013,
“The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization
(WHO)” suggested that the population can consume of about 400g of fruits on standard basis
(Torre et al., 2015). The problem is that higher number of people is suffering from chronic
diseases due to eating of fruits as well as vegetables in the diet. Both fruits and vegetables are
considered as important part of the human nutrition, therefore they are believed as vital causes of
nutrients in addition to nutritional fibre. It is uncertain whether potential of chronic diseases are
lessened by rising consumption of both fruits plus vegetables by the public (Ferruzza et al.,
2016). Approximately 10 million of aged people are suffering from poor health because of poor
intake of diets. It is investigated that broccoli has stronger protective effects from chronic
diseases, still lower percentage of public are recording minimal intake of vegetables in their diet.

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RESEARCH PROPOSAL
3.0 Background
In this research proposal, the researcher examined that factors which can contribute to
lower intake of fruits as well as vegetables in the diet. Nguyen et al., (2016) examined that there
are independent and dependent variables which are measured such that independent is intake of
fruits as well as vegetables and dependent is poor health as well as chronic diseases. The search
terms for this project report are fruits, vegetables, chronic diseases, broccoli, unhealthy habits
and young adults. The aim of the organization is to prevent diseases like cancer, diabetes plus
obesity. Wang et al., (2014) carried out the research study on higher intake of vegetables and
fruits for the aged people as it is analyzed that there is less consume of fruits as well as
vegetables which result into poor health in addition to chronic diseases. It is estimated that 6.7
million of deaths are attributed to insufficient consumption of fruits as well as vegetables.
Elevated blood pressure as well as cholesterol is the factors for heart diseases plus stroke (Nihtila
et al., 2016). The potassium which is provided by fruits as well as vegetables is demonstrated to
low blood pressure. Dietary fibre is used to reduce the blood pressure.
Consumption of eight dissimilar types of fruits and vegetables are effecting into reduction
of disappearing from diseases plus cancer with 31 percent in addition to 25 percent respectively.
Bauer et al., (2014) suggested that when consumption diet is low in fat, salt plus sugar, then
fruits and vegetables are helped to prevent unhealthy weight gain. Lippmann et al., (2014)
investigated that links between consumption of fruits as well as vegetables and type 2 diabetes
affect on the body weight. Dietary fibre is helpful for regulation of insulin that impact the threat
of type-2 diabetes with superior water content of fruits as well as vegetables help to lessen risk
related to overweight plus obesity. Antioxidants play a key significant role into reduction of

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RESEARCH PROPOSAL
cancer by prevention of oxidative damage to body cells (Members et al., 2014). Determinants of
consumption of fruits as well as vegetable among the children are parental consumption of food
and ease of use of fruits and vegetables at the home. Chomistek et al., (2015) estimated that 2.7
million of lives of people are saved each year if consumption of fruits and vegetables are
increasing. Bertoia et al., (2015) cited that vegetables such as broccoli and cauliflower are useful
for prevention of cancer.
Kunnumakkara (2015) researched that vegetables are more effective in reduction of
chronic diseases as compared to fruits. Fresh vegetables are more effective for reduction of the
heart diseases and cancer and reduces morality rate by 16 percent per portion. May et al., (2013)
argued that fresh fruits consist of stronger protective effect which is small as compared to fresh
vegetables. Due to lacking of diet, it leads to chronic diseases. Rekhy and McConchie (2014)
demonstrated that intake of fruits, vegetables and rate of morality for cancer is not
understandable to the audiences. Into developed and lower developed countries, cancer moreover
heart diseases are the reasons of death. This research study is agreed out on consequences of
fruits as well as vegetables on types of cancer plus chronic diseases. Wang et al., (2014) studied
the association between occurrence of chronic diseases, cancer and morality rate as compared to
intake of cooked and raw vegetables. In most of the research study, it is analyzed that raw
vegetables are protective as compared to cooked vegetables. Deierlein et al., (2014) carried out
an in-depth research on cooking process and observed that it provides effect on nutritional
characteristics of vegetables. Intake of raw and developed vegetables and fruits have no major
relationship to occurrence of chronic diseases among young, adults and aged people.
Nguyen et al., (2016) concluded that intake of raw vegetables provide positive effect and
reduce chronic diseases as contrasted to intake of ripe vegetables. Intake of uncooked fruits and