Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Practices: A Case Study

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05 Sep 2019
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Introduction
The present report is based on health promotion and illness prevention practices. It emphasizes
on designing health promotion programs for keeping people healthy. These programs engage and
empower individuals to choose healthy behavior and thereby minimize the risk of developing
chronic diseases (Murdaugh, Parsons, & Pender, 2018). It is based on person centered care for
self-management of chronic diseases. The report has analyzed primary Health Care as well as
health promotion strategies in regards to the selected case study. The primary objective of the
assignment is to identify the health issue of the concerned client and accordingly design safe
health promotion and education strategies. These educational strategies should be able to address
the requirements of client suffering with chronic diseases and make them empowered to manage
their condition by themselves (Kemppainen, Tossavainen, & Turunen, 2013).
Overview
The present case study is about the health condition of Mrs. Anna Lenska. She is a 68
years old woman and has been retired from her job. She has lost her husband years ago and
presently lives alone. She has no immediate family member who can take care of her. She relies
on her neighbor for outdoor activities like shopping or doctor visit. She has been dealing with the
problem of Type 2 diabetes and hypertension. For the last 6 months, she has joined the
community Health service to treat those are present in her right lower leg. The community
Registered Nurses have been dressing her leg ulcer twice a week, which is done according to the
instruction from the wound specialist nurse.
Actual or potential Health concern
One of the actual Health concerns for Mrs. Anna Lenska is a low blood sugar level for
hypoglycemia. This is a situation when the blood sugar level lowers down, that is below
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4mmol/L (Badedi, Solan, Darraj, Sabai, and Mahfouz, 2016). Mrs. Lenska has a history of type 2
diabetes, which increases the risk of a low sugar level. As per the given case study, Mrs. Lenska
is lonely, she has no immediate family members with her. She is fully dependent on her neighbor
for shopping and other activities. However, her neighbor has been away for a few days, and she
is unable to go outside by herself. In their absence, she has reduced her food intake level and
often forgets to take medicines for diabetes regularly. She is also forced to wear an old pair of
shoes in which her toes are tightly closed, as her comfortable shoes are broken down. She also
complains of feeling a bit faint, which reflects a clear symbolization of hypoglycemia. Some of
the primary symptoms associated with hypoglycemia include dizziness, sweating, and fatigue
(Badedi et al, 2016). In addition to this, there are some other symptoms that indicate the low
blood sugar level, that is, feeling hungry, weakness, loss of consciousness, confusion, and pale. It
is mentioned by Badedi et al (2016) that severe hypoglycemia can even lead to coma or even
death.
Two appropriate topics for client education
The first educational topic for the client is “healthy diet for diabetic patients”. A proper
diet for a diabetic patient means intake of healthy food in a moderate quantity and eating meals
at regular intervals. A diabetic diet should be higher in nutrients on the other hand should be
lower in calories and fats (Pelicand, Fournier, Le Rhun, & Aujoulat, 2015). This diet will help
the patient to have control over the blood sugar level, manage weight, and minimize the potential
risk for any heart disease. Some of the key components in a diabetic diet include fruits or
vegetables and whole grains. As a part of healthy eating habits, the diabetic patient should also
be taught about the causes related to high and low blood sugar levels. Hyperglycemia or high
blood sugar level usually occurs when the patient consumes extra fat or calories, which can even
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