Management and Operations Report: BTEC Level 4 Unit 4

This report, prepared for a BTEC Level 4 Higher National Certificate in Business, Unit 4: Management & Operations, examines the roles of leaders and managers within an organization, focusing on leadership theories and their practical application. The report explores different leadership models, including situational, systems, and contingency theories, and their relevance to operational management. A significant portion of the report analyzes the Zara case study, evaluating the impact of leadership styles on employee motivation and operational efficiency. The report explains key approaches to operations management, such as Total Quality Management, Just-in-Time, and Six Sigma, and their significance in achieving business objectives. The analysis assesses the factors within the business environment that influence operational management and decision-making by leaders and managers. The report emphasizes the importance of aligning leadership strategies with organizational goals and operational requirements to drive success. Finally, the report provides a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between leadership and management in a contemporary business environment, highlighting the value of effective operations management in achieving business objectives and overall organizational success.

ASSIGNMENT
Management and Operations
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BTEC Level 4 Higher National Certificate in Business
Unit 4: Management & Operations
Centre Code: 01018
Learner Assessment Submission and Declaration
When submitting evidence for assessment, you must sign a declaration confirming that the
work is your own.
Learner
name: Ivanka Stanoeva Assessor
name: Syed Jeffery
Issue date: 11/01/2021 Submission
date: 11/04/2021 Submitted
on: 05/04/2021
Programme: BTEC Higher National Certificate in Business
Unit: Unit 4- Management & Operations
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Table of Contents
Introduction.....................................................................................................................................4
LO 2 Apply the role of a leader and the function of manager in given contexts............................5
P.2 Examine examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager apply in
different situational contexts.......................................................................................................5
P.3 Apply different theories and models of approach, including situational leadership, systems
leadership and contingency.........................................................................................................6
LO 3 Demonstrate an appreciation of the role leaders and managers play in the operations
function of an organisation..............................................................................................................7
P.4 Explain the key approaches to operations management and the role that leaders and
managers play..............................................................................................................................7
P.5 Explain the importance and value of operations management in achieving business
objectives.....................................................................................................................................8
LO 4 Demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between leadership and management in a
contemporary business environment.............................................................................................11
P.6 Assess the factors within the business environment that impact upon operational
management and decision-making by leaders and managers....................................................11
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................14
Reference.......................................................................................................................................15
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Introduction
Managing the company entails getting the various resources of the business to be applied to the
project, getting these resources to serve the main purpose of the project, and then managing
them. There is a lot of dependence on the management of the company to become a leader in the
industry. (or CEO and boss of a company are) the principal actors in the administration of an
organization. In addition to defining the overall mission and priorities, top-level management
identifies important goal (s) and factors (s) for an organization to accomplish, which may or may
not be exclusive to the various sections or divisions. Leaders influence certain variables to
facilitate their achievement of the organizational goals, but only in divisions where unique
objectives exist. When the leaders and administrators each fulfill their respective roles, an
organization is well equipped to be a market leader. The managerial and leadership positions and
features in this scenario are compared to the other organization's management and leadership
roles and contexts in this task.
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LO 2 Apply the role of a leader and the function of manager in given
contexts.
P.2 Examine examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a
manager apply in different situational contexts.
Examine Example
This assignment is an exemplary example for ZARA, where I am the ZARA team leader, but
there is a maladaptation of the organization's management style that contributes to employees
and grievances being motivated. As a team leader, I use the autocratic leadership model of my
organisation, which strictly maintains the entire judgment of the company by the top
management. This leadership will generate an adverse attitude among workers in an
organizational sense by neglecting their opinions and involvement in decision-making (Greasley,
2008).
Role and functions
The fusion of leadership positions and management renders a company competitive and leading
the industry. In various contexts of the organisation, the position of leader and manager can vary.
The key task of me as a TL consists of planning and setting an organisation's target. An efficient
management will schedule efficiently, which may contribute to the company's growth. Then
organising is another vital part of a planner that relates to collecting and accumulating the
necessary items to achieve the organisation's objective (Brennan, 2011).
Situations
In this case, ZARA is referred to as an operational I noticed that the management style of the
team did not fit me, so I left and joined another team The leader and manager's duties in this
scenario are critically significant. Initially, I am a top-down management style and a top-
dominated organisation, and this causes workers discontent. Although that strategy has positives,
it could be inappropriate in other contexts where a constant emphasis on metrics, powerful
management, and performance-based transparency are required. Thus, the strengths of these
methods are staff retention, mismanagement, a lack of bureaucracy, and so on. These methods
can't be pursued for a long time and therefore it is recommended that a democratic solution be
used instead.
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P.3 Apply different theories and models of approach, including situational
leadership, systems leadership and contingency.
Situational Theory: Management can address the issue of ZARA, but to do so they must first
concentrate on existing personnel requirements, then the company's theme. Effective decision-
making includes both forecasting the demand and acting on the forecasts (Greasley, 2008).
Systems Leadership Theory: This hypothesis would fix the issue, for success with this
philosophy, the organization must establish a task-specific approach.
The Contingency Theory: To address the problem, ZARA should switch to this theory. They
must consider the relevant factors, and then choose a leadership style that is best for the current
scenario (Kruger, Ramphal, and Maritz, 2013). There is no 'the right' way to lead in all cases.
Which theory can be best suited
One issue with ZARA management and new leadership is that they are dealing with various
types of management and leadership problems. According to the mentioned dilemma, there is no
universal leadership theory that works all the time; therefore, an organization must use various
theories depending on the case. As far as ZARA is concerned, all various variables should be
analysed in order to determine the design better fits the environment and background, which is
suitable for selection. Leaders and managers perform various functions within the organization;
but, in both cases, they fulfill similar roles. For diverse conditions under consideration, various
methods and hypotheses are employed, a variety of different techniques and mechanisms are
used. Here, it is pointed out that there are possible advantages and disadvantages to all methods.
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LO 3 Demonstrate an appreciation of the role leaders and managers
play in the operations function of an organisation
P.4 Explain the key approaches to operations management and the role that
leaders and managers play.
It has been addressed in this section for the many methods maintained in the operations
management that form the leaders for the managers with an inability to include the operations
management that managers play a larger role in boosting productivity, according to Are et al.
(2017). Operations management (sometimes known as "operational management") is the
management of a company's operations. It entails the planning, directing, and controlling of the
process technique of the results in order to redesign business operations and to maintain the
effective return undertaken the goods and services involved in the production process in order to
focus the action and to achieve the strength and results by ensuring that it is done. In its most
basic definition, total quality management (TQM) is the long-term process for achieving
successful outcomes for creative initiatives made to strengthen the forces by raising the standard
for all elements of operations management. When it comes to strategy, JUST IN TIME is the
practical method that incorporates inventory for increasing the employees' productivity while
decreasing costs by obtaining the items done for thefactor available in order to forecast the exact
demand. Continuous improvement is a strategy to the production of ongoing products and the
enhancement of existing ones that is used for the endeavour of continuous improvement. It is
anticipated that this progress will be sustained over time and will produce the desired effects.
This example demonstrated the idea of comprehensive quality management, which assures the
ZARA group's capacity to maintain productivity while also guaranteeing stability for the many
variables that contribute to the overall stability of the organisation system (Are et. al., 2017)
Within ZARA group, the most important function of the leader in operations management is to
improve management by concentrating on the outcomes and quality of management that is on the
duty of supplychain management and the proper transaction of guaranteeing. The manager's
responsibilities in operations management include resource allocation, financial management,
goal formulation, and effective communication, among other things.
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Operation management relates to the use of organizational capital to optimize organizational
performance. It's just about careful labour and materials efficiency to achieve a business edge in
the industry. The main roles in management are played by managers and presidents. Some
essential techniques are listed below:
Total quality management: A current company enterprise uses total quality control approaches
to achieve the best utilization of capital in the industry to gain an edge (Greasley, 2008). Many of
the currently profitable companies utilize this method of operation-management strategy.
Just-in-Time approach: Another term for "just-in-in-time" or "just-in-in-sequence" solution is
a good inventory management tactic (Voss, 2007). This cuts inventory handling expenses
drastically. Many of the current profitable companies utilize this method of operation-
management strategy.
Six Sigma approach: The Six Sigma method is a standard in management that strives for top
quality and consistency in the production. Today, most companies use this strategy to increase
their overall operational efficiency.
Manager’s Role in Operations Management
The administration of a business operation is a crucial position in the overall functioning of the
organisation. A manager's commitment to planning and goal-setting is necessary for him or her
to be effective. is a position held by another management in the overall goal-directed operations,
and it is responsible for the selection and accumulation of essential resources (Lummus, 2007).
The ability to direct employees toward the company's goal is critical for management to succeed.
Finally, keeping an eye out for patterns of behaviour and taking the necessary action when
necessary is essential.
Leader’s role in Operations Management
An individual running the overall process of a significant task First and foremost, a leader has to
build a connection with the organization's workers and the goal of the organisation. Another
essential responsibility of the leader is to gather and provide critical knowledge to the
management so the management can make informed decisions (Lewis, 2007). To serve another
essential leadership function, leaders are called "decision makers" or "decision makers".
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P.5 Explain the importance and value of operations management in achieving
business objectives.
Objectives of a business ZARA
Any company has a justification to survive in the sector. ZARA was picked for the
assignment.There is an issue with the business of the new Joan Pearson. The aim of the company
is to expand in the industry, offering outstanding service and great goods in order to make people
happier customers. To meet these goals, businesses should improve their process control.
Importance and value of operations management
Operation control pertains to the administration of the organisation to maximise capital. Usage of
the company's assets to achieve an edge in the competition is the main priority. A current
company enterprise uses total quality control approaches to achieve the best utilisation of capital
in the industry to gain an edge (Brennan, 2011). Many of the current profitable companies utilise
this method of operation-management strategy.
Just-in-in-time inventory is a new inventory management system which has proven to be
effective. This cuts the inventory handling expense drastically. The best operations use this
strategy to heighten their current operations (Hills and Hill, 2012). an approach to Six Sigma
management that is a well-established international standard Many of the current profitable
companies utilise this method of operation-management strategy. Operation control is for
streamlining the operation of the organisation with optimum productivity. It still insists on using
the best available methods to succeed in the industry. Managers and executives have a vital role
in overseeing an enterprise. Here are the essential roles:
To make effective plan for the organisation: Planning is the most critical thing. The primary
function of a manager is to strategize and prepare for the organization (Brennan, 2011).
Operational preparation is essential for being successful; the commodity must be managed
operationally, which includes collecting and carrying out all supply chain operations accurately
and efficiently. It helps to boost overall performance.
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To organize and collect required resources: It is an essential job of the service management to
have the power to make difficult decisions about nonroutine problems. The accomplishment of
an arrangement of everything needed to achieve the purpose of the organisation may be viewed
as the administration (Hills and Hill, 2012). In order to be competitive, managers must make
effective decisions about which vendors to use and must establish and maintain positive working
relationships with their staff. It improves process management performance.
To lead subordinate employee: The term leading often refers to directing others under you or
other parties in a firm to the goals of the company. Creative problem solving may be a successful
use of leadership models or process control performance.
To collect and communicate important information with different parties: In management,
there's a push and a pull of knowledge; therefore, getting information to the top management and
providing it to the lower levels is important. It improves process management performance.
Application of the operation management on the context of ZARA
Operational control is the method of maximizing the organization's wealth. Labor and content are
often used to achieve business advantage by an effective usage of all our company's resources. in
this situation, ZARA needs to boost productivity, performance, responsiveness, and value while
also lowering production costs. The important aim in corporate management is to get the
company to where it is going (Kruger, Ramphal and Maritz, 2013). The manufacturing method
may be improved to increase productivity, which cuts production costs. By making use of new
technologies, one may improve productivity and reduce expenses. On an on-time basis, a
business can take advantage of the reduced storage cost created by shorter lead times.
Application of different factors on the context of ZARA
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) practises pertain to the obligations of the organisation.
Extensive CSR operation allows business to strengthen the value of the brand. Thus,
management and team lead ought to put into consideration CSR's various project management
functions when making project decisions. Depending on a company's strategic goals, ZARA can
participate in various CSR practises in order to achieve a competitive edge in the industry
(Greasley, 2008). You must still recognise external society and principles when formulating
successful decisions.
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As stated by Ramanathan et al. (2017), in the introductory section, it has explained the concept of
business objective and how to keep it attained for a factor that involves the criteria for the
regarding activity of the concept and importance of operations management, which encompasses
all of the outcomes.
Survival:
According to the ZARA company, the most important aspect for survival in a corporate
organisation is to adhere to the tastes and preferences of the customers. Survival is the driving
force for the expansion of the organisation.
Profit maximisation is the goal.
ZARA organization's productivity and profitability are also important factors in achieving
growth in results, and the organization's profit will be maximised in order to achieve the desired
outcomes.
Customers that are completely satisfied:
Producing knowledge about consumer taste and preference regarding demand and purchasing
advantages is critical for the organization's growth. Enabling and creating this knowledge is
critical for the organization's success.
When it comes to operations management, it is essential to endure the activities that result in the
transformation of resultant through activities by a diverse approach in a regulated market in order
to achieve the desired result through the activity that has to be carried out in order to create the
actions that are required.
It is finally determined that the different elements that have been identified for determining the
action and maximising the accomplishment of the process for the relative degree of the
circumstances that exist in the ongoing activity have been identified (Ramanathan et. al., 2017).
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LO 4 Demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between
leadership and management in a contemporary business
environment
P.6 Assess the factors within the business environment that impact upon
operational management and decision-making by leaders and managers.
As a result, the boss and the chief have a very important and crucial role to perform in the
decision-making phase of the operation. When it comes to the operations management process,
there are factors from both within and outside of the organisation that have an impact on
decision-making processes. The following issues are discussed in detail:
Assessment of the factors
Business environment: The decision-making process is significantly influenced by the business
atmosphere. If we want to understand how the general culture and ideals of the business
community are related to operations, we must first look at what the outside world contributes to
the table (Lummus, 2007).
Stakeholders: The word "stakeholders" refers to the numerous groups of people who are
interested in the firm. The preferences and desires of stakeholders have an impact on
organisational management decision-making (Voss, 2007). Defending the rights of customers,
culture, and the environment is essential, and the ethics of the company's business is frequently
critical as well. CSR actions aid businesses in becoming more dependable in the eyes of their
potential consumers, therefore enhancing the value of the company's brand in the eyes of the
public. As a consequence, while making operational management decisions, managers and
executives are better able to comprehend the company's corporate social responsibility
operations.
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